• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2022

The goal of this study was to analyze students' views about statistical themes in Mongolian secondary schools in Ulaanbaatar. To this end, 129 9th grade students were stratified random sampling at two secondary schools in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, and a survey was conducted on them. The attitude survey focused on six factors contributing to the attitude: affective, cognitive competency, value, difficulty, interest, and student effort. The results show that students believed their statistical knowledge and skills have increased compared to the beginning of the courses. Furthermore, the survey revealed that they perceived statistics as neither an easy nor a difficult subject. Students' interest in statistics was neutral in general. These results suggest a need to develop effective and innovative statistical teaching and learning methods that can attract attention to statistical topics.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.170-179
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• 2023

Purpose: This descriptive study aimed to identify the contribution of nurses' communication styles, nurse-mother partnerships, and mothers' anxiety levels to the coping of mothers of hospitalized children, with the goal of establishing effective intervention strategies based on these factors. Methods: Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from July 12 to October 29, 2018. The study's participants were 200 hospitalized children's mothers in the pediatric ward of a university hospital. Results: The coping of hospitalized children's mothers showed a significant relationship with nurses' informative communication style (r=.26, p<.001), affective communication style (r=.28, p<.001), nurse-mother partnership (r=.50, p<.001), authoritative communication style (r=-.28, p<.001), and mothers' anxiety (r=-.23, p=.001). A multiple regression analysis (adjusted R²=.32) indicated that the factors affecting the mothers' coping included nurse-mother partnership (𝛽=.47, p<.001), another caregiver (yes) (𝛽=.17, p=.006), and mothers' subjective health status (very healthy) (𝛽=.15, p=.047). Conclusion: Considering that the formation of cooperative partnerships between mothers and nurses found in this study had a positive effect on the mothers' coping skills, it appears necessary to develop and implement programs for improving nurses' communication skills and ability to form partnerships, beginning from undergraduate education.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.97-121
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• 2024

As data usage grows in importance, ensuring individual control over personal information becomes critical. The emergence of the 'MyData' concept addresses this, particularly in financial services. Although the institutional and technological framework for financial MyData services is in place, there's a need to establish consumer understanding and perception of its usefulness and safety for successful activation. This study focuses on investigating the impact of trust on the intention to use the new mobile banking service, financial MyData. This study has three objectives. Firstly, to analyze whether trust in financial MyData services and trust in financial MyData service providers affect the intention to use financial MyData services. Secondly, to analyze the process of forming trust in financial MyData services based on the phenomenon of transferring trust in service providers to trust in services. Thirdly, to identify the process by which trust transfer occurs between service providers and financial MyData services. Ultimately, the goal of this study is to promote the intention to use financial MyData services based on the concept of trust and to activate these services. In summary, this study emphasizes the significance of trust in financial MyData services, exploring its impact on user intention and the transfer of trust from providers to services. By promoting consumer trust, the research aims to contribute to the activation of financial MyData services.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1041-1054
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the parents' rearing attitude perceived by high school students and students' covert narcissism on the adjustment of high school students. For that, research data are collected from 580 high school students in Busan. 524 students' data are analyzed through SPSS Ver. 21.0 to examine correlations and influences of parents rearing attitude, students' covert narcissism and adjustment ability to schools. The results obtained in this study are as follows: First, the finding shows that the adjustment of high school students has a significant static corelation with parents' rearing attitude which is perceived by students. Second, affective attitude of parents' rearing attitude, has the strongest influence on students compliance in school. In addition, goal-oriented and rational attitude of parents has an impact on students' scholastic aptitude and academic achievement. Third, students' goal-instability of life which is one element of students' covert narcissism has negative effect on overall students' school life. Thus, these results suggest that for a better adjustment of high school students, various parent education training and development of programs that can help students set up goals are needed. It also highlights the importance of counseling.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.95-99
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• 2004

Objectives: Although many studies on seasonal variations in mood and behavior have been carried out in foreign countries, no such study has previously been undertaken in Korea. The goal of this study was to estimate the frequency of seasonal variations in mood and behavior among Korean medical students. Methods: 297 medical students from Korea University College of Medicine participated in this study. The subjects were surveyed with a Korean translation of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), and their responses were evaluated for seasonal patterns of mood and behavioral change, including seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder (S-SAD), derived from the case-finding criteria of Kasper et al. Results: The mean global seasonality score was 6.6 (SD=3.6). 83.5% (N=248) of the subjects reported some changes in behavior and mood associated with the seasons. Only 3.7% (N=11) reported no behavioral changes across the seasons. Total prevalence rates were 15.2% for SAD, and 2.7% for S-SAD. The estimated frequencies were 3.0% for summer SAD, 2.7% for summer S-SAD, 11.4% for winter SAD, and 5.8% for winter S-SAD. The prevalence rates for winter SAD or S-SAD were higher than the prevalence rates for summer SAD or S-SAD. Conclusion: These results suggest that seasonal variations in mood and behavior are common among Koreans. The higher prevalence rate of winter SAD or S-SAD than summer SAD or S-SAD is consistent with most western studies and stands in contrasts to studies in other Asian countries, such as Japan and China.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.111-116
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• 2005

