• 대한환경공학회지
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.1253-1261
• /
• 2000

천연유기물질은 지표수와 지하수내 탁도를 유발하고 humic (humic acid와 fulvic acid)과 nonhumic 성분으로 구성된다. 일반적으로 NOM은 소독부산물(DBP) 전구물질로써 수처리시 관심의 대상이 된다. 원수의 특성은 정수공정의 선택과 적용에 중요한 정보를 제공한다. 수원에 따른 NOM의 상당한 차이가 다양한 원수들 사이에서 관찰되었고, 문제시되는 NOM을 제거하고 전환시키기 위한 목적으로 정수공정을 적용한다. 본 연구의 결과, 산화처리에 의해 전체 DOC 농도의 변화는 거의 없었지만, 고분자의 소수성 물질이 저분자의 친수성 물질로 전환되었고, 염소보다 오존의 경우 그 산화력의 차이 때문에 SUVA 값의 감소가 더 크게 나타났다. 응집처리에 의해 hydrophilic 성분보다 분자량이 더 큰 hydrophobic 성분이 응집 침전되어 훨씬 잘 제거되었다. THMFP는 50% 정도까지 제거되었는데, 이것은 상대적으로 THMFP를 잘 유발시킨다는 humic acid 성분의 제거가 원활하게 일어났기 때문이다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.209-216
• /
• 2007

To investigate the applicability as the functional food materials of germinated Glycine max Merr soybeans, its biochemical characteristics and its abilities to inhibit platelet aggregation and hydrolyze alcohol were examined. With the progression of germination time, crude protein content gradually increased, and on the 5th day of germination it was 30.19%. However, crude fat content tended to decrease, and on the 5th day of germination it was 14.30%. Total amino acid content was highest on the 3rd day of germination at 80,875 mg%. The free amino acid content doubled from day 0 of germination (1,273.35 mg%) until the 5th day of germination (2,742.99 mg%). Fatty acid analysis revealed that linoleic acid was highest among all the samples, ranging from $53.55{\sim}56.00%$. Linolenic acid content slightly increased as the germination period was prolonged. The ability to inhibit platelet aggregation increased according to the germination period and then decreased again on the 5th day of germination; it was somewhat higher in the ethanol fraction. In measuring ADH, we found that the activity of the ethanol fraction increased with increasing days of germination. In the case of the water fraction, the activity decreased as germination was prolonged, and the ADH activity of the water fraction was higher than that of the ethanol fraction. Based on the above results, we deemed that the Glycine max Merr soybeans germinated for $2{\sim}3$ days were most pertinent for use as functional food materials.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.325-331
• /
• 2008

The propose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of 80% ethanol extracts and various solvent fractions of dandelion (Taraxacmn officinale) leaves and roots, Total phenolics and phenolic acid contents were also examined. The total phenol content of leaves and roots were $7.9{\pm}0.4%$ and $9.4{\pm}0.3%$ respectively. Eight phenolic acids were separated by GC, among which caffeic acid (113.7 mg%)and m-coumaric acid (152.6 mg) were the dominant phenolic acids in leaves and roots, respectively. Amongst solvent functions of leaves and roots, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest radical scavenging activity. A strong correlation was found between total phenol content and electron-donating ability, and ABTS radical scavenging activity showed a similar trend as electron-donating ability. Hydroxyl-radical-scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation were significantly higher in the ethyl acetate fraction than other factions. In particular, the SOD-like activity was highest (43.6%) in the ethyl acetate fraction of dandelion leaves, and was higher than that of trolox. Thus, the ethyl acetate fraction of dandelion leaves exhibited significant phenol content, antioxidant activity, and free-radical-scavenging effects.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.693-702
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to develop a commercially viable method for synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) using the linoleic acid fraction obtained from six pork by-products (liver, lung, heart, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine). The workflow of CLA synthesis from each by-product was as follows: washing${\rightarrow}$crude fat extraction${\rightarrow}$fractionation into saturated and unsaturated fatty acids${\rightarrow}$repeat unsaturated fatty acid fractionation${\rightarrow}$CLA synthesis. Cis-9, trans-11, and trans-10, cis-12 CLA was synthesized from pork by-products. The yield of CLA synthesis of pork by-products ranged from 1.55 to 11.18 g per 100 g of by-products. The amount of synthesized CLA was the highest in the small intestine and large intestine by-products. Fractionation of pork by-products nearly doubled the yield of CLA. We suggest that commercial fractionation methods could increase the yield of CLA at low cost, reduce waste, and improve the efficiency of by-product utilization.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제40권4호
• /
• pp.462-467
• /
• 1996

Forsythiae Fructus was studied on cytotