• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.631-641
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• 2001

This study is to investigate women have pre menstruation discomfort, The period of this research was almost one month (from 25, August 2001 to 25, October 2001). The PAF (Premenstrual assessment form), which was made by Park, Myonng-Wha, used for this study. The confidence rate is Crombach's $\alpha$= .9773. Correcting research papers are analyzed by SPSS 7.5 program and normal feature of the subject is divided by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows; 1. The average age of the subjects is 26.47 age. 220 subjects(44.6%) have gastroenteric trouble like, enteritis, stomachache, laxity. 278 subjects usually have caffeine drink in routine life. 123 subjects(24.9%) have controlled their diet. The average age of the first plowing is 13.55 ages and distribution is between 10 years and 20 years. The average of the uncomfortable point is 2.84. The way to reduce the uncomfortable feeling on the menstruation is taking relax time. 2. All subjects have experienced pre menstruation discomfort, even the degree uncomfortable feeling is different. Through eighteenth categories on the research papers, average point 2.21 were calculated and many subjects have fatigue ($2.89{\pm}1.0614$) and normal physical uncomfortable ($2.84{\pm}1.0633$) and undercurrent water symptom and unsuitability ($2.45{\pm}0.9857$). 3. According to the result of this study, that shows statistical difference; age (F=2.56. p=.037). marriage (t=2.60, p=.009) the number of children(t=2.83, p=.005), stress level(F=13.03, p=.000) job(F=3.91, p=.020). monthly income(t=2.14. p=.032) uncomfortable degree on the menstruation (F=19.121, p=.000), use of contraceptive appliance or pill(t=-2.20, p=.043), schooling (F=3.30, p=.038). Further research is need to understand pie menstruation discomforts, the variables associated with them. And nursing intervention has to considered in program to reduces of pre-menstruation discomforts.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.679-685
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• 2012

The population with massive waist circumference is increasing in comparison with that with obesity in entire bodies in Korea. It is assumed that prevalence of obesity is closely related with changes in marriage status such as divorce or separation by death, and age, educational background, diet habits and living environment depending on presence or absence of spouses. To identify whether there are relations between spouse, BMI and waist circumference under the conditions such as life cycle age, educational level, income, smoking, drinking and walking controlled, this study used data of national health and nutrition research organized by Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The subjects of the study were a total of 7,178: 3,043 men and 4,135 women whose ages were above 19 and married. As a result of controlling independent variables except a factor of spouse, there were no statistically significant relations between presence of spouse, waist circumference and BMI in men, but odds rate of waist circumference was lower, 0.78(95% CI 0.636-0.954) when the female subjects had no spouse than when they had spouse.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1159-1175
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• 2013

The lift table summarized and calculated the life expectancy at each ages according to aging. In this study, we tried to re-classify and summarized the application of the life table because the life table can be applied to several research and industry area. We utilized the whole papers published in Korea and international until 2011 and we considered several classification standards based on application, base period, gender, and observation period. Each standard divides the life tables into two or three categories. The standard of application groups them into general and applied life tables. The standard of base period is divided into two parts: abridge life table using the unit of 5 years and complete life table of one year. According to gender, life tables are classified in male, female, and unisex life tables. According to complete life table, they are period life tables and cohort life tables. This study contributes to inform how life tables can be employed in many other areas by analyzing how the life tables are constructed.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.203-213
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• 2015

This study aims to figure out job stress and stress coping strategies for administrative personnel working in early childhood educational institution. The survey was conducted targeting 119 administrative personnel working in early childhood educational institution in Gyeonsangnam-do from September 10th, 2014 to December 20th, 2014. SPSS/WIN 18.0 Program for statistical processing, followed by frequency analysis, t-test, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The result of socio-demographic characteristics had differences by factors ages, marriage status, religion and position. correlation. There was negative(-) correlation between lower variables of advices of experienced, change of problem recognition and lower variables of workload, job performance. Third, frequency of drinking and position at work were confirmed statistically as significant factors in regression model. This study is to be basic data to improve administrative personnel's task working in early childhood educational institution.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.488-499
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• 2017

This study analyzes the effects of residential satisfaction factors of small sized housing, according to the costumer groups based demographic aspects. To attain the goal of this study, we set 8 groups (male and female : 2 groups, ages : 3 group, marriage : 2 groups, including whole group : 1) and selected 6 independent variables such as the social factor, economic factor, accessibility factor. external comfort factor, physical factor, and convenience of living factor. As a result, it is found that the economic factor has the statically significant determinant in all the 8 groups, with big positive coefficient. And the convenience of living factor is another important significant determinant in 6 groups. But the physical factor shows low the significant influence or insignificant influence in the all groups. Other factors, such as the external comfort factor, the social factor, accessibility factor. and convenience factor, are different depending on the groups.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.37-54
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• 2010

