• 동남아시아연구
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.91-118
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• 2016

말레이시아 사바주(Sabah)의 12대(2008)와 13대(2013) 총선의 결과는 독립 이후 말레이시아에서 여당 연합을 형성해 온 국민전선(Barisan Nasional: BN)은 서서히 사바주의 정치에서 지배력이 이전과 다름을 보여주는 의미있는 결과를 보여준다. 12대 총선 이후 사바주는 국민전선의 정치적 텃밭에서 서서히 정치적 영향력(특히 주의회 선거)이 약해됨을 보여준다. 비록 13대 총선에서 국민전선(BN)이 겉으로는 사바주의 연방의회 의원 의석을 가져가는 등 정치적 텃밭으로 보여주지만, 이전에 비해 득표력이 떨어졌음을 알 수 있다. 본 연구는 사바주의 13대 총선 결과는 사바주를 여당 연합인 국민전선(BN)의 텃밭(fixed-deposit state)로 부를 수 있는지를 말레이 총선 결과를 토대로 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 문헌 연구를 중심으로 하여 말레이시아의 12대와 13대 총선 결과를 토대로 하여 이전의 총선의 결과와 비교하여 정치적인 변화와 함께 사바주의 사회문화적 종교적 환경을 바탕으로 한 변화의 조짐을 분석하였다.

• 한국과 국제사회
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.157-184
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• 2018

이 연구는 파키스탄에서 9/11 테러 이후 외교정책 결정 과정을 추적하기 위해 4단계 "위기에서의 국가 행동 모델"을 적용했다. 그것은 알카에다의 미국에 대한 불길한 공격과 테러에 맞서 싸우기 위한 부시 대통령의 후속 선언이 t1 단계의 세계와 지역의 정치 안보 차원을 변화시켰다고 주장한다. 이웃 국가인 파키스탄의 지원은 테러와의 전쟁에서 불가피했고, 미국은 이슬람 바드의 협력을 얻기 위해 강압적인 외교를 취했다. 결과적으로, 미국의 요구를 수용하지 않을 경우 파키스탄은 국가의 기본 가치/목표에 대한 위협을 인식하고 동시에 시간 압박은 t2 단계에서 의사결정자들의 심리적 스트레스를 증폭시켰다. 따라서 의사결정 포럼은 t3 단계에서 시작되었고 파키스탄은 외교 정책 위기를 완화시킨 t4 단계로 미국에 합류하기로 결정했다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the load of soil layers affected by soil depth in artificial soil alone or in blends with Loam with various ratio. The artificial soils were perlite large grain, perlite small grain, and perlite small grains blended with Loam (sand 46%, silt 40%, clay 14%) at a ratio of 8:2, 6:4, 5:5 (v/v). The soil layers were divided into a planting layer and a well-drained layer, then the weight of each layer in the air-dried state and in the field capacity were determined. The data were subjected to correlation analysis, regression analysis, and paired samples t-test. The summarized results are as follows; 1) In the air-dried state, the regression equations of the well-drained layer weight(kg/m2) in perlite large grain, planting layer weight in perlite small grain, planting layer weight in perlite small grain biended with loam(8:2, v/v), perlite small grain blended with loam(6:4, v/v), and perlite small grain blended with loam(5:5, v/v) were; 1.65824*X+0.026, 1.52292*X-0.052, 3.21468*X+0.515, 6.17549*X+ 0.083, and 6.02100*X + 33.133, respectively, where X is soil depth measured in Centimeters. 2) In the field capacity, the regression equations of the well-drained layer weight(kg/m2) in perlite large grain, planting layer weight in perlite small grain, planting layer weight in perlite small grain blended with loam(8:2, v/v), perlite small grain blended with loam(6:4, v/v), and perlite small grain blended with loam(5:5, v/v) were 5.055*X - 2.006, 7.073*X + 100.008, 8.092*X + 116.676, 10.766*X + 100.112, and 10.974*X + 124.423, respectively, where X is the soil depth measured in Centimeters. 3) All of the equations mentioned above were statistically reliable and therefore easily applicable in practical business affairs.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.174-184
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• 2010

