• 공업화학
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1990

Glucose의 redox 반응에 의한 새로운 인슐린 방출계를 5, 5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobcnzoic acid)의 disulfide 결합을 이용해 인슐린을 pmma 막과 glucose oxidase에 고정화시켜 합성하였다. glucose와 glucose dehydrogenase 및 glucose oxidise와의 산화반응에 의해 disulfide 결합이 파괴되어 막과 효소로부터 인슐린이 방출된다. enzyme cofact들(nicotinamide adenin dinucleotide와 flavin adenin dinucleotide)을 coimmobilization 시켜 membrane device에 대해 electron mediator로 작용하도록 하여 glucose의 농도 민감성을 향상시켰고 protein device에 대해서는 glucose oxidase에 인슐린을 직접 고정화시켜 민감성을 더욱 향상시켰다. 이 두 가지 계들은 glucose 특이성을 나타내며 방출된 인슐린은 생체인슐린과 구분되지 않았다. 방출인슐린의 생리활성은 생체인슐린의 81%였다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.301-305
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• 1999

Eight compounds were isolated from the BuOH extract of the stem of Clematis trichotoma (Ranunculaceae). On the basis of spectroscopic evidences, the structures of these compounds were established as rutin, kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside, adenosine, adenin, hirustrin, caffeic acid $4-{\beta}-glucoside$, 3-methoxyarbutin and uridine.

• 약학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.411-415
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• 2000

From the BuOH-fraction of the root cortex of Robinia pseudo-acacia, five compounds have been isolated. On the basis of spectral data, these compounds were identified as (-)-vestitol, isoliquilitigenin, adenosine, adenin and 7-0-$\beta$-D -glucopyranosyl-4',8-dimethoxyisoflavone.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.312-317
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• 2001

7'-Aldehyde-nucleoside 유사체(2a, 2c)을 6-N-benzoyl-2',3'-O-isopropylideneadenosiner과 uridine으로부터 합성하였다. 2와 Wittig reagent인 ethoxycarbonylmethylene을 축합시켜 ethoxycarbonyl group을 갖는 탄소수를 증가시킨 공액 이중 결합을 지닌 nucleosi de 유사체, ethyl-1',5',6',7',8'-pentadeoxy-1'-(adenin-9-yl)-$\beta$-D-ribo-nnona-5'(E).7'(E)-dienofuranuronate(4b), ethyl-1',5',6',7',8'-pentadeoxy-1'-(uracyl-1-yl)-$\beta$-D-ribo-nona-5'(E),7'(E)-dienofuranuronate(4c)을 얻었다. 또한 2와 CBr4, Ph3P을 반응시켜 공액 이중 결합을 지닌 9-[8',8'-dibromo-5',6',7',8'-tetradeoxy-$\beta$-D-ribo-octa-5'(E),7'(E)-diene]nucleosides (6b,6c) 유사체를 각각 합성하였다.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.309-315
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• 2000

Panax ginseng is an important medicinal plant that has been used worldwide for geriatric, tonic, stomachic, and aphrodisiac treatments. Ginsenosides contained in the ginseng root are the main substances having active functions for human body. The price of ginseng is very expensive due to a complex process of cultivation, and the yield of ginseng is limited, which cannot meet the demand of the increasing market. Researchers have applied plant biotechnology to solve the problems but there are still things to be determined towards ginsenoside production by large-scale adventitious root culture. In this experiment, 5 to 20 liter bioreactors were employed to determine optimal conditions for adventitious root culture and ginsenoside production of Panax gineng. Callus was induced from the ginseng root on MS agar medium containing 1.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ 2,4-D and 0.1 mg. $L^{-1}$ kinetin. Then the callus was cultured on MS agar medium supplemented with 2.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ IBA, 0.1 mg. $L^{-1}$ kinetin, and 30 g. $L^{-1}$ to induce adventitious roots. The maximum root growth and ginsenoside production were obtained in 1/2 MS medium. 2.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ naphthalene acetic acid resulted in greater root growth than 2.0 mg $L^{-1}$ indole-3-butyric acid. Ginsenoside content increased with 2.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ benzyl adenin or kinetin. High concentrations of benzyl adenin (above 3.0 mg. $L^{-1}$ ) decreased the adventitious root growth and ginsenoside productivity. N $H_{4}$$^{+}$ inhibited the ginsenoside accumulation, while high concentrations of $K^{+}$, $Mg_{2}$$^{+}$, and $Ca_{2}$$^{+}$ increased it. N $H_{4}$$^{+}$ at 0.5 and 1.0 times of the normal amount in 3/4 SH medium resulted in the greatest biomass increase, but the highest ginsenoside productivity was obtained when N $O_{3}$$^{-}$ was used as the sole nitrogen source in the medium. Most microelements at high concentrations in the medium inhibited the root growth, but high concentrations of MnS $O_4$enhanced the root growth. Root dry weight increased with increasing sucrose concentrations up to 50 g. $L^{-1}$ , but decreased from 70 g $L^{-1}$ Ginsenoside productivity was maximized at the range of 20 to 30 g. $L^{-1}$ sucrose. In the experiment on bioreactor types, cone and balloon types were determined to be favorable for both adventitious root growth and ginsenoside production. Jasmonic acid was effective for increasing ginsenoside contents and Rb group ginsenosides mainly increased. These results could be employed in commercial scale bioreactor cultures of Panax ginseng.x ginseng.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.796-801
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• 2000