In this work, we investigated the images of (unmarried) single women as seen from the viewpoint of married men and women. In-depth interviews were conducted with twenty-seven (married) men and women of ages from twenties to sixties. By carrying out a content-analysis on the interview results, we could extract three different thematic types of images on single women, which are (1) single women seeking some outlet of their passion instead of forming a family, (2) single women who are enjoying a life of unbound liberty, unlike married men and women, and (3) single women who have distinct personalities from married men and women. Each of these three thematic types could be further classified into narrower themes of specific images. From the first theme of single women who are looking for some outlet of their passion instead of forming a family, one could extract two specific image types in which the single women choose their work as the main outlet of their passion, or else they choose self-development. From the second theme of single women who are leading a life of unbound liberty, four different specific types were found, which are single women with sexual freedom, single women enjoying liberty from the bondage of a family, single women who can freely choose men to go out with, single women who have privileges to enjoy consumption and leisure life only for themselves. From the third theme of single women who have distinct personalities from married men and women, four different types of images were found, that are single women who want to avoid the hard reality of marriage life, single women who are selfish and self-assertive and leading a life that is self-centered or one that is centered around communities of only singles, single women who have secret feelings of emptiness and loneliness, and finally single women who can not find satisfaction in their life style. The images of married men and women on (unmarried) single women are based on the perception that 'those single women are different from us because they are not married'. That is, married men and women look upon the life of single women from the perspective of marriage life that they are experiencing.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-16
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• 1990

'What is nursing' this question could always be arised and such a question could bring forth the new possibility to definete the nursing concept more clearly. At the middle of 19th Centry, Mrs. Nightingale defined the concept of nursing as follows; 'Nursing is a kind of treatment act to aid the patient so that the health of patients may be recovered naturally, as keeping the most comfortable circumstances.' But after then, the role and function of nurses about purpose and method of nursing has continuously been studied, as the social circumstance has been changed. The fact that care provider and client have the same concept about nursing is very important at the first step of assessment. But at the present time, the care provider and client have not same concept yet, so the difference of unrsing concept between care provider and client is analyzed in this study. This study would be belived to be helpful for the advance of nursing in the future. In this study, 20 questionare from nursing objectives developed by Abdellah(basic care needs, sustenal care needs, remedial care needs and restorative care needs) are used for adult. The data of this study by the 6 point rating scale are analyzed by SAS as follows; 1. Respondent's view is that nursing is necessary in case of group(school or company) rather than private and in case of abnormal conditions rather than normal conditions. 2. Every questionares of nursing objectives are divided into 4 points of view such as basic care needs, sustenal care needs, remedial care needs and restorative care needs are examined. The evaluation by 6 point rating scale revealed that $5.08\pm0.65$ point in basic care needs $4.93\pm0.68$ point in sustenal care needs $4.91\pm0.80$ point in remedial care needs and $4.61\pm0.91$ point in restorative care needs. While basic care needs and substenal care needs that need more physical care show high points, remedial care needs and restorative care needs that need more psychological, social and spiritual care show low points. 3. It was checked whether there is any significant difference between above 4 point of views in nursing objectives and qeneral characteristics or not. As a result, there is significant difference between 4 point of view and ages, educational level, marriage, composition of children. And also there is significant difference between religion and basic care needs, remedial care needs and restorative care needs. But there is no significant difference between any point of view and sex, occupation, experience of admission and experience of family admission. As this study is based on the data gethered from a restricted area, the result can not represent the opinion of all the clients. Therefore the same kind of study should be carried out on many areas repeatedly and also it should be tried to extract objective concept. And also periodical study is needed to observe the changing process of nursing concept.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.157-171
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• 1999

This paper analyzed health practices of students in an university in Chollabukdo Province. It attempted to study how many university students had what kinds of health practices. Furthermore, it tried to find out what are the major problems in health practice among university students. To study health practices of university students, this study sampled 1,469 students randomly. Many of the students had poor practices of teeth care. In tooth-brushing, many students (35.8%) brushed their teeth before breakfast in the morning. Most of the students (95% or more) visit dental clinic only when they had problem(s) in their teeth. For weights, there exists a great gap between perception and BMI (Body Mass Index), especially among female students. Among the female students who perceived their weights were above average, 96.4% of them were normal according to BMI. Many of the students were drinking greater amount of alcohol than safe amount suggested by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. The proportion of the students drinking harmful or hazardous amount of alcohol were 79.5% of the male students and 74.9% of the female students. It suggests that health promotion fund or tax need to be levied on alcohol to frustrate unhealthful drinking. More than half (59.0%) of the male students and about 6.0% of the female students were smoking cigarettes. The smoking initiation ages were 17.8 for male and 18.2 for female students. It means that many of the students started smoking in their junior high or high schools. It implies that smoking prevention and smoking cessation programs need to be emphasized in these schools. For perception on sex, 27.8% of the male students and 60.9% of the female students thought to keep their virginity before their marriage. The female students were more conservative in perception on sex. The average number of sexual intercourses per year of male students was 17.0 times with their lovers, 7.9 times with prostitutes, and 7.0 times with maids. The female students had sexual intercourses 5.0 times with their lovers and 4.0 times with waiters per year. The proportion of students who had experience of sexual intercourse with homosexual partners was 1.0%. The finding this study was that the university students were vulnerable to poor health practices. It is suggested that public health intervention program be provided for university students to keep them in good healthy lifestyle.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.193-203
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• 2014

