• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.378-380
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• 2005

Remote sensing of atmospheric aerosol using MODIS satellite data has been proven to be very useful in global/regional scale aerosol monitoring. Due to their large spatial resolution of $10km^2$ MODIS aerosol optical thickness (AOT) data have limitations for local/urban scale aerosol monitoring applications. Modified Bremen Aerosol Retrieval (BAER) algorithm developed by von Hoyningen-Huene et al. (2003) and Lee et al. (2005) has been applied in this study to retrieve AOT in fe resolutions of $500m^2$ over Korea. Look up tables (LUTs) were constructed from the aerosol properties based on sun-photometer observation and radiation transfer model calculations. It was found that relative error between the satellite products and the ground observations was within about $15\%$. Resulting AOT products were correlated with surface PMIO concentration data. There was good correlation between MODIS AOT and surface PM concentration under certain atmospheric conditions, which supports the feasibility of using the high-resolution MODIS AOT for local and urban scale air quality monitoring

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2015

The Multi-wavelength Raman LIDAR (MRL) system was developed to enable a better understanding of the complex properties of aerosols in the atmosphere. In this study, the microphysical, optical, and radiative properties of mixed aerosols were retrieved using the discrete aerosol observation products from the MRL. The dust mixing ratio, which is the proportion of dust particles to the total mixed, was derived using the particle depolarization ratio. It was employed in the retrieval of backscattering and extinction coefficient profiles for dust and non-dust particles. The vertical profiles of aerosol optical properties were then used as input parameters in the inversion algorithm for the retrieval of microphysical parameters including the effective radius, refractive index, and the single scattering albedo (SSA). Those products were successfully applied to an analysis of radiative flux using a radiative transfer model. The relationship between the MRL derived extinction and aerosol radiative forcing (ARF) in short-wavelength was assessed over Gwangju, Korea. The results clearly demonstrate that the MRL-derived extinction profiles are a good surrogate for use in the estimation of optical, microphysical, and radiative properties of aerosols. It is considered that the analytical results shown in this study can be used to provide a better understanding of air quality and the variation of local radiative effects due to aerosols.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2011

A new iterative algorithm is developed to estimate LIDAR ratio for a thin cirrus cloud over an aerosol layer. First, the thin cirrus cloud is screened out and replaced by a modeled LIDAR signal and the extinction coefficients of the aerosol layer are derived using the Fernald backward method. These aerosol coefficients are referred as the "actual values". Second, the original LIDAR signal which includes the thin cirrus cloud is also inverted by the Fernald backward method down to the aerosol layer but using different LIDAR ratio for the thin cirrus cloud. Depending on the different assumptions about the LIDAR ratio of the thin cirrus cloud, different sets of aerosol extinction can be derived. The "actual values" which are found in the first step can be used to constrain this iterative progress and the correct LIDAR ratio of the thin cirrus cloud can be found. The detailed description of this method and retrieval examples are given in the paper. The cases compared with other methods are presented and the statistical result is also shown and agrees well with other studies.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.341-343
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• 2006

The current spectral shape matching method (SSMM), developed by Ahn and Shanmugam (2004), relies on the assumption that the path radiance resulting from scattered photons due to air molecules and aerosols and possibly direct-reflected light from the air-sea interface is spatially homogeneous over the sub-scene of interest, enabling the retrieval of water-leaving radiances ($L_w$) from the satellite ocean color image data. This assumption remains valid for the clear atmospheric conditions, but when the distribution of aerosol loadings varies dramatically the above postulation of spatial homogeneity will be violated. In this study, we present the second version of SSMM which will take into account the horizontal variations of aerosol loading in the correction of atmospheric effects in SeaWiFS ocean color image data. The new version includes models for the correction of the effects of aerosols and Raleigh particles and a method fur computation of diffuse transmittance ($t_{os}$) as similar to SeaWiFS. We tested this method over the different optical environments and compared its effectiveness with the results of standard atmospheric correction (SAC) algorithm (Gordon and Wang, 1994) and those from in-situ observations. Findings revealed that the SAC algorithm appeared to distort the spectral shape of water-leaving radiance spectra in suspended sediments (SS) and algal bloom dominated-areas and frequently yielded underestimated or often negative values in the lower green and blue part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Retrieval of water-leaving radiances in coastal waters with very high sediments, for instance = > 8g $m^{-3}$, was not possible with the SAC algorithm. As the current SAC algorithm does not include models for the Asian aerosols, the water-leaving radiances over the aerosol-dominated areas could not be retrieved from the image and large errors often resulted from an inappropriate extrapolation of the estimated aerosol radiance from two IR bands to visible spectrum. In contrast to the above results, the new SSMM enabled accurate retrieval of water-leaving radiances in a various range of turbid waters with SS concentrations from 1 to 100 g $m^{-3}$ that closely matched with those from the in-situ observations. Regardless of the spectral band, the RMS error deviation was minimum of 0.003 and maximum of 0.46, in contrast with those of 0.26 and 0.81, respectively, for SAC algorithm. The new SSMM also remove all aerosol effects excluding areas for which the signal-to-noise ratio is much lower than the water signal.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2007

