• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.543-558
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• 2005

The natural frequencies of a long span bridge vary during its construction and it is thus difficult to apply traditional tuned liquid column dampers (TLCD) with a fixed configuration to reduce bridge vibration. The restriction of TLCD imposed by frequency tuning requirement also make it difficult to be applied to structure with either very low or high natural frequency. A semi-active tuned liquid column damper (SATLCD), whose natural frequency can be altered by active control of liquid column pressure, is studied in this paper. The principle of SATLCD with adaptive tuning capacity is first introduced. The analytical models are then developed for lateral vibration of a structure with SATLCD and torsional vibration of a structure with SATLCD, respectively, under either harmonic or white noise excitation. The non-linear damping property of SATLCD is linearized by an equivalent linearization technique. Extensive parametric studies are finally carried out in the frequency domain to find the beneficial parameters by which the maximum vibration reduction can be achieved. The key parameters investigated include the distance from the centre line of SATLCD to the rotational axis of a structure, the ratio of horizontal length to the total length of liquid column, head loss coefficient, and frequency offset ratio. The investigations demonstrate that SATLCD can provide a greater flexibility for its application in practice and achieve a high degree of vibration reduction. The sensitivity of SATLCD to the frequency offset between the damper and structure can be improved by adapting its frequency precisely to the measured structural frequency.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권1C호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2003

본 논문은 멀티패스 페이딩이 존재하는 CDMA 채널에서 새로운 빔형성 알고리즘을 통해 적응 배열 안테나의 성능을 향상시키기 위한 최적의 웨이트 벡터를 구하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안한 빔형성 알고리즘은 멱승법을 근간으로 하며, 전체 계산량이 O(4N)밖에 되지 않는 선형화 된 멱승법(power method) 알고리즘이다. 여기서 N은 안테나 수를 의미한다. 제안된 알고리즘의 성능은 IS-2000 1X CDMA 환경에서 심볼 에러율(symbol error rate), 사용 가능자수(allowable capacity), 수렴도(convergence) 등에 대한 분석을 통해 확인하였다. 성능분석 결과 적응 배열 안테나 시스템은 기지국 셀 내에서 기존 안테나 시스템에 비해 6-10배정도 사용 가능자수가 증가하였다. 또한, 제안 알고리즘은 심볼 에러율, 수렴도, 계산량의 모든 경우에서 기존 알고리즘에 비해 우수한 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1105-1118
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• 2015

Battery energy storage devices (ESDs) have become more and more commonplace to maintain the stability of islanded power systems. Considering the limitation in inverter capacity and the requirement of flexibility in the ESD, the droop control was implemented in paralleled ESDs for higher capacity and autonomous operation. Under the conventional droop control, state-of-charge (SoC) errors between paralleled ESDs is inevitable in the discharging operation. Thus, some ESDs cease operation earlier than expected. This paper proposes an adaptive accelerating parameter to improve the performance of the SoC error eliminating droop controller under the constraints of a microgrid. The SoC of a battery ESD is employed in the active power droop coefficient, which could eliminate the SoC error during the discharging process. In addition, to expedite the process of SoC error elimination, an adaptive accelerating parameter is dedicated to weaken the adverse effect of the constraints due to the requirement of the system running. Moreover, the stability and feasibility of the proposed control strategy are confirmed by small-signal analysis. The effectiveness of the control scheme is validated by simulation and experiment results.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2003

일반적으로 다중경로는 무선통신에서 불필요한 특징을 나타낸다. 따라서 이러한 영향을 극복하기 위하여 다이버시티 수신이나 적응 어레이 기법이 제안되었다. 최근에는 스펙트럼 효율과 링크 신뢰도를 증가시키기 위해 MIMO 기법이 산란 무선 채널에서 다중경로를 이용하기 위해 고안되었다. 본 논문에서는 경로 상관 페이딩 채널에서 MIMO Multi-Carrier CDMA 시스템의 채널 용량을 평가한다. 그리고 MIMO 시스템의 채널 용량을 SISO 시스템의 채널 용량과 비교한다. 결과로부터 경로 상관을 갖는 MIMO Multi-Carrier CDMA 시스템은 SISO 시스템의 채널 용량에 비하여 우수함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2003

본 논문은 기지국 배열 안테나를 이용하여 전파음영 환경 하에서 MCGM 알고리즘과 전력제어 오차에 따른 cdma2000 셀룰러 시스템의 역방향 링크에 대한 성능을 분석한다. 블록킹 확률을 배열 파라미터와 $E_{b/}$ $N_{0}$ 및 간섭통계를 이용하여 유도하고 특정한 블록킹 확률에서의 시스템 용량을 계산한다. 1 %의 블록킹 확률, 전력제어 오차 2 dB, 배열 안테나 소자 수 M=2, 4, 8, 12에서 cdma2000 시스템과 IS-95 시스템의 사용자 수는 각각 21, 40, 75, 110명과 9, 17, 30, 44명으로 나타나, cdma2000 시스템이 IS-95 시스템에 비해 2.3~2.5배의 용량 증가를 보였다.다.다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권6A호
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• pp.623-630
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 하향 링크의 수신기 복잡도를 증가시키지 않으면서도 하향 링크 시스템 용량을 증가시키기 위해서, OFDM 시스템에서 SFBC(Space-frequency Block Code) 전송 다이버시터와 사전등화 기법을 적용한 적응 변조 방식을 제안하고 분석하였다. OFDM 시스템에서 SFBC 전송 다이버시터와 결합해서 적응 변조를 사용하면 시스템 용량이 크게 증가하게 된다. 하지만, 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩을 겪는 경우 심볼 간 간섭의 발생으로 인해 시스템 성능이 저하되게 된다. 이 경우, 본 논문에서는 부채널 간의 그룹핑을 통하여 인접 부채널 간 그룹별사전 등화기를 적용함으로써, 적응형 변조방식의 효율을 높일 수 있는 알고리듬을 제안하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 제안된 시스템이 시변 다중 경로 환경에서 기존의 기술보다 더 좋은 시스템 성능과 용량을 가짐을 확인하고, 심각한 주파수 선택적 페이딩을 겪는 채널 환경에서도 제안한 사전 등화기를 사용해 시스템 성능을 유지할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2000

