• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.265-274
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• 2022

MSMEs in the food and beverage industry play a critical role in the Indonesian economy since they account for the majority of the manufacturing sector's GDP. Despite its importance, it is unable to compete on a worldwide scale due to a lack of technological adoption. As a result, the purpose of this study is to look into the concerns and challenges that F&B MSMEs have when it comes to technology adoption. An online survey of 626 MSMEs and in-depth interviews as well as focus groups with diverse stakeholders from four provinces, namely West Java, East Java, South Sulawesi, and North Sumatera, provided the data for this study. To be thorough, the approach used in the study is based on the Technology, Organization, and Environment (TOE) framework. According to the findings, the majority of MSMEs use technology for marketing and sales, mainly through e-commerce. Meanwhile, for a variety of reasons, most of them continue to rely on traditional and semi-automatic technologies for production. According to the TOE framework, MSMEs lack those three parts of the technology adoption framework, particularly the environmental aspect, which is mostly due to a lack of cooperation among stakeholders. Finally, as a policy proposal, we offer a comprehensive technology adoption strategy based on the findings through an integrated MSMEs development information system including many important stakeholders.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.69-85
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• 2012

This paper analyzes how IT adoption affects differently on the shippers' make-buy decision, depending on the changes through agency and coordination problems. Empirical findings are consistent with the theoretical predictions on the changes of shippers' decision, summarized as follows. First, while the adoption of agency-cost reducing IT leads to the increase in the proportion of private fleets, the adoption of coordination-cost reducing IT leads to the increase in proportion of for-hire carriage. Second, the extent of private fleets changes depends on the primary product type that trucks load, with products of important service task experiencing more increase. Third, the extent of for-hire carriage changes depends on the truck's trip distance, with long-trip trucks experiencing more increase. With the results, we present different policy implications from the conventionally advocated ones.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.41-57
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• 2023

This paper aims to analyse the factors influencing the implementation of smart factories and their performance after implementation, using the grounded theory analysis method based on interview data. The research subjects were 21 companies that were selected by the Smart Manufacturing Innovation Promotion Group under the SME Technology Information Promotion Agency in 2020-2021 as the best case smart factory implementation companies, and introduced the intermediate stage 1 or above. A total of 87 concepts were generated as a result of the analysis. We were able to classify them into 16 detailed categories, and finally derived six broad categories. These six categories are "motivation for adoption", "adoption context", "adoption level", "technology adoption", "usage effect" and "management effect". As a result of the overall structure analysis, it was found that the adoption level of smart factory is determined by the adoption motivation, the IT technology experience affects the adoption level, the adoption level determines the usage and usage satisfaction, internal and external training affects the usage and usage satisfaction, and the performance or results obtained by the usage and usage are reduced defect rate, improved delivery rate and improved productivity. This study was able to derive detailed variables of environmental factors and technical characteristics that affect the adoption of smart factories, and explore the effects on the usage effects and management effects according to the level of adoption. Through this study, it is possible to suggest the direction of adoption according to the characteristics of SMEs that want to adopt smart factories.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.345-377
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• 2013

Government agencies have many difficulties for the information system development and operation. One of the difficulties is a budget estimation. Each government agency suggests individually different estimation for the personnel expenses and IT infrastructure adoption costs in the same field of informatization promotions. The other one is the operation costs are increased exponentially in every year[42, 51]. Those difficulties make government agencies can not help adopting SaaS. In fact, most of IT consulting company and government agencies already recognized a variety of SaaS advantages. The most typical SaaS's advantages are cost reduction, Software rapid development and deployment. However, once government agencies decide to adopt SaaS, they can not avoid many problems and difficulties. There is no information in a detailed item in a budget. In those kinds of situation, there is no choice whether government agencies accept SaaS provider's suggesting adoption costs or not. Thus, we provide a sheet of SaaS adoption cost estimation to government agencies. To know the cost factors, this study uses TCO(Total Cost of Ownership)'s criteria. To give a management point, this study uses Gartner's Application development Life Cycle. In this study, the integration check framework which is SaaS adoption cost estimation makes government agencies possible to establish a adequate budget.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.263-271
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• 2021

The study examined the XBRL adoption process of Malaysian Business Reporting System (MBRS) by utilizing Everett Rogers' Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. The study focused on the three phases, namely, knowledge gathering and persuasion phase, decision-making phase, and implementation phase of XBRL adoption process gathered from a government agency in Malaysia. This study employs a qualitative case study that incorporates semi-structured interviews with four members of the regulator. The results reveal that the regulator has realized the advantages, management support, and need to skills development in phase one. On the other hand, in phase two, it finds the way the regulator makes decision related to XBRL taxonomy and submission template, platform, tools and software. Through phase three, the regulator is concerned with the complexity of XBRL taxonomy, resources, external support, promotion, stakeholder involvement, limited trading pressure, critical mass, and professional bodies. The factors from each phase suggest an in-depth understanding on the experience of XBRL through the development of MBRS that provides a success story to the other government agencies and regulators in Malaysia. This study provides several insights on the factors that could contribute to the adoption of XBRL and the Diffusion of Innovation theory adoption process.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.157-173
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• 2019

