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Predictive Factors for Prognosis of Neonatal Intrahepatic Cholestasis : Non-Familial, Non-Metabolic, Non-Syndromic Cholestasis (신생아 간내 담즙 정체증의 예후 인자: 비가족성, 비대사성, 비증후성 담즙 정체증)

  • Kim, Hyung Suck;Lee, Chang Hoon;Kim, In Ju;Park, Jae Hong
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.208-214
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    • 2004
  • Purpose: The prognosis of neonates with cholestasis is not clear. Some factors, such as high peak bilirubin levels and liver histologic findings have been claimed to affect the prognosis adversely. Our study aims to define which factors influence the prognosis of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis. Methods: Retrospective reviews of the medical records were performed in 32 cases with neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis, who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital from July 1995 to July 2002. Neonates were classified into 2 groups according to the duration of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels more or less than 6 months. The data, such as biochemical, histopathologic and radiologic findings, were compared in both groups. Biochemical data included mean peak level of serum ALT, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase. Histologic parameters related to lobular architecture, fibrosis, inflammatory infiltration and degenerative features of hepatocytes were arbitrary estimated on a scale of 1 to 3. Results: There were 19 males and 13 females, whose mean age was 48 days (14~77 days). The peak serum ALT levels were higher in the poor outcome group. Ductular proliferation and portoportal bridging were more severe in the poor outcome group. But the degree of multinucleated hepatocytes, hepatocellular swelling and canalicular plug did not appear to be significantly related to the long-term outcome. The DISIDA scintigraphy by visualization time of gall bladder and intestine was not useful in predicting outcome of neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis. Conclusion: Neonates who have intrahepatic cholestasis with high serum ALT levels, severe ductular proliferation and portoportal bridging in the liver biopsy specimen should be carefully followed up because they may have a poor prognosis.

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A Study on Analyzing Sentiments on Movie Reviews by Multi-Level Sentiment Classifier (영화 리뷰 감성분석을 위한 텍스트 마이닝 기반 감성 분류기 구축)

  • Kim, Yuyoung;Song, Min
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.71-89
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    • 2016
  • Sentiment analysis is used for identifying emotions or sentiments embedded in the user generated data such as customer reviews from blogs, social network services, and so on. Various research fields such as computer science and business management can take advantage of this feature to analyze customer-generated opinions. In previous studies, the star rating of a review is regarded as the same as sentiment embedded in the text. However, it does not always correspond to the sentiment polarity. Due to this supposition, previous studies have some limitations in their accuracy. To solve this issue, the present study uses a supervised sentiment classification model to measure a more accurate sentiment polarity. This study aims to propose an advanced sentiment classifier and to discover the correlation between movie reviews and box-office success. The advanced sentiment classifier is based on two supervised machine learning techniques, the Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Feedforward Neural Network (FNN). The sentiment scores of the movie reviews are measured by the sentiment classifier and are analyzed by statistical correlations between movie reviews and box-office success. Movie reviews are collected along with a star-rate. The dataset used in this study consists of 1,258,538 reviews from 175 films gathered from Naver Movie website (movie.naver.com). The results show that the proposed sentiment classifier outperforms Naive Bayes (NB) classifier as its accuracy is about 6% higher than NB. Furthermore, the results indicate that there are positive correlations between the star-rate and the number of audiences, which can be regarded as the box-office success of a movie. The study also shows that there is the mild, positive correlation between the sentiment scores estimated by the classifier and the number of audiences. To verify the applicability of the sentiment scores, an independent sample t-test was conducted. For this, the movies were divided into two groups using the average of sentiment scores. The two groups are significantly different in terms of the star-rated scores.

