• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2012년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.527-535
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• 2012

This paper reports the active vibration control of plates using positive position feedback controller (PPF). The equations of motion of the plate under force and moment pairs were derived and the equations of PPF controllers were formulated. The effect of the parameters - gain and damping ratio - of the PPF controllers on the open loop transfer function was investigated mainly in terms of the system stability. Increasing the gain of the PPF controller tuned at a mode, the magnitude of the open loop transfer function is increased at all frequencies without changing the phase behavior. The increase of the damping ratio of the PPF controller leads to decrease the magnitude of the open loop transfer function and to modify its phase characteristics to be more stable. Two PPF controllers connected in parallel, Each PPF controller is tuned at the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ modes, respectively. Their parameters were determined to remain the system to be stable based on the results of the parametric study. A significant reduction in vibration at the 2 modes can be obtained.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.83-90
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• 1999

제어이론분야에서의 발전은 그러한 이론을 다방면으로 응요할 수 있는 분야를 더더욱 폭넓게 제공해 주고 있다. 자동화와 관련된 분야뿐만 아니라, 건축 및 토목분야에서도 고도의 제어어이론을 응용한 예를 쉽게 접할 수 있게 되었으며, 지진동에 의한 구조물의 진동을 억제하려는 방책이 그 ??ㅣ다. 이에 관한 많은 연구에서도 알 수 있듯이, 일반적으로 구조물의 수학적 모델에만 의존하여, 즉 구조물의 설계파라미터는 이미 설계되어져 있다는 가정하에 제어계를 설계하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 설계법에 있어서는 설계자로 하여금 구조물의 설계파라미터를 조정할 수 있는 자유도는 전혀 주어지지 않게 되며 단지 제어계의 파라미터를 조정하는 자유도만 허용된다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 구조계 및 제어기의 설계파라미터를 동시에 조절할 수 있는 자유도가 허용되는 '구조계/제어계의 동시 최적화' 기법이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 교량의 주탑 및 해양구조물 등의 진동제어 문제에 이러한 설계기법을 이용하여 주어진 설계사양을 만족하도록 구조계 및 제어계의 파라미터를 최적화 한다. 특히 본 논문에서는 제어계 설계 문제에 있어서의 일반적인 경우를 고려하여 상태의 일부가 관측된다고 가정하고 출력피드백의 경우에 대해 고찰하고 있다. 이때의 설계사양은 선형행렬부등식(LMI)으로 주어지며, 실험을 통하여 본 논문에서 소개하는 설계기법의 유효성을 검증한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.643-648
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• 2003

The problem considered in this paper is that the tip position of a flexible cantilever beam is controlled to follow a command signal, using a pair of piezoelectric actuators at the clamped end. The beam is lightly damped and so the natural transient response is rather long, and also since the sensor and actuator are not collocated, the plant response is non-minimum phase. Two control strategies were investigated. The first involved conventional PID control in which the feedback gains were adjusted to give the fastest closed-loop response to a step input. The second control strategy was based on an internal model control (IMC) architecture. The control filter in the IMC controller was a digital FIR device designed to minimize the expectation of the mean square tracking error. The IMC controller designed fur the beam was found to have very much reduced settling times to a step input compared with those of the PID controller.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.368-373
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• 2003

This paper presents a study of low frequencies volume velocity vibration control of a smart panel in order to reduce sound transmission. A distributed piezoelectric quadratically shaped polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer film is used as a uniform force actuator and an array of 4$\times$4 accelerometer is used as a volume velocity sensor for the implementation of a single-input single-output con rot system. The theoretical and experimental study of sensor-actuator frequency response function sho vs that this sensor-actuator arrangement provides a required strictly positive real frequency response function below about 900Hz. Direct velocity feedback could therefore be implemented with a limited gain which gives reductions of about 15㏈ in vibration level and about 8 ㏈ in acoustic power level at the (1, 1) mode of the smart Panel. It has been also shown that the shaping error of PVDF actuator could limit he stability and performance of the control system.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2006

능동 머플러는 스피커를 이용하여 배기 소음과 크기는 같으나 위상이 반대인 상쇄 소음을 발생시켜 소음을 제거하기 때문에 엔진 속도의 변화나 음향특성의 변화에 빠르게 적응할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 안정도를 강화한 다중채널 적응 IIR 필터를 제안하고 이를 이용한 능동형 머플러를 구현하였다. 일반적으로 적응 IIR 필터는 차수에 비해 성능이 좋으나 안정성에 문제가 있기 때문에 능동소음제어 시스템의 작동 초기에 안정도를 개선하는 전처리 과정을 수행하였다. 자동차 머플러를 수학적으로 모델링하고 가솔린과 디젤 자동차의 엔진소음을 측정, 분석하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 안정도를 강화한 다중채널 IIR 필터를 이용한 능동소음제어의 유용성을 확인하였고 자동차 배기관을 모형화한 머플러를 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2003년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.446-451
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• 2003