This study was to highlight the importance of elements of flower fair to organizer who organize flower fair in local community, to increase of participancy in flower fair exhibition with informing experience element and finally to increase incomes of flower farmhouse. To investigate degrees of interest of visitors on experience marketing of exhibition factors in flower fair, survey was conducted for 278 target audiences and data was analyzed to find the effect of experience marketing of exhibition factors in flower fair on the interest of purchasing. To population statistics, female took majority, 61.9% in sex, twenties, 34.5% in ages, married, 50.7% in marriage and students, 36.7% in job. University graduation occupied 58.3% in education, one million something, 48.6% in average income, seoul showed 38.1% in resident cities and 1st time visit was 79.9% in flower fair visit. For statistical categories, technology statistics analysis and reliability analysis were conducted. To check validity, factor analysis was conducted, and to see interrelationship of factors, using regression analysis, fluence among factors was analyzed. Results showed that exhibition environment of flower fair was effected by cultural elements, exhibition quality and exhibition service were effected by event and cultural element, exhibition marketing was effected by cultural and image element and purchasing interest was effected by image element.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.154-169
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• 1996

Parish nursing is a community health nursing role developed in 1983 by Lutheran chaplain Granger Westberg. An increasing emphasis on holistic care, personal reseponsibility for a healthy lifestyle, and changes in healthcare delivery systems have undoubtedly facilitated the establishment and nurturance of an innovative nursing role in the community. Parish nurses are functioning in a variety of church congregations of various denominations. The parish nurse is a educator, a personal health counselor, a coordinator of volunteers. The parish nurses helps people relate to the complexed medical care system and assists people to integrate faith and health. The autors conducted a study on pastor's expectations from parish nurses. Results of this study will be useful to those instrumental in planning, initiating, supporting, and evaluating a parish nurses program The research was done on 130 pastors in Taegue and Kyong Sang Buck Do, of various ages ranging from their 20's to 60's: and pastoring churches of various sizes, ranging from under 100 to over 300 members. 94.6% agreed that they needed a parish nurse on their staff; and 86.2% said they wanted to start a parish nurse program in their churches if certain basic conditions were met. The pastors responded that some would hire the nurses on a full-time basis(22.3%), a part -time basis (37.7%) or use volunteer nurses (40%). The pastors said they would expect the following from a parish nurse: health counselling (80.0%) regular health check-ups (78.5%) health care for the elderly (78.5%) health information and education (72.3%) hospice care (72.3%) visiting sick church members at home (69.2%) arranging and training volunteers to help the seek (59.2%) health care for expectant mothers (50.0%) introducing and taking people to health care facilities (46.2%) The pastors were surveyed about specific areas of health education they would want the parish nurse to teach(for example, high blood pressure and heart disease prevention and management(76.2%) ; stress management(74.6%); and diabetes prevention and management(73.8%). The pastors were surveyed about specific areas of health counselling they would expect the parish nurse to do (for example, drug abuse, (73.1), alcohol abuse(64.6%), marriage conflict(60.0%), recovery after the loss of a loved one(56.9%), and women's conflict with parents-in-law(53.8%). The pastors were surveyed about types of things they would want included in regular health check-ups, what they would want a parish nurse to do on home visits, and what they would want included in home care for the elderly. They were also surveyed on what kind of spiritual care they would like parish nurses to give. Most (90.7%) wanted their parish, parishioners to be involved in the parish nurses program as volunteers, and in a variety of ways(such as visiting sick in their homes(68.5%) and helping with housework(63.1%) and taking sick people to health facilities(60%). Parish nurses role, activities, and boundaries of practice should be continuously monitored and refined and a 'case manager' should be conceptualized as an additional or all-encompassing role. An initial parish / community needs and readiness assessment should be done prior to establishing a program to detemine if the congregation is ready, willing, and able to support such a position for at least a 2 to 3 year period.