Objectives: Although many reports have been written on seasonal variations in mood and behavior in foreign countries, few reports have dealt with Korean adolescents, except medical students. The goal of this study was to estimate the frequency of seasonal variations in mood and behavior among Korean high school students. Methods: A total of 656 high school students living in southeastern Seoul participated in this study. The subjects were investigated with the Korean translated version of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ), and their responses were evaluated for seasonal patterns in mood and behavior change according to Kasper's criteria to make SAD (seasonal affective disorder) or SSAD (subclinical seasonal affective disorder) diagnosis. Results: A total of 565 subjects completed the questionnaire and the responses (M：F=324：241) were collected and used for analysis. The mean age was 16.73 (SD=0.65) years, and mean global seasonality score 5.88 (SD=4.72). Of the respondents, 413 (73.1%) reported problems related with seasonal changes. Total prevalence rates were 13.6% for SAD, 10.8% for S-SAD. The estimated frequencies were 5.1% for summer SAD, 3.2% for summer S-SAD, 0.5% for winter SAD and 1.1% for winter S-SAD. The prevalence rate of summer SAD or S-SAD was higher than winter SAD or S-SAD. Conclusion: The subjects showed a higher prevalence rate of summer type than winter type in SAD or S-SAD. These results were similar to those of other studies carried out in East Asian countries. However, the unpleasant feelings resulting from high temperature and humidity in summer rather than depression may have influenced the results. Therefore, it is necessary to make new SAD criteria of the SPAQ suitable for East Asian countries.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.25-51
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• 2008

Researchers have been continuously interested in the adoption of information technology (IT) since it is of great importance to the information systems success and it is also an important stage to the success. Adoption alone, however, does not ensure information systems success because it does not necessarily lead to achieving organizational or individual objectives. When an organization or an individual decide to adopt certain information technologies, they have objectives to accomplish by using those technologies. Adoption itself is not the ultimate goal. The period after adoption is when users continue to use IT and intended objectives can be accomplished. Therefore, continued IT use in the post-adoption period accounts more for the accomplishment of the objectives and thus information systems success. Previous studies also suggest that continued IT use in the post-adoption period is one of the important factors to improve long-term productivity. Despite the importance there are few empirical studies focusing on the user behavior of continued IT use in the post-adoption period. User behavior in the post-adoption period is different from that in the pre-adoption period. According to the technology acceptance model, which explains well about the IT adoption, users decide to adopt IT assessing the usefulness and the ease of use. After adoption, users are exposed to new experiences and they shape new beliefs different from the thoughts they had before. Users come to make decisions based on their experiences of IT use whether they will continue to use it or not. Most theories about the user behaviors in the pre-adoption period are limited in describing them after adoption since they do not consider user's experiences of using the adopted IT and the beliefs formed by those experiences. Therefore, in this study, we explore user's experiences and beliefs in the post-adoption period and examine how they affect user's intention to continue to use IT. Through deep literature reviews on the construction of subjective beliefs by experiences, we draw three meaningful constructs which theoretically have great impacts on the continued use of IT: perceived habit, confirmation, and computer self-efficacy. Then, we examine the role of the subjective beliefs on the cognitive/affective attitudes and intention to continue to use that IT. We set up a research model and conducted survey research. Since IT use implies interactions among a user, IT, and a task, we carefully selected the sample of users using same/similar IT to perform same/similar tasks, to exclude unwanted influences of other factors than subjective beliefs on the IT use. We also considered that the sample of users were able to make decisions to continue to use IT volitionally or at least quasi-volitionally. For each construct, we used measurement items recognized for reliability and widely used in the previous research. We slightly modified some items proper to the research context and a pilot test was carried out for forty users of a portal service in a university. We performed a full-scale survey after verifying the reliability of the measurement. The results show that the intention to continue to use IT is strongly influenced by cognitive/affective attitudes, perceived habits, and computer self-efficacy. Confirmation affects the intention to continue indirectly through cognitive/affective attitudes. All the constructs representing the subjective beliefs built by the experiences of IT use have direct and/or indirect impacts on the intention of users. The results also show that the attitudes in the post-adoption period are formed, at least partly, by the experiences of IT use and newly shaped beliefs after adoption. The findings suggest that subjective beliefs built by the experiences have deep impacts on the continued use. The results of the study signify that while experiencing IT in the post-adoption period users form new beliefs, attitudes, and intentions which may be different from those of the pre-adoption period. The results of this study partly demonstrate that the beliefs shaped by the behaviors, those are the experiences of IT use, influence users' attitudes and intention. The results also suggest that behaviors (experiences) also change attitudes while attitudes shape behaviors. If we combine the findings of this study with the results of the previous research on IT adoption, we can propose a cycle of IT adoption and use where behavior shapes attitude, the attitude forms new behavior, and that behavior shapes new attitude. Different from the previous research, the study focused on the user experience after IT adoption and empirically demonstrated the strong influence of the subjective beliefs formed in the post-adoption period on the continued use. This partly confirms the differences between attitudes in the pre-adoption and in the post-adoption period. Users continuously change their attitudes and intentions while experiencing (using) IT. Therefore, to make users adopt IT and to make them use IT after adoption is a different problem. To encourage users to use IT after adoption, experiential variables such as perceived habit, confirmation, and computer self-efficacy should be managed properly.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2014

