• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2010년도 추계 학술발표회 3차
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• pp.55-60
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• 2010

Rockfill zones in CFRD consist typically of large granular materials, usually the maximum particle size up to several meters, which makes laboratory testing to determine the mechanical properties of rockfill difficult. Commonly, the design strength of the rockfills is obtained by scaling down the original rockfill materials and performing laboratory strength tests for the reduced size materials. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of particle size on the shear behavior and the strength for granular materials. A series of large-scale triaxial tests was conducted on large granular materials with the maximum particle size varying from 20 to 50mm. The test results showed that overall shear behaviors were similar between the samples with different particle sizes while there were slight differences in the magnitudes of the peak shear stress between the samples. In addition, a simulation of the granular material with the max. particle size of 20mm was performed using DEM code, $PFC^{2D}$, and compared with the test results. The deviatoric stress versus strain behaviors of experimental and numerical tests were found to be matched well up to the peak stress state.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.305-311
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• 2005

휴대전화와 PDA 등에서 수행되는 플래시 메모리 소프트웨어는 돌발적인 전원 중단이나 기록매체 폴트에 대처하기 위하여 충분히 테스트되어야 한다 이러한 테스트를 위하여, 폴트 삽입 기능을 가지는 플래시 메모리 에뮬레이터를 설계하고 구현하였다. 폴트 삽입을 통한 테스트 기법은 FTL(Flash Translation Layer)과 플래시 메모리 기반 파일 시스템의 폴트 회복 기법을 설계하고 폴트로 인한 피해를 분석하는데 유용한 도구로 사용되었다. 본 논문에서는 플래시 메모리에서 관찰되는 폴트의 유형과 플래시 메모리 에뮬레이터에서 구현된 폴트 삽입 기능에 대해 설명한다. 그리고 폴트 삽입 테스트 과정에서 밝혀진 디자인 결함에 대하여 설명한다. 특히 신뢰성을 향상하기 위하여 도입된 기능이 신뢰성을 향상하기 보다 피해를 유발하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 마지막으로 FTL과 파일 시스템의 "폴트 후 동작"에 대해 설명한다

• 소성∙가공
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.258-264
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• 2012

The forming failure of AZ31 alloy sheet during deep drawing processes was predicted by the FEM and ductile fracture criteria. Uniaxial tensile tests of round-notched specimens and FE simulations were performed to calculate the critical damage values for three ductile fracture criteria. The critical damage values for each criterion were expressed as a function of strain rate at various temperatures. In order to determine the best criterion for failure prediction, Erichsen cupping test under isothermal conditions at $250^{\circ}C$ were conducted. Based on the plastic deformation histories obtained from the FE analysis of the Erichsen cupping tests and the critical damage value curves, the initiation time and location of fracture were predicted under bi-axial tension deformation. The results indicate that the Cockcroft-Latham criterion had good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, the FE analysis combined with the criterion was applied to another deep drawing process using an irregular shaped blank and these additional results were verified with experimental tests.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.35-48
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• 1989

This study is concerned with a correlation of microstructure and local brittle zone (LBZ) in offshore structural steel welds. The influence of the LBZ on fracture toughness was investigated by means of simulated heat-affected zone (HAZ) tests as well as welded joint tests. Micromechanical processes involved in void and cleavage microcrack formation were also identified using notched round tensile tests and subsequent SEM observations. The LBZ in the HAZ of a multiphase welded joint is the interstitially reheated coarse grained HAZ, which is influenced by metallurgical factors such as effective grain size, the major matrix structure and the amount of high-carbon martensite-austenite (M-A) constituents. The experimental results indicate that Chirpy energy was found to scale monotonically with the amount of M-A constituents, confirming that the M-A constituent is the major microstructural factor controlling the HAZ toughness. In addition, voids and microcracks are observed to initiate at M-A constituents by the shear cracking process. Thus, the M-A constituent played an important role in initiating the voids and microcracks, and consequently caused brittle fracture.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제23권4_2호
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• pp.637-644
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• 2020

Because suicide accidents sometimes were happened in grand bridges over rivers or sea water recently, it will be necessary that prevention measures be made preparation in advance from now on. Additional safety facilities must be needed in addition to existing safety facilities in such a way as this prevention measure. In order to make cable-stayed bridge safe on wind for additional safety facilities, main girder models with added safety facilities for wind-tunnel tests was made, and wind tunnel experiments was carried out to measure aerodynamic force coefficients. Also, wind-resistant analyses of 3D cable-stayed bridge were performed on the basis of wind-tunnel test results. From the wind experiments, force coefficients of main girder with added safety facilities were assessed, and it is known that there are little possibility of galloping and rotation of steel main girder. Finally, from the wind resistant analyses, it was concluded that wind-resistant safety of cable-stayed bridge was secured on wind speed 60.6m/sec.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.281-303
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• 2015