Vertical distribution and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols above the Korean peninsula are quite important to estimate effects of aerosol on atmospheric environment and regional radiative forcing. For the first time in Korea, vertical microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosol obtained by inversion algorithm were analyzed based on optical data of multi-wavelength Raman lidar system developed by the Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute Science and Technology (GIST). Data collected on 14 June 2004 at Gwangju ($35.10^{\circ}N,\;126.53^{\circ}E$) and 27 May 2005 at Anmyeon island ($36.32^{\circ}N,\;126.19^{\circ}E$) were used as raw optical data for inversion algorithm. Siberian forest fire smoke and local originated haze were observed above and within the height of PBL, respectively on 14 June 2004 according to NOAA/Hysplit backstrajectory analysis. The inversion of lidar optical data resulted in particle effective radii around $0.31{\sim}0.33{\mu}m$, single scattering albedo between $0.964{\sim}0.977$ at 532 nm in PBL and effective radii of $0.27{\mu}m$ and single scattering albedo between $0.923{\sim}0.924$ above PBL. In the case on 27 May 2005, biomass burning from east China was a main source of aerosol plume. The inversion results of the data on 27 May 2005 were found to be particle effective radii between $0.23{\sim}0.24{\mu}m$, single scattering albedo around $0.924{\sim}0.929$ at 532 nm. Additionally, the inversion values were well matched with those of Sun/sky radiometer in measurement period.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.289-298
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• 2008

An algorithm was developed to retrieve both cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius considered the aerosol effect on clouds. This study apply the algorithm of Nakajima and Nakajima (1995) that is used to retrieve cloud optical thickness and effective particle radius from visible, near infrared satellite spectral measurements. To retrieve cloud properties, Look-up table (LUT) was made under different atmospheric conditions by using a radiative transfer model. Especially the vertical distribution of aerosol is based on a tropospheric aerosol profile in radiative transfer model. In the case study, we selected the extensive forest fire occurred in Russia in May 2003. The aerosol released from this fire may be transported to Korea. Cloud properties obtained from these distinct atmospheric situations are analysed in terms of their possible changes due to the interactions of the clouds with the aerosol particle plumes. Cloud properties over the East sea at this time was retrieved using new algorithm. The algorithm is applied to measurements from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra spacecrafts. As a result, cloud effective particle radius was decreased and cloud optical thickness was increased during aerosol event. Specially, cloud effective particle radius is hardly greater than $20{\mu}m$ when aerosol particles were present over the East Sea. Clouds developing in the aerosol event tend to have more numerous but smaller droplets.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.559-569
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• 2008

The Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) on board the Communication Ocean Meteorological Satellite (COMS), the first geostationary ocean color sensor, requires accurate atmospheric correction since its eight bands are also affected by atmospheric constituents such as gases, molecules and atmospheric aerosols. Unlike gases and molecules in the atmosphere, aerosols can interact with sunlight by complex scattering and absorption properties. For the purpose of qualified ocean remote sensing, understanding of aerosol-radiation interactions is needed. In this study, we show micro-physical and optical properties of aerosols using the Optical Property of Aerosol and Cloud (OPAC) aerosol models. Aerosol optical properties, then, were used to analysis the relationship between theoretical satellite measured radiation from radiative transfer calculations and aerosol optical thickness (AOT) under various environments (aerosol type and loadings). It is found that the choice of aerosol type makes little different in AOT retrieval for AOT<0.2. Otherwise AOT differences between true and retrieved increase as AOT increases. Furthermore, the differences between the AOT and angstrom exponent from standard algorithms and this study, and the comparison with ground based sunphotometer observations are investigated. Over the northeast Asian region, these comparisons suggest that spatially averaged mean AOT retrieved from this study is much better than from standard ocean color algorithm. Finally, these results will be useful for aerosol retrieval or atmospheric correction of COMS/GOCI data processing.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.5_3
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• pp.933-948
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• 2023