Objectives : The goal of this study was to examine the association between zinc and lead level and symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among Korean children. Methods : A total of 89 clinic-referred children participated in the study (ADHD group=45, control group=44). The participants were 5-15 years old, and were mainly from urban areas of Seoul, Korea. ADHD was diagnosed using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version. We excluded children with a comorbid psychiatric disorder, medical illness requiring medication, or a prior history of taking ADHD medication. In order to evaluate the severity of ADHD symptoms, parents' Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) was used. The ADHD diagnostic system (ADS) was used for evaluation of the severity of inattention and impulsivity. All participants completed the intelligence test and hair mineral analysis. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the effect of hair zinc and lead levels on the K-ARS and ADS. We measured the predictive ability of the zinc and lead levels using logistic regression analysis. Results : The lead level explained the score for omission errors, commission errors, and response time SD in visual ADS in the ADHD group (adjusted $R^2$=.243, p<.01, adjusted $R^2$=.362, p<.01, and adjusted $R^2$=.275, p<.01), the score for omission errors of auditory ADS in ADHD group (adjusted $R^2$=.407, p<.01) and the entire group (adjusted $R^2$=.292, p<.01). Zinc was significantly explanatory for the K-ARS scores for the entire group (adjusted $R^2$=.248, p<.001) and the ADHD group (adjusted $R^2$=.247, p<.05). Conclusion : These findings suggest a possible role of zinc and lead in ADHD. Lead concentration in hair samples affected the ADS scores, and this was more prominent in children with ADHD. Children with ADHD had a lower zinc concentration in their hair, and the zinc concentration in hair showed negative correlation with the K-ARS score.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.47-59
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• 2017

The Goal of SW education is to cultivate creative and convergent human resources with computational thinking ability. The content and methods of SW education are diverse, and it is difficult for the students to properly evaluate what they have learned. In order to appropriately evaluate the learning contents, SW education evaluations should be able to easily evaluate the core content of the SW education. The purpose of this study is to provide a systematic framework that can be used to develop evaluation factors to evaluate the effectiveness of SW education in elementary and secondary schools. We conducted a literature review, a field suitability review through FGI, an expert consultation, and a Delphi survey. As a result, the metrics of the cognitive domain were developed with 17 keywords in three categories: Computational Materials & Outputs (CMO), Computational Concepts (CC), and Computational Practices (CP). Also, metrics of the affective domain were developed with 13 sub-areas in four categories: value, attitude, computational thinking efficacy, and interest. The SW education evaluation factors developed in this study can be used as a framework to develop the evaluation contents in accordance with the contents of education.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.417-427
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• 2017

Media is the medium that impart information beyond time and space. They refer to characters or images that serve as means to convey information. From old media such as newspapers and television to new media such as the internet and smart phones, media has developed cumulatively with the development of technology. The goal of media education is to develop the understanding of the properties of media, the ability of critical interpretation of media and selective acceptance. Furthermore it is to cultivate the ability to express meaning creatively and communicate through media. I carried out 'the research of Korean classroom instruction models based on media' with Korean language and social studies education researchers from July 2016 to December 2016. This study is a fundamental study of the project. Based on 58 research papers published between 2006 and 2016, research trends and factors were extracted through literature studies related to media-based science learning. The Result has shown that the studies related to media-based science learning is on the rise, and more than half of all researchers studied about elementary school students. The studies were divided into research on students, research on teachers and pre-service teachers, research on smart devices or media contents, and research on the development of digital textbooks. Among the four variables, there were many researches related to students' cognitive and affective development, and the development and application of media contents.