A Study on Relationship of Salesperson's, Relationship Beliefs, Negative Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Prosocial Behavior to Customer (판매원의 관계신념, 부정적 감정 조절전략, 그리고 친소비자행동의 관계에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Sang-Hee
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.191-212
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    • 2015
  • Unlike the existing researches related to salespersons, this study intends to place the focus on salespersons' psychological characteristic as an element affecting their selling behavior. This is because employees' psychological characteristic is very likely to affect their devotion and commitment to relationship with customers and long-term production by a company. In particular, salespersons are likely to get a feeling of fatigue or loss, or make a cynical or cold response to customers because of frequent interaction with them, and to show emotional indifference in an attempt to keep their distance from customers. But the likelihood can vary depending on salespersons' own psychological characteristic; in particular, the occurrence of these phenomena is very likely to vary significantly depending on relationship belief in interpersonal relations. In the field of psychology, under way are researches related to personal psychological characteristics to improve the quality of interpersonal relations and to maximize personal performance and enhance situational adaptability during this process; it is a personal relationship belief that is recently mentioned as such a psychological characteristic. For salespersons having frequent interaction with customers, particularly, relationship belief can be a very important element in forming relations with customers. So this study aims at determining how salespersons' relationship belief affects negative emotion regulation strategies and prosocial behavior to customer. As a result, salespersons' relationship belief was found to have effects on their negative emotion regulation strategies and prosocial behavior to customer. Negative emotion regulation strategies was found to have effects on prosocial behavior. Salespersons with intimate relationship belief try to use active regulation, support-seeking regulation and salespersons with controlling relationship belief try to use avoidant/distractive regulation. Intimate relationship belief was found to have more prosocial behavior, controlling relationship belief was found to have less prosocial behavior to customer. salespersons' negative emotion regulation strategies was found to have effects on their prosocial behavior to customer. Active, support-seeking influence prosocial behavior to customer positively, avoidant/distractive regulation influence prosocial behavior to customer negatively.

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Identification and classification of fresh lubricants and used engine oils by GC/MS and bayesian model (GC/MS 분석과 베이지안 분류 모형을 이용한 새 윤활유와 사용 엔진 오일의 동일성 추적과 분류)

  • Kim, Nam Yee;Nam, Geum Mun;Kim, Yuna;Lee, Dong-Kye;Park, Seh Youn;Lee, Kyoungjae;Lee, Jaeyong
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.41-59
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    • 2014
  • The aims of this work were the identification and the classification of fresh lubricants and used engine oils of vehicles for the application in forensic science field-80 kinds of fresh lubricants were purchased and 86 kinds of used engine oils were sampled from 24 kinds of diesel and gasoline vehicles with different driving conditions. The sample of lubricants and used engine oils were analyzed by GC/MS. The Bayesian model technique was developed for classification or identification. Both the wavelet fitting and the principal component analysis (PCA) techniques as a data dimension reduction were applied. In fresh lubricants classification, the rates of matching by Bayesian model technique with wavelet fitting and PCA were 97.5% and 96.7%, respectively. The Bayesian model technique with wavelet fitting was better to classify lubricants than it with PCA based on dimension reduction. And we selected the Bayesian model technique with wavelet fitting for classification of lubricants. The other experiment was the analysis of used engine oils which were collected from vehicles with the several mileage up to 5,000 km after replacing engine oil. The eighty six kinds of used engine oil sample with the mileage were collected. In vehicle classification (total 24 classes), the rate of matching by Bayesian model with wavelet fitting was 86.4%. However, in the vehicle's fuel type classification (whether it is gasoline vehicle or diesel vehicle, only total 2 classes), the rate of matching was 99.6%. In the used engine oil brands classification (total 6 classes), the rate of matching was 97.3%.

The Relationship between Insomnia and Somatization According to Types of Work of Firefighters (소방공무원의 직무유형에 따른 불면과 신체화증상과의 관계)

  • Yoon, Heesoo;Ju, Gawon;Lee, Sang Ick;Shin, Chul-Jin;Son, Jung-Woo;Kim, Siekyeong;Park, Hyemi;Lee, Jeong Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.42-52
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    • 2020
  • Objectives : Firefighters are always under stress due to their job environment, and they are likely to become psychologically vulnerable due to continuous exposure to traumatic events, which is a stressful situation that requires emergency standby at all times. The aims of this study were to examine mental health factors for each division of firefighters and to see the relationship between sleep and somatization symptoms among them. Methods : General characteristics and related inspections were conducted through self-reporting questionnaires for 1,264 firefighters working at Chungbuk fire stations. Several mental health factors were investigated by the Insomnia Severity Index, Severity of somatic symptoms, Impact of Event Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Resilience Scale, Alcohol Dependent Screening Scale, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Depression Scale and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results : Among the mental health variables, the relationship between insomnia and somatization varies significantly depending on types of work. It was reported that the first aid team was significantly higher than the fire suppression and rescue team. Post-traumatic stress, depression and drinking also differ significantly depending on types of work. The first aid team reported more posttraumatic stress than the fire suppression team and more depressed mood than the rescue team. The administration part had more alcohol consumption than the fire suppression or first aid team. Resilience was significantly higher in the rescue team than the first aid team. No significant differences between the types of work about stress and suicide risks. Insomnia, stress, and post-traumatic stress were significant predictors of somatization among firefighters. Above all, insomnia was significant mental health variable affecting somatization. Conclusions : Various mental health factors were different according to the types of work in firefighters. The First aid team was more vulnerable to mental health variables such as insomnia and somatization than other divisions. Insomnia is the most important cause of somatization in firefighters, so it is recommended that they be treated for insomnia and to prepare institutional policies.