Objectives: This study shows the issues that should be considered when applying standardized rates using Community Health Survey(CHS) data. Methods: We analyzed 2008 CHS data. In order to obtain the reliability of standardized rates, we calculated z-score and rank correlation coefficients between direct standardized rate and indirect standardized rate for 31 major indices. Especially, we assessed the change of correlations according to population composition (age and sex), and characteristics of the index. We used Mantel-Haenszel chi-square to quantify the difference of population composition. Results: Among 31 major indices, 29 indices' z-score and rank correlation coefficients were over 0.9. However, regions with larger differences in population composition showed lower reliability. Low reliability was also observed for the indices specific to subgroups with small denominator such as 'permanent lesion from stroke', and the index with large regional variations in age-related differences such as 'obtaining health examinations'. Conclusions: Standardized rates may have low reliability, if comparison is made between areas with extremely large differences in population composition, or for indicies with large regional variations in age-related differences. Therefore, the special features of standardized rates should be considered when health state are compared among areas.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.41-52
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• 1992

It is, as everyone knows, very important for human beings to protect and conserve marine environment. We has believed the ocean is so wide and deep that it cannot be polluted. But it has begun to doubt the capacity of self-purification of the ocean due to pollution arising from marine casualities. It has proved that semi-enclosed sea is likely to be polluted and cannot be restored easily once pollution occurs. Therefore, first of all it is important to take preventive measures for prevention of marine pollution in the semi-enclosed sea like the Yellow Sea. Many of regional conventions for prevention of marine pollution have come into existence. this dissertation was set out for the fact that the Yellow Sea is semi-enclosed sea which is vulnerable to marine pollution. It is desirable not to deal with marine preservation of the Yellow Sea by a single exclusively but to deal with it by cooperation of all coastal states under the present circumstances. I proposed a program of regional cooperation to protect and conserve the Yellow Sea. This program must be progressed with gradual arrangements. First, they must establist a basic cooperation committee to work basic affairs on the protection of marine environment within the Yellow Sea. The Committee Mainly play parts of study and research concerned with pollution of the Yellow Sea in the non-governmental side and consist of legal and scientific experts. Second, they must establish the control Committee to prevent marine pollution of the Yellow Sea substantially. There is a reason that regional cooperation cannot be directly concluded with the regional tready. Because there is a problem of Recognition of States left. In principle, a subject of tready must be a state in the International Law. But they have not made Recognition of State which is demanded by International Law between North and South Koreas. Therefore, the Control committee must play a substantial part of prevention from pollution instead of the treaty. Finally, we concluded tentatively named $\ulcorner$Convention on Regional Cooperation for Protection of Marine Environment of the Yellow Sea from Pollution$\lrcorner$ if the matter is settled which is related to Recognition of States in the International Law.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권4호
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• pp.45-82
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• 2006

This paper seeks to search for wisdoms that may be applied to modern leadership through Tasan Jeong Yakyong's ideology, ShilHak, from the Chosun Dynasty. The present period is referred as the period of transformation and innovation or the period of knowledge information The leadership appropriate for the current period is thus called revolutionary leadership. This leadership accomplishes its goals by influencing the constituent's values, ethics, behavioral norms, and visions based on the leader's moral values, knowledge, and information. Thus, the essence of this paper is in acquiring wisdoms of leadership by company revolutionary leadership with Tasan's life. Tasan pursued change and innovation in a time where Chosun was in a state of decay by following the flow of world powers towards the concept of studying truth based upon facts such as changing the system of thought, reforming legislation, and developing technology. Moreover, he gave courage and hope to the people by demonstrating such leadership in practice. In addition, despite false accusations and spending 18 years in exile, he showed revolutionary life as an active intellectual by leaving 542 volumes of writing through his 'value innovation' that he "pursue things only for the people and the state." Consequently, the paper first deals with what kind of leadership is required for a leader in the position of a general and examines the kind of leadership capacity demanded. Subsequently, Tasan 's revolutionary life and hints of leadership messages in MokMinSimSuh are examined. Thus, this paper is centered upon the leadership of generals regarding how MokMinShimSuh may be applicable to modern leadership.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2004

1. Objectives This paper is written for clear understanding on the concepts of 'Deep adherence of the Nature' and 'Sudden explosion of the Emotion' and for intensive comprehension of Mechanism of 'The Exterior Disease' and 'The Interior Disease' by The Nature and the Emotion. 2. Methods The study mainly based on "The exterior disease injured by the Nature, the interior disease injured by the Emotion" and deals with 'Seongmyungron, Sadanron, Hwarkchungron and Jangburon'. 3. Results and conclusions The conclusions as follows (1) Exterior Disease in each constitution breaks out by deep adherence of the Nature. Interior Disease brings out with sudden explosion of the Emotion. (2) 'Deep adherence of the Nature' is the state that the Ear, Eye, Nose, Mouth taking care of environmental frames can't work enoughly because of wrong minds on the Jaw, Breast, Umbilicus, Abdment. 'Sudden explosion of the Emotion' is the state that the Lung, Spleen, Liver, Kidney doing human affairs doesn't do appropriately for each constitution due to negative minds on the Head, Shoulder, Waist, Hip. (3) The result that the Ear, Eye, Nose, Mouth doesn't extract the clear energy from 'Jin, Go, You, Yaek sea' so they are lack of 'Shin, Qi, Hyul, Jeong' causes exterior disease in each constitution. (4) In each constitution, Interior disease results from that the Lung, Spleen, Liver, Kidney fails to bring on the clear juice from 'Lee, Mak, Hyul, Jeong sea', so shortage of 'Jin, go, You, Yaek' results in it.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.681-687
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• 2020