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) has attracted great attention from diverse home and foreign industries. To provide lessons learned and action principles based on real RPA adoption and application experiences, various case studies have been conducted. However, lacking is an investigation of public sector for RPA adoption, especially in Korea. To reduce the research gap, this study presents a case study of RPA adoption by a representative Korean ICT public organization, NIA (National Information society Agency). By automating a core process, entering a document to a governmental portal service, NIA has achieved various management performances in terms of cost, operation, and business impacts. Especially, by relieving four types of rigidity of public institutions (i.e. structure, human resource, tasks, and rules), Our case study result suggests that RPA enables public institutes to overcome obstacles of pursuing digital transformation. Implications and limitations for future public RPA adopters are offered.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.189-199
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• 2021

This study attempts to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and earnings management practices in the context of Saudi Arabia after mandatory IFRS adoption. It is carried out on an unbalanced panel of 277 observations over the period 2017-2019. For this purpose, CSR disclosure is measured by Bloomberg ESG scores, while the residuals from the modified Jones model are considered for earnings management. As control variables, we have retained the firm performance, market-to-book ratio, firm size, financial leverage, board independence, ownership concentration, managerial ownership, and lagged discretionary accruals. Using the system GMM estimator in the dynamic panel, the results show a positive association between CSR disclosure and earnings management practices, thus supporting the perspective of agency theory. Managers engage in socially responsible activities beforehand to conceal their wrongdoing and convince stakeholders that the organization is transparent. They probably use ethical codes as a tool to achieve their own goals rather than the firm's goals. Our contribution is the use of recent data (2017-2019) taking into account the mandatory adoption of IFRS in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, to our knowledge, this study is the first to address CSR disclosure and earnings management practices using GMM system estimates.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.291-310
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• 2023

This study explores the factors which affect user acceptance for Robo Taxi, an electricity-based Autonomous Vehicles based on a Value based Adoption Model. The three main factors of benefit (usefulness and enjoyment), sacrifice (technicality and perceived fee level), and user experience about mobility services such as car sharing, taxi, and autonomous vehicles, were finally selected as independent variables as a influential factors on perceived values and adoption intention of Robo taxi. The study found that usefulness, enjoyment, and perceived fee had a significant effects on adoption intention, and some user experiences had a significant effect on benefit factors. This study has important implications for incorporating the Value-based Adoption Model results into the service design for the activation of Robo taxi, and furthermore, they can provide a theoretical basis for effective use of the research findings.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.411-428
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• 1995

Intercountry adoption, one type of forced migration, has increased significantly in recent decades. The adoption of Korea-born children by Americans has been the strongest intercountry adoption linkage in the world. The intercountry adoption stream was strongly influenced by intercountry adoption policies, and socio-cultural settings in both South Korea and the United States. Socio-cultural factors in South Korea made local adoption undesirable and helped for abandoned children to be adopted by Americans, while socio-cultural factors in the United States had reduced the number of locally available infants for adoption, and increased the demand for infants from abroad. Distribution of Korea-born adoptees shows concentration in the Pacific Northwest, Upper Midwest and Northeast areas which have not attracted Korean immigrants so generally. The trend of concentration shows some increased importances in the outlying states in the northern United States. The location and activity of agencies shaped the spatial distribution of Korea-born adoptees in the United States.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.263-284
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• 1994

This study examines the monitoring effects of institutions, outside directors, and outside blockholders by seeing managers' selection of antitakeover measures. In this paper, we hypothesize that managers use antitakeover techniques to entrench themselves when they are not monitored closely. Consequently, we hypothesize that institutional ownership, outside membership on board of directors, outside directors ownership, and outside blockholder ownership are less in firms which adopt harmful antitakeover measures. This paper analyzes whether the degree of monitoring by institutions, outside directors, and outside blockholders influences managers' adoption of different types of takeover defenses. We find interesting empirical results. First, aggregate institutional ownership is positively correlated with the likelihood of antitakeover techniques adoption. This result implies that institutional investors are passive. Second, total and active blockholder owner-ship is higher at firms that do not propose any defensive tactics. passive blockholder owner-ship is highest at fair price firms but low at poison pills firms. Ownership concentration by outside investors increases monitoring and reduces agency problems. Thirid, outside board monitoring is ineffective.