Analysis of Significance between SWMM Computer Simulation and Artificial Rainfall on Rainfall Runoff Delay Effects of Vegetation Unit-type LID System (식생유니트형 LID 시스템의 우수유출 지연효과에 대한 SWMM 전산모의와 인공강우 모니터링 간의 유의성 분석)

  • Kim, Tae-Han;Choi, Boo-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.34-44
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    • 2020
  • In order to suggest performance analysis directions of ecological components based on a vegetation-based LID system model, this study seeks to analyze the statistical significance between monitoring results by using SWMM computer simulation and rainfall and run-off simulation devices and provide basic data required for a preliminary system design. Also, the study aims to comprehensively review a vegetation-based LID system's soil, a vegetation model, and analysis plans, which were less addressed in previous studies, and suggest a performance quantification direction that could act as a substitute device-type LID system. After monitoring artificial rainfall for 40 minutes, the test group zone and the control group zone recorded maximum rainfall intensity of 142.91mm/hr. (n=3, sd=0.34) and 142.24mm/hr. (n=3, sd=0.90), respectively. Compared to a hyetograph, low rainfall intensity was re-produced in 10-minute and 50-minute sections, and high rainfall intensity was confirmed in 20-minute, 30-minute, and 40-minute sections. As for rainwater run-off delay effects, run-off intensity in the test group zone was reduced by 79.8% as it recorded 0.46mm/min at the 50-minute point when the run-off intensity was highest in the control group zone. In the case of computer simulation, run-off intensity in the test group zone was reduced by 99.1% as it recorded 0.05mm/min at the 50-minute point when the run-off intensity was highest. The maximum rainfall run-off intensity in the test group zone (Dv=30.35, NSE=0.36) recorded 0.77mm/min and 1.06mm/min in artificial rainfall monitoring and SWMM computer simulation, respectively, at the 70-minute point in both cases. Likewise, the control group zone (Dv=17.27, NSE=0.78) recorded 2.26mm/min and 2.38mm/min, respectively, at the 50-minutes point. Through statistical assessing the significance between the rainfall & run-off simulating systems and the SWMM computer simulations, this study was able to suggest a preliminary design direction for the rainwater run-off reduction performance of the LID system applied with single vegetation. Also, by comprehensively examining the LID system's soil and vegetation models, and analysis methods, this study was able to compile parameter quantification plans for vegetation and soil sectors that can be aligned with a preliminary design. However, physical variables were caused by the use of a single vegetation-based LID system, and follow-up studies are required on algorithms for calibrating the statistical significance between monitoring and computer simulation results.

Analysis of Sustainable Management Factors in County Parks Based on the Sustainability Evaluation Framework of Korea Nature Parks - Focus on the 11 County Parks in Gyeongsangnam-do - (자연공원 지속가능성평가에 기반한 군립공원 지속가능성 영향요인 분석 - 경남권역 11개소 군립공원을 대상으로 -)

  • Hong, Sukhwan;Ahn, Rosa;Tian, Wanting;Heo, Hagyoung;Pak, Junhou
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.12-21
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    • 2020
  • This study aims to implement the Sustainability Evaluation Framework of Korea Natural Parks to county parks in Gyeongsangnam-do, and to review the performance status of management effectiveness evaluation (MEE) and identify factors that influence the improvement of management effectiveness in protected areas. County park officers evaluated current management using this framework that was developed based on the MEE framework designed by the Korean Ministry of Environment. Among the principal values of county parks, 'natural and ecological' is indicated as the most important, followed by 'cultural and historic value' and 'leisure and recreation'. Natural disasters and climate change, visitor impact-inappropriate visitor behavior are indicated as current threats, and three county parks administrators viewed that there was no particular threat to their park. According to MEE results, the most effective management fields were 'State of cultural and historic value', 'State of leisure and recreational value', 'Current state of principal value'. The comparatively weaker fields were 'Threatened species management', 'Invasive species management', 'Management monitoring and evaluation'. The effects of sustainable management on county parks were analyzed through a regression analysis, and the influence of management factors reveal 'Annual budget', will impact attaining higher management scores. This study presents the current management information about county parks and provides support for the basis for the planning of county parks in Korea, suggesting the influencing factor.