Giardia lamblia is a common enteric pathogen associated with diarrheal diseases. There are some reports of G. lamblia infection among different breeds of cattle in recent years worldwide. However, it is yet to know whether cattle in Jiangxi province, southeastern China is infected with G. lamblia. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the prevalence and examine the multilocus genotypes of G. lamblia in cattle in Jiangxi province. A total of 556 fecal samples were collected from 3 cattle breeds (dairy cattle, beef cattle, and buffalo) in Jiangxi province, and the prevalence and genotypes of G. lamblia were determined by the nested PCR amplification of the beta-giardin (bg) gene. A total of 52 samples (9.2%) were positive for G. lamblia. The highest prevalence of G. lamblia was detected in dairy cattle (20.0%), followed by that in beef cattle (6.4%), and meat buffalo (0.9%). Multilocus sequence typing of G. lamblia was performed based on sequences of the bg, triose phosphate isomerase and glutamate dehydrogenase loci, and 22, 42, and 52 samples were amplifiable, respectively, forming 15 MLGs. Moreover, one mixed G. lamblia infection (assemblages A and E) was found in the present study. Altogether, 6 novel assemblage E subtypes (E41*-E46*) were identified for the first time. These results not only provided baseline data for the control of G. lamblia infection in cattle in this southeastern province of China, but also enriched the molecular epidemiological data and genetic diversity of G. lamblia in cattle.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.165-174
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• 2023

4차 산업 혁명으로 인해 우리 사회 전 영역에 걸쳐 적용되는 영향력은 날이 갈수록 빠른 속도로 발전을 거듭하고 있다. 최근 법률서비스 분야에서도 선진국 미국을 중심으로 인공지능 기술을 도입하여 법률시장의 혁신을 주도하고 있다. 이처럼 인공지능은 빠른 속도로 사람들의 보조역할을 떠나 사람들을 대체하는 수단으로 급성장할 것이 전망되는 가운데 우리나라 전문 법조인들이 이런 법률시장에서 생존하기 위한 필요한 방안을 검토함이 본 연구의 목적이다. 연구를 위해 국내 연구자들의 선행연구와 우리나라 각종 자료를 기반으로 분석한 후, 비변호사의 법률사무 취급을 전면 금지하는 변호사법 개정, 공공정보에 해당하는 판례에 대해 국가의 적극적인 개입, 법률 정보 서비스의 독점 문제 해결을 위한 국가와 민간이 서로 견제할 수 있는 방안을 도출하여 제시했다. 따라서 상기 연구는 향후 인공지능을 활용한 법률서비스 측면에서 많은 논의점을 던져 줄 것으로 기대된다.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 'KRX건설 주가지수'와 '건설업 기업경기실사지수' 간의 관계를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 공표된 주가지수를 '추세요소'와 '잡음거래요소'로 분해하여 '주가지수 추세요소'와 '건설업BSI' 간의 관계, '주가지수 잡음거래요소'와 '건설업BSI' 간의 관계에 대해서 분석하였다는 측면에서 기존연구들과 차별을 두었다. Granger 인과관계 검정 결과에서는 '공표된 KRX건설', '추세요소', '잡음거래요소' 모두 '건설업BSI'에 대해 단방향의 Granger 인과관계가 존재함을 보였다. 즉, 추세요소는 건설업BSI를 선행하는 것으로 나타났으며, 주식시장의 일시적 심리적 요소, 과잉 반응 등에 의해 생성되는 '잡음거래요소'도 '건설업BSI'에 대해 선행관계에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과와 같이 건설업 주가지수의 움직임이 건설업 경영자들의 기대심리에 선행한다는 연구결과는 건설업 경영자들의 투자의욕에 주식시장의 움직임이 영향을 준다는 함의를 제시하고 있다.