• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.194-205
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• 2017

A redundantly actuated planar 3-degree-of-freedom parallel mechanism is analyzed to show its high application potential as a haptic device. Its structure along with the closed form forward position solutions is briefly discussed. Then its geometric and kinematic characteristics via singularity analysis, the kinematic isotropy index, and the input-output force transmission ratio are investigated both for the redundantly actuated cases and for the non-redundantly actuated case. In addition, comparative joint torque simulations of the mechanism with different number of redundant actuations as well as without redundant actuation are conducted to confirm the improved joint torque distribution characteristics. Through these analyses it is shown that the geometric and kinematic characteristics of the redundantly actuated mechanism are superior to the ones of the mechanism without redundant actuation. Thus, it can be concluded that the suggested planar mechanism with redundant actuation has a very high potential for haptic device applications.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2006

본 논문은 선형 전기모터가 유압밸브 스풀(valve spool)을 직접 움직이는 직접구동밸브 (DDV: direct drive valve) 방식 유압서보 엑츄에이터의 제어 및 고장 모니터링에 관한 것이다. 유압서보 구동장치는 밸브 스풀을 통한 유량 흐름 특성으로 인하여 비선형 운동 특성을 갖게 된다. DDV 구동장치에 관한 비선형 운동 모델을 제시하고, 이를 선형화 시켜 DDV 구동장치의 제어계 및 고장 감지계 설계에 유용하게 사용될 수 있는 단순화된 선형 모델을 제시하였다. 한편, 조종면 구동 엑츄에이터가 만족시켜야 하는 성능 그리고 안전 작동에 관한 요구조건에 대하여 논의한 후, 이를 만족시키기 위한 제어계 및 고장 감지계의 구조에 대한 논의를 한다. 3중의 다중화 구조를 갖는 유압 DDV 구동장치의 운동 특성을 해석할 수 있는 수치해석 모델이 개발되었다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2006

본 논문은 유압 공급 면에서는 2중으로 전기제어 면에서는 3중으로 다중화된 DDV 구동장치에 대한 구동전류 고장 모니터 설계에 관한 논문이다. 다중화된 신호들 가운데 어느 한 채널에 고장이 발생한다면, 이 신호는 정확히 감지되어야 하고, 시기적절하게 제거되어야 하며, 남겨진 정상채널들은 그 기능이 재조정되어야 한다. 조종면 구동장치의 고장 모니터 설계는 비행체 역학, 비행제어법칙, 그리고 유압 구동장치 운동특성이 모두 고려된 통합적 관점에서 수행되어야 한다. MIL-F-8785C에서 규정하고 있는 고장에 따른 비행체 천이 응답 요구조건으로부터 조종면 구동장치의 고장이탈 한계를 결정하는 설계 방법이 제시되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.189-206
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• 2012

This paper focuses on the actuation system combined with a piezoelectric transducer and an electric circuit, which leads to a new insight; the electric actuation system is equivalent to mechanical variable-stiffness actuation systems. By controlling the switch in the circuit, the electric status of the piezoelectric transducer is changed, and consequently a variable-stiffness mechanism is achieved on the electric actuator. This proposed actuator features a shift in the equilibrium point of force, while conventional electrically-induced variable-stiffness actuators feature the variation of the stiffness value. We intensively focus on the equilibrium shift in the actuation system, which has been neglected. The stiffness of the variable-stiffness actuator is periodically modulated by controlling the switch, to suppress the vibration of the system in an open-loop way. It is proved that this electric actuator is equivalent to its mechanical counterpart, and that the electrical version has some practical advantages over the mechanical one. Furthermore, another kind of electrically-induced variable-stiffness actuator, using an energy-recycling mechanism is also discussed from the viewpoint of open-loop vibration control. Extensive numerical simulations provide comprehensive assessment on both electrically-induced variable-stiffness actuators employed for open-loop vibration control.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1995년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automation Control Conference, 10th (KACC); Seoul, Korea; 23-25 Oct. 1995
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• pp.219-222
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• 1995

This paper presents a control law of multiple actuation servo systems. Multiple actuation systems have an ability to solve some difficult engineering problems; Coulomb friction, backlash, and disturbance. This fact is shown by basic experiments as well as theoretical analysis. The proposed control strategy remarkably improves the performance comparing with conventional single actuation systems.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.85-92
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• 2012