Enhancing Technology Learning Capabilities for Catch-up and Post Catch-up Innovations (기술학습역량 강화를 통한 추격 및 탈추격 혁신 촉진)

  • Bae, Zong-Tae;Lee, Jong-Seon;Koo, Bonjin
    • The Journal of Small Business Innovation
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.53-68
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    • 2016
  • Motivation and activities for technological learning, entrepreneurship, innovation, and creativity are driving forces of economic development in Asian countries. In the early stages of technological development, technological learning and entrepreneurship are efficient ways in which to catch up with advanced countries because firms can accumulate skills and knowledge quickly at relatively low risk. In the later stages of technological development, however, innovation and creativity become more important. This study aims to identify a) the factors (learning capabilities) that influence technological learning performance and b) barriers to enhancing innovation capabilities for the creative economy and organizations. The major part of this study is related to learning capabilities in the post-catch-up era. Based on a literature review and observations from Korean experiences, this study proposes a technological learning model composed of various influencing factors on technological learning. Three hypotheses are derived, and data are collected from Korean machine tool manufacturers. Intense interviews with CEOs and R&D directors are conducted using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis, such as correlation and ANOVA are then carried out. Furthermore, this study addresses how to enhance innovation capabilities to move forward. Innovation enablers and barriers are identified by case studies and policy analysis. The results of the empirical study identify several levels of firms' learning capabilities and activities such as a) stock of technology, b) potential of technical labor, c) explicit technological efforts, d) readiness to learn, e) top management support, f) a formal technological learning system, g) high learning motivation, h) appropriate technology choice, and i) specific goal setting. These learning capabilities determine firms' learning performance, especially in the early stages of development. Furthermore, it is found that the critical factors for successful technological learning vary along the stages of technology development. Throughout the statistical and policy analyses, this study confirms that technological learning can be understood as an intrinsic principle of the technology development process. Firms perform proactive and creative learning in the late stages, while reactive and imitative learning prevails in the early stages. In addition, this study identifies the driving forces or facilitating factors enhancing innovation performance in the post catch-up era. The results of the preliminary case studies and policy analysis show some facilitating factors such as a) the strategic intent of the CEO and corporate culture, b) leadership and change agents, c) design principles and routines, d) ecosystem and collaboration with partners, and e) intensive R&D investment.

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Research on prescription candidates for Parkinson's disease in 『Dongeuibogam』 (『동의보감(東醫寶鑑)』에 수록된 파킨슨병 치료 처방(處方) 후보군 선별 연구)