The effects of infill panels on the response of r.c. frames subjected to seismic action are widely recognized. Numerous experimental investigations were effected and several analytical models were developed on this subject. This work, which is part of a larger project dealing with specific materials and structures commonly used in Italy, discusses experimental tests on masonry and samples of bare and infilled portals. The experimental activity includes tests on elemental materials, and 12 wall samples. Finally, three one-bay one-story reinforced concrete frames, designed according to the outdated Italian technical code D.M. 1996 without seismic details, were tested (bare and infilled) under constant vertical and cyclic lateral load. The first cracks observed on the framed walls occurred at a drift of about 0.3%, reaching its maximum capacity at a drift of 0.5% while retaining its capacity up to a drift of 0.6%. Infill contributed to both the stiffness and strength of the bare reinforced concrete frame at small drifts thus improving overall system behavior. In addition to the experimental activities, previously mentioned, the recalibration of a model proposed by Comberscue (1996) was evaluated. The accuracy of an OpenSees non linear fiber based model of the prototype tested, including a strut element was verified through a comparison with the final experimental results. This work has been partially supported by research grant DPC-ReLUIS 2014.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.928-934
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• 2008

Resently, Fiber Reinforced Concrete is used for not only preventing crack of concrete but also reinforcing general methods. Steel Fiber and PP(poly-propylene) Fiber are usually used as fiber reinforced materials. However, using these materials for shotcrete on Railway tunnel can cause some problems such as damage of pressure hose and shotcrete rebound. In addition, Steel fiber is an expensive material and it can cause safety problems during applying to shotcrete. PP Fiber can cause a problem in fiber balling during applying to shotcrete railway tunnel construction. A purpose of the research is applying a development of PET(Poly Etylene Terephtalate) fiber by recycling pet bottles to the shotcrete tunnel exposed to explosion spalling. To investigate the reinforcement effect of the PET fiber, some basic tests are accomplished to physical properties and explosion spalling by fire. As a result of the tests, a concrete mixing the PET fiber has stronger resistance effect in the explosion spalling by high temperature than another strong fiber concrete does, and that the former concrete is also equal or more effective on the result of the above tests to physical properties like compression and strain than the latter one is demonstrated.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.1142-1153
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• 2019

This paper presents the effect of fusion procedure on the fusion performance of the thermal butt fusion in the safety class III buried HDPE piping per various tests performed, including high speed tensile impact, free bend, blunt notched tensile, notched creep, and PENT tests. The suitability of fusion joints and qualification procedures was evaluated by comparing test results from the base material and buttfusion joints. From the notched tensile test result, it was found that the fused joints have much lower toughness than the base material. It was also identified that the notched tensile test is more desirable than the high speed tensile impact and free bend tests presented in the ASME Code Case N-755-3 as a fusion qualification test method. In addition, with regard to the single low-pressure fusion joint performances, the procedure given by the ISO 21307 was determined to be better that the one specified in the Code Case N-755-3.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.209-219
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• 2019

Unbonded Post-Tensioned (UPT) precast concrete systems have been shown to provide excellent seismic resistance. In order to improve understanding of the dynamic response of UPT systems, a series of snap back tests on four UPT systems was undertaken consisting of one Single Rocking Wall (SRW) and three Precast Wall with End Columns (PreWEC) systems. The snap back tests provided both a static pushover and a nonlinear free vibration response of a system. As expected the SRW exhibited an approximate bi-linear inertia force-drift response during the free vibration decay and the PreWEC walls showed an inertia force-drift response with increased strength and energy dissipation due to the addition of steel O-connectors. All walls exhibited negligible residual drifts regardless of the number of O-connectors or the post-tensioning force. When PreWEC systems of the same strength were compared the inclusion of further energy dissipating O-connectors was found to decrease the measured peak wall acceleration. Both the local and global wall parameters measured at pseudo-static and dynamic loading rates showed similar behaviour, which demonstrates that the dynamic behaviour of UPT walls is well represented by pseudo-static tests. The SRW was found to have Equivalent Viscous Damping (EVD) between 0.9-3.8% and the three PreWEC walls were found to have maximum EVD of between 14.7-25.8%.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.380-390
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• 2019

연구목적: 최근 전기레인지의 사용증가와 더불어 화재도 증가하고 있다. 전기레인지 중 대표적인 인덕션과 하이라이트 방식에 대해 구조 및 작동방법을 알아보고 화재위험성을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법: 두 방식에 대하여 연소실험, 전열실험, 발화실험 등을 실시하였다. 연구결과: 하이라이트 전기레인지는 키친타월이 2분 후 연소되었고, 조리를 마친 후 잔열이 식는데 약 25분이 소요되며, 니크롬선의 붉은 기운이 3~4분 만에 사라지고 불꽃이 보이지 않았다. 결론: 실험 결과 하이라이트 방식은 화상 및 화재 위험성이 존재하며, 특히 상판에 균열이 있을 경우 화재 및 폭발의 위험성이 있음을 알 수 있었다.