This paper presents some examples of active control of flow-induced vibration using piezoelectric actuators. The flutter phenomenon, which is the dynamic instability of structure due to mutual interaction among inertia, stiffness, and aerodynamic forces, may cause catastrophic structural failure, and therefore the active flutter suppression is one of the main objectives of the aeroelastic control. Active flutter control has been numerically and experimentally studied for swept-back lifting surfaces using piezoelectric actuation. A finite element method, a panel aerodynamic method, and the minimum state space realization are involved in the development of the governing equation, which is efficiently used for the analysis of the system and design of control laws with modern control framework. The active control suppressed flow-induced vibrations and extended the flutter speed around by 10%. Another representative flow-induced vibration phenomenon is the oscillation of blunt bodies due to the vortex shedding. In general, it is quite difficult to set up the numerical model because of the strong non-linearity of the vortex shedding structure. Therefore, we applied adaptive positive position feedback controller, which requires no pre-determined model of the plant, and successfully suppressed the flow-induced vibration.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.353-354
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• 2014

An active vibration control technique of a time-varying cantilever beam is proposed in this study. A simple in-house coil sensor instead of expensive commercial sensors was used to measure the vibrational displacement of the beam. Active band pass filters and artificial neutral net works detect the frequencies, amplitudes, and phases of the main vibration mode. The time constants of the low pass filter representing the positive position feedback controller are updated in real-time, which generates the control voltage input to actuate the piezoelectric actuator and suppress the vibration. An experiment was successfully performed to verify the algorithm for a cantilever beam, which fundamental natural frequency arbitrarily varies between 9 Hz ~ 18 Hz. The present active vibration suppression technique can be applied to variety of structures which undergoes large variation of dynamic characteristics while operating.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.365-378
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• 2011

Piezo-based active structural health monitoring (SHM) requires amplifiers specifically designed for capacitive loads. Moreover, with the increase in number of applications of wireless SHM systems, energy efficiency and cost reduction for this type of amplifiers is becoming a requirement. General lab grade amplifiers are big and costly, and not built for outdoor environments. Although some piezoceramic power amplifiers are available in the market, none of them are specifically targeting the wireless constraints and low power requirements. In this paper, a piezoceramic transducer amplifier for wireless active SHM systems has been designed. Power requirements are met by two digital On/Off switches that set the amplifier in a standby state when not in use. It provides a stable ${\pm}180$ Volts output with a bandwidth of 7k Hz using a single 12 V battery. Additionally, both voltage and current outputs are provided for feedback control, impedance check, or actuator damage verification. Vibration control tests of an aluminum beam were conducted in the University of Houston lab, while wireless active SHM tests of a wind turbine blade were performed in the Harbin Institute of Technology wind tunnel. The results showed that the developed amplifier provided equivalent results to commercial solutions in suppressing structural vibrations, and that it allows researchers to perform active wireless SHM on moving objects with no power wires from the grid.

• 영어영문학
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• 제57권6호
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• pp.977-998
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate prospective teachers' perceptions of the peer review comments readily available to them during the writing process in a teacher training class. Given these needs, we employ a qualitative method of inquiry giving voice to the learner's own view of peer feedback. The data we wish to consider is first-person narratives elicited from four EFL college students, who are prospective teachers of English. With regard to the EFL students' narrative considered here, all were attentive to the feedback they received. Moreover, the way in which these EFL writers talk about peer response activity reflects that they still welcome peer feedback because of the benefits to be accrued from it. Although this study, covering only four EFL students in total, can hardly be considered conclusive, we attempt to offer a synthesis of their stories. First of all, students indicate that they received responses from "authentic readers" (Mittan 1989, 209). We do note, consequently, that students gain a clear understanding of readers' needs by receiving feedback on what they did well and on what seems unclear. Perhaps the greater effect of peer feedback claimed by these students is that they take active roles in utilizing peer comments. Since they feel uncertain about the validity of their classmates' responses, students feel that they have autonomy over their own text and can make their own decisions on whether they should accept their peer comments or not. This contrasts with their treatment of teacher comments that they accept begrudgingly even if they disagree with them. Four EFL writers talked a lot, typically in a positive way, about peer response to their writing, yet they have expressed reservations about the extent to which they should put any credence in comments offered by their fellow students. Perhaps this is because their fellow students are still developing writers and EFL learners. In turn, they were sometimes reluctant to accept the peers' comments. Thus, in EFL contexts, L1 use can be suggested during peer feedback sessions. In particular, we have come to feel that L1 use enables both reviewers and receivers to have more productive peer review experiences. Additionally, we need to train students not "to see peer feedback as potentially bad advice" (Silva et al. 2003, 111). Teachers should focus on training students to utilize their peers' comments. Without such training, students will either ignore feedback or fail to use it constructively.

• 센서학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.413-419
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• 2012

A dynamic range extension technique is proposed based on a 3-transistor active pixel sensor (APS) with gate/body-tied p-channel metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (PMOSFET)-type photodetector using a feedback structure. The new APS consists of a pseudo 3-transistor APS and an additional gate/body-tied PMOSFET-type photodetector, and to extend the dynamic range, an NMOSFET switch is proposed. An additional detector and an NMOSFET switch are integrated into the APS to provide negative feedback. The proposed APS and pseudo 3-transistor APS were designed and fabricated using a $0.35-{\mu}m$ 2-poly 4-metal standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) process. Afterwards, their optical responses were measured and characterized. Although the proposed pixel size increased in comparison with the pseudo 3-transistor APS, the proposed pixel had a significantly extended dynamic range of 98 dB compared to a pseudo 3-transistor APS, which had a dynamic range of 28 dB. We present a proposed pixel that can be switched between two operating modes depending on the transfer gate voltage. The proposed pixel can be switched between two operating modes depending on the transfer gate voltage: normal mode and WDR mode. We also present an imaging system using the proposed APS.