Parallel manipulator is suitable for the high precise task because it than has higher stiffness, larger load capacity and more excellent precision, due to the closed-lop structure, than serial manipulator. But the controller design for parallel manipulator is difficult because the parallel manipulator has both the complexity of structure and the interference of actuators. The precision improvement of parallel manipulator using a classical linear control scheme is difficult because the parallel manipulator has the tough nonlinear characteristics. In this paper, firstly, the kinematic analysis of a parallel manipulator used at the experiments is performed so as to show the controllability. The analysis of internal singular configuration of the workspace is performed using the kinematic isotropic index so a sto show the limitation of control performance of a simple linear controller with fixed control gains. Secondly, a control scheme is designed by using an adaptive fuzzy logic controller so that active joints of the parallel manipulator track more precisely the desired input trajectory. This adaptive fuzzy logic controller so that active joints of the parallel manipulator track more precisely the desired input trajectory. This adaptive fuzzy logic controller is often used for the control of nonlinear system because it has both the inference ability and the learning ability. Lastly, the effeciency of designed control scheme is demonstrated by the real-time control experiments with IBM PC interface logic H/W and S/W of my won making. The experimental results was a success.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.632-639
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• 2012

Ad-hoc 네트워크는 음영 지역, 재난 지역, 전쟁 시와 같은 통신 인프라가 구축되기 어려운 상황에서 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 그러나 음성 및 데이터 서비스 등과 같은 무선 서비스의 제공을 위해 많은 양의 네트워크 용량이 필요하게 되지만, 기존의 제한된 주파수 자원에 따른 주파수 부족 상황 및 주파수 자원 정책의 규제에 따라 원활한 주파수 사용이 어려운 상황이다. 이에 따라 높은 주파수 활용을 제공하는 인지 무선 시스템을 ad-hoc 네트워크에 적용하여 보다 다양하고 확장된 네트워크 서비스를 제공할 수 있다. 하지만 기존 스펙트럼 센싱에 있어 임계치가 정적으로 작용하므로 detection probability가 낮게 검출되는 단점이 있다. 이러한 점을 보완하여 신호들의 detection probability를 향상시키기 위해 adaptive threshold를 이용할 것이다. 본 논문에서는 동적인 임계치를 이용하여 수신 신호의 power에 따라 임계치가 변화하여 신호들의 detection probability를 향상시키는 센싱 성능을 보여 준다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제8호
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• pp.65-83
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• 2004

In modern society, the enterprises or the public organization have devised consistent means and methods with keen competition in high intelligence, high specialization and high competition for surviving in the struggle for existence. In the rapidly changing modern society like that, guard services are not free any more in the simple business. It will be survived only with consistent self-development and various abilities. Recently, it is on a trend that the enterprise including venture business requires the man of ability having many-sided thought, knowledge and capacity. That is, the era of a man with multi-function has come. The guards engaged in their present posts have to make efforts self-development consistently. And they have to work for self-development with theoretical knowledge acquirement about the expert knowledge escaping from simple function and business. The constitution including universities that train the guard should not adjust to the demand of quantitative manpower required in the enterprise organization with the training of the guard with simple functions only. It needs settlement as a curriculum with technology like ideology and knowledge breaking from short curriculum centered on function only in order to come to stay the recognition about guard services as expert services that the industrial society requires. The education centered on simple function should be replaced in the use of a high school, private academy and special guard institution. In addition, it requires a quality as the auxiliary, division, decision-making and spokesman according to the business role. Also, it requires the martial arts capacity, the communicative capacity, the sports or reports capacity, the guard driving capacity, the policy and assistant capacity and the information and analysis capacity, etc in individual. Lastly, it need each guard's change of cognition most of all. As part of the guard's adaptive plan according to the social change, it was enumerated like the mentioned above. It is important for the guard to prepare for the change of era and to build up quality and capacity before anything else.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.271-284
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• 2017

This paper presents a multimodal adaptive nonlinear static method of analysis that, differently from the nonlinear static methods suggested in seismic codes, does not require the definition of the equivalent Single-Degree-Of-Freedom (SDOF) system to evaluate the seismic response of structures. First, the proposed method is formulated for the assessment of r.c. plane frames and then it is extended to 3D framed structures. Furthermore, the proposed nonlinear static approach is re-elaborated as a displacement-based design method that does not require the use of the behaviour factor and takes into account explicitly the plastic deformation capacity of the structure. Numerical applications to r.c. plane frames and to a 3D framed structure with inplan irregularity are carried out to illustrate the attractive features as well as the limitations of the proposed method. Furthermore, the numerical applications evidence the uncertainty about the suitability of the displacement demand prediction obtained by the nonlinear static methods commonly adopted.