  • Hwang, Min-Seob;Park, Hye-Jin;Kim, Si-Won;Baek, Jin-Ung
    • Herbal Formula Science
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.65-80
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    • 2018
  • Objectives : This study aims to sort out prescription candidates for four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease from Korean traditional medical publication, "Dongeuibogam". Methods : Medical terms related to four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease were primarily selected from "Dongeuibogam". Prescriptions that include at least one or more medical terms which are selected above were classified by the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease, and finally analyzed to sort the most effective candidates. Results & Conclusions : 1. There are 18 medical terms in efficacy ($ch{\grave{i}}$ $z{\grave{o}}ng$, $j{\bar{u}}$ $lu{\acute{a}}n$, $j{\bar{i}}ng$${\check{u}}$ $ju{\check{a}}n$($ju{\check{a}}n$, $qu{\acute{a}}n$) $lu{\acute{a}}n$, $j{\bar{i}}ng$${\check{u}}$ $lu{\acute{a}}n$($lu{\acute{a}}n$) $t{\grave{o}}ng$, $j{\bar{i}}n$ $lu{\acute{a}}n$, $j{\bar{i}}n$ $t{\grave{i}}$, $sh{\check{o}}u$ $zh{\grave{e}}n$, $y{\acute{a}}ng$ $sh{\check{o}}u$, $lu{\acute{a}}n$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $lu{\acute{a}}n$ $b{\grave{i}}$, $r{\grave{o}}u$ $r{\acute{u}}n$, $zh{\grave{a}}n$ $di{\grave{a}}o$, $zh{\grave{a}}n$ $y{\acute{a}}o$, $zh{\grave{i}}$ $z{\acute{u}}$, $ch{\grave{e}}$ $t{\grave{o}}ng$, $ch{\bar{o}u}$ $ch{\grave{e}}$, $f{\bar{e}}ng$ $ch{\grave{u}}$, $ch{\grave{u}}$ $nu{\grave{o}}$) related to tremor, one of four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 2. There are 9 medical terms in efficacy ($qi{\acute{a}}ng$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $qi{\acute{a}}ng$ $zh{\acute{i}}$, $qi{\acute{a}}ng$ $t{\grave{o}}ng$, $j{\bar{u}}$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $j{\bar{i}}n$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $sh{\bar{e}}n$ $qi{\acute{a}}ng$, $lu{\acute{a}}n$ $j{\acute{i}}$, $y{\bar{a}}o$ $j{\acute{i}}$ $qi{\acute{a}}ng$, $xi{\grave{a}}ng$ $qi{\acute{a}}ng$) related to rigidity, one of four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 3. 38 prescription candidates (jiaweishouxingyuan, jiaweilonghusan, gehuajiexingtang, qiangfutang, qianghuoxuduantang, dawugongsan, duhuojishengtang, mahuangzuojingtang, fangfengbaizhumulitang, fangfengtongshengsan, baizhutang, buxinwan, fulingtang, binsusan, xieqingwan, sanbitang, shengdiqinliantang, shujinbaoansan, xingxiangsan, xiaotanfulingwan, shengjunwan, shenmizuojingtang, wuyaoshunqisan, yuzhenwan, wenjingyiyuantang, yiziqingjinsan, ziyinningshentang, shaoyaogancaotang, dingtongsan, zhushazhijiasan, cangzusan, chuanxiongfulingtang, tiedanyuan, choubaowan, duomingsan, xuanhusuosan, xuefengtang, huoluodan) were selected for tremor, one of the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 4. 21 prescription candidates (qianghuoshengshitang, guizhiqianghuotang, guizhifuzitang, jiuweiqianghuotang(qianghuochonghetang), xiongzhixiangsusan, daqianghuotang, mahuangguizhitang, muguajian, fuzilizhongtang, shenzhusan, lianqiaobaidusan, yuzhensan, niuhuangjinhudan, renshenbaidusan, shaoyaogancaotang, jiuzhumuguazhou, cangzusan, shenxiangtianmatang, xiangjiaosan, xuefengtang, huishousan) were selected for rigidity, one of the four major symptoms of Parkinson's disease. 5. The results in this study ought to be verified by subsequent studies and clinical trials.

Management of Visitors in the Seonunsan Provincial Park through an Analysis on Visitors' Travel Motivations (탐방객 방문 동기 분석을 통한 선운산도립공원 관리 방안)

  • Sung, Chan Yong;Kim, Dong Pil;Cho, Woo
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.1047-1056
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    • 2016
  • This study aims to provide managerial implications for provincial parks through an analysis on visitors' characteristics and motivational factors. The information was collected by surveying 290 visitors. The survey questionnaire consisted of questions regarding visitors' socioeconomic characteristics, characteristics of their travel behavior, visitors' motivation to visit the park, and the degree of satisfaction derived from visiting the park. Results show that most respondents appeared not to collect any information on the park prior to their visit. It was also seen that most visitors do not visit other tourist sites nearby, and are not aware of the Gochang UNESCO biosphere, which indicates that Gochang-gun, which is responsible for park management, needs to make more efforts to promote the park. A factor analysis on the visitors' motivation to visit the park extracted three factors to visit the Seonunsan Provincial Park: 'to hike,' 'to experience and observe nature,' i.e., nature learning field trip and camping, and 'to build and nurture bonding with family and friends.' To examine the effect of these various motivational factors had on the visitors' satisfaction level upon visiting the park, we conducted a multiple regression analysis with the three extracted factors to visit the park and the respondents' socioeconomic characteristics as independent variables, and the degree of recommendation of visiting the park as a dependent variable. The result shows found that, of the three travel factors, only the 'hiking' factor statistically significantly affected the degree of recommendation of visiting the park. This result suggests that the Seonunsan Provincial Park only satisfied hikers and failed to meet the demands for nature experience and observation. It is therefore suggested that the park managers develop new experience-based tourism programs, such as guided tours conducted by professional eco-interpreters.