Flows over a square cylinder with and without plasma actuation are numerically investigated to see whether plasma actuation can effectively modify vortex shedding from the cylinder and reduce the drag and lift fluctuations. In this study, a plasma synthetic jet actuator is mounted on the rear side of cylinder as a means of direct-wake control. The effect of plasma actuation is considered by adding a momentum forcing term in the Navier-Stokes equations. Results show that the reduction of mean drag and lift fluctuations is obtained for both steady and unsteady actuation. However, the steady actuation is better than the unsteady one in terms of mean drag as well as drag fluctuations. With the strong steady actuation considered, the interaction of two separating shear layers from rear corners is effectively weakened due to the interference of synthetic jets. It results in a merging of synthetic-jet and shear-layer vortices and the increase of vortex shedding frequency. On the other hand, the unsteady actuation generates pulsating synthetic jets in the near wake, but it does not change the vortex shedding frequency for the actuation frequencies considered in this study.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 발사체에 적용하는 전기-유압식 추력벡터제어 구동장치시스템의 합성공진 현상에 대한 해석 연구결과를 기술한다. 합성공진 현상은 위치서보 구동장치시스템을 유연한 발사체 기체구조체 지지부에 장착하였을 때 발생한다. 이는 관성부하를 갖는 전기-유압식 위치서보 시스템의 유압공진 현상과 유연한 기체구조체 지지부의 구조공진 현상의 합성에 의하여 발생한다. 합성공진 현상은 발사체 제어시스템에 의하여 되먹임 및 증폭되어 안정성을 악화시킬 수 있다. 이와 같은 현상을 정확하게 예측 및 분석할 수 있는 비선형 모델을 개발하였으며 이에 기반을 둔 합성공진 억제 특성이 우수한 동적 압력 되먹임(dynamic pressure feedback) 제어기법을 개발하였다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.711-730
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• 2014

In this paper the system dynamic influences in actuators with variable stiffness as contemporary used in robotics for safety and efficiency reasons are investigated. Therefore, different configurations of serial and parallel elasticities are modeled by dynamic equations and linearized transfer functions. The latter ones are used to identify the characteristic behavior of the different systems and to study the effect of the different elasticities. As such actuation concepts are often used to reach energy-efficient operation, a power consumption analysis of the configurations is performed. From the comparison of this with the system dynamics, strategies to select and control stiffness are derived. Those are based on matching the natural frequencies or antiresonance modes of the actuation system to the frequency of the trajectory. Results show that exclusive serial and parallel elasticity can minimize power consumption when tuning the system to the natural frequencies. Antiresonance modes are an additional possibility for stiffness control in the series elastic setup. Configurations combining both types of elasticities do not provide further advantages regarding power reduction but an input parallel elasticity might enable for more versatile stiffness selection. Yet, design and control effort increase in such solutions. Topologies incorporating output parallel elasticity showed not to be beneficial in the chosen example but might do so in specific applications.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2017

This paper presents a new nonmechanical rehabilitation system driven by magnetic force. Typically, finger rehabilitation mechanisms are complex mechanical systems. The proposed method allows wireless operation, a simple configuration, and easy installation on the hand for active actuation by magnetic force. The system consists of a driving coil, driving magnets (M1), and auxiliary magnets (M2 and M3), respectively, at the finger, palm, and the center of coil. The magnets and the driving coil produce three magnetic forces for an active motions of the finger. During active actuations, magnetic attractive forces between M1 and M2 or between M1 and M3 enhance the flexion/extension motions. The proposed system simply improves the extension motion of the finger using a magnetic system. In this system, the maximum force and angular variation of the extension motion were 0.438 N and $49^{\circ}$, respectively. We analyzed the magnetic interaction in the system and verified finger's active actuation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.456-465
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• 2003

It is well-known that bio-systems does not calculate inverse dynamics for trajectory planning, but they move by proper modulation of system impedances. Inspired by bio-systems, a biomimetic trajectory planning method is proposed in this work. This scheme is based on employment of redundant actuation which prevails in bio-systems. We discuss that for the generation of the biomimetic trajectory, intelligent structure of bio-systems plays an important role. Redundant actuation and kinematic redundancy fall into such a category of intelligent structure. The proposed biomimetic trajectory planning modulates the complete dynamic behavior such as natural frequencies and damping ratios by using the intelligent structure. Experimental work is illustrated to show the effectiveness of the proposed biomimetic trajectory planning for a five-bar mechanism with redundant actuators.