Atmospheric aerosols not only have adverse effects on human health but also exert direct and indirect impacts on the climate system. Consequently, it is imperative to comprehend the characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of aerosols. Numerous research endeavors have been undertaken to monitor aerosols, predominantly through the retrieval of aerosol optical depth (AOD) via satellite-based observations. Nonetheless, this approach primarily relies on a look-up table-based inversion algorithm, characterized by computationally intensive operations and associated uncertainties. In this study, a novel high-resolution AOD direct retrieval algorithm, leveraging machine learning, was developed using top-of-atmosphere reflectance data derived from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager-II (GOCI-II), in conjunction with their differences from the past 30-day minimum reflectance, and meteorological variables from numerical models. The Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) technique was harnessed, and the resultant estimates underwent rigorous validation encompassing random, temporal, and spatial N-fold cross-validation (CV) using ground-based observation data from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD. The three CV results consistently demonstrated robust performance, yielding R²=0.70-0.80, RMSE=0.08-0.09, and within the expected error (EE) of 75.2-85.1%. The Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP) analysis confirmed the substantial influence of reflectance-related variables on AOD estimation. A comprehensive examination of the spatiotemporal distribution of AOD in Seoul and Ulsan revealed that the developed LGBM model yielded results that are in close concordance with AERONET AOD over time, thereby confirming its suitability for AOD retrieval at high spatiotemporal resolution (i.e., hourly, 250 m). Furthermore, upon comparing data coverage, it was ascertained that the LGBM model enhanced data retrieval frequency by approximately 8.8% in comparison to the GOCI-II L2 AOD products, ameliorating issues associated with excessive masking over very illuminated surfaces that are often encountered in physics-based AOD retrieval processes.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.298-301
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• 2007

Vertical distribution and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols above the Korean peninsula are quite important to estimate effects of aerosol on atmospheric environment and regional radiative forcing. For the first time in Korea, vertical microphysical properties of atmospheric aerosol obtained by inversion algorithm were analyzed based on optical data of multi-wavelength Raman lidar system developed by the Advanced Environmental Monitoring Research Center (ADEMRC), Gwangju Institute Science and Technology (GIST). Data collected on 14 June 2004 at Gwangju ($35.10^{\circ}N$, $126.53^{\circ}E$) and 27 May 2005 at Anmyeon island ($36.32^{\circ}N$, $126.19^{\circ}E$) were used as raw optical data for inversion algorithm. Siberian forest fire smoke and local originated haze were observed above and within the height of PBL, respectively on 14 June 2004 according to NOAA/Hysplit backstrajectory analysis. The inversion of lidar optical data resulted in particle effective radii around 0.32 ${\mu}m$, single scattering albedo between 0.97 at 532 nm in PBL and effective radii of 0.27 ${\mu}m$ and single scattering albedo of 0.92 above PBL. In the case on 27 May 2005, biomass burning from east China was a main source of aerosol plume. The inversion results of the data on 27 May 2005 were found to be particle effective radii between 0.24 ${\mu}m$, single scattering albedo around 0.91 at 532 nm. Additionally, the inversion values were well matched with those of Sun/sky radiometer in measurement period.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.507-517
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• 2018

Aerosol optical depth (AOD) data retrieved by the Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) during 2011-2014 were compared with AOD measurements from 134 Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) sites over the East Asia. Overall, COMS and AERONET AODs were weakly correlated (R = 0.297). The agreement between COMS and AERONET AODs was improved when data from near Korean peninsula sites were selected (R = 0.475). Regression analysis results for each AERONET site are vary from R=0.026 at AOE_Baotou to 0.905 at DRAGON_Anmyeon. It was also shown that the bias in COMS AOD was not systematic with respect to effective radius, precipitable water, surface reflectance, and sun zenith angle. Together, these results suggest that COMS AOD measurements may be suitable for near Korea. Finally, the current results will help to improve the retrieval algorithm and vary when using alternative COMS AOD version in the future.