Kimchi is the Korean traditional food which is fermented properly from salted Korean cabbage of raddish with other various supplements. Kimchi therefore can be the major sources for various kinds of nutrients and other biological substances. The fermentation process accompanies with complicated reaction mechanism which bacteria, fungi and yeast are involved and they produced aroma, taste and bioactive components. To identify nucleoside, this study was conducted with freeze-dried mustard leaf, mustard leaf kimchi and fermented mustard leaf kimchi. Hexane, CH$_2$Cl$_2$, EtOAc and BuOH was used in order to extract their components. The isolated compounds I and II from mustard leaf and mustard leaf kimchi were identified as adenosine and uracil using UV, $^{1}H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and LC-MS, respectively. Compound I, II and nucleosides are the first report of its occurrence from mustard leaf and their kimchi, the standardized ratios of ingredients for kimchi were 10 of anchovy juice, 8 of red pepper powder, 3 of garlic, 1.5 of ginger, 6 of paste of glutinous rice. The nucleoside of mustard leaf and their kimchi was determined and compared. The order of nucleosides contents of mustard leaf was uridine>cytosine>uracil>adenine>guanosine>guanin, that of fresh mustard leaf kimchi was uridine>uracil>cytosine>guanine>adenosine>adenin>guanosine and that of fermented mustard leaf kimchi (5days at 15$^{\circ}C$) was guanine>adenine>adenosine>guanosine. The differences of nucleoside contents from those were due to various supplements and fermentation process.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.458-464
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• 1998

Search for a new $\alpha$-methylene-$\gamma$-butyrolactone-bearing 6-substituted purine as a potental antitumor agent has led to synthesize seven, hitherto unreported, $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(6-substituted-9H-purin-9-yl)methyl]-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$- methylenetetrahydrofurans (H, Cl, l, $CH_3$, $NH_2$, SH, >C=O) (6a-g). These include $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(9H-purin-9-yl)methyll-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$ -methylenetetrahydrofurans (6a), $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)methyl]-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydr ofurans (6b), $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl]-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6c), $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(6-methyl-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl]-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6d), $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(9H-adenin-9-yl)methyll-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6e), $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(6-mercapto-9H-purin-9-yl) methyl]-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydrofurans (6f) and $5^1$-Methyl-$5^1$-[(9H-hypoxanthin-9-yl)methyll-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydrof urans (6g) which were made by the Reformatsky-type reaction of ethyl $\alpha$-(bromomethyl) acrylate with the corresponding (6-substituted-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone intermediates (5a-g). These ketone intermediates 5a-g, 1-(9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5a), 1-(6-chloro-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5b), 1-(6-iodo-9H-purin-9-yi)-2-propanone (5c), 1-(6-methyl-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5d), 1-(9H-adenin-9-yl)-2-propanone (Se), 1-(6-mercapto-9H-purin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5f), and 1-(9H-hypoxanthin-9-yl)-2-propanone (5g) were directly obtained by the alkylation of the 6-substituted purine bases with the chloroacetone in the presence of $K_2$$CO_3$ (or NaH) under DMF (or DMSO). The preliminary in vitro cytotoxcity assay for the synthetic .alpha.-methylene-y-butyro-lactone compounds (6a-g) were determined against three cell lines (PM-3A, P-388, and K-562) and showed the moderate antitumor activity ($IC_50$ ranged from 1.4 to 4.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) with the compound $5^1$-methyl-$5^1$ -[(9H-hypoxanthin-9-yl)methyl]-$2^1$-oxo-$3^1$-methylenetetrahydrofuran (6g) showing the least antitumor activity.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2001

우리 지역 토양환경에 도착해 살고 있는 토착 길항미생물을 분리, 선발, 육종하여 다시 지역모양으로 돌렸을 때 우점 능력이 크고 적응력이 큰 토착 생물방제균을 선발하고자 경북 경주지역에서 자연농법을 수행하고 있는 저병해경작지로부터 토착 길항미생물을 분리하였다. 이들 중 고추역병균 Phytophthora capsici의 생육을 강력히 길항하는 항생물질과 siderophore를 동시에 생산하는 복수 길항기작의 토착 길항세균 Pseudomonas fluorescens 2112를 선발하였고, 이 균주로부터 우선 항진균성 항생물질을 생산, 정제한 후 그 특성을 조사하였다. 이 항생물질은 산성 pH 조건에서는 매우 안정하였으나 알칼리성 용액에서는 불안정한 물질로 판단되었고, 또한 열에 비교적 안정하여 $80^{\circ}C$까지 30분동안 열처리하여도 항균활성을 50% 정도 유지하였다. P. fluorescens 2112로부터 이 균주의 중요 생물방제 기작인 항진균 항생물질을 단일물질 수준으로 분리하여 그 구조를 분석해 본 결과 선발된 균주가 생산하는 항생물질은 다른 Pseudomonas sp. 에서도 생산되는 것으로 알려진 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol로 동정이 되었다. 고추역병균 P. capsici의 생육을 억제하는 토착 길항세균 P.fluorescens 2112가 생산하는 항진균 항생물질의 항균범위를 조사해 본 결과 다양한 식물병원성 진균에 방제력을 가지는 광범위 항생물질임을 확인 할 수 있었지만, Fusarium 속에 대해서는 큰 활성을 볼 수 있었다. 이 항진균 항생물질을 이용해 저해기작을 고추역병균 P. capsici의 포자를 대상으로 radioisotope labelling precursor [$^{3}$ H] Leucine, [$^{14}$ H] Glucose, [$^{3}$ H] Adenine 등으로 조사한 결과, 그 길항기작이 RNA 합성 저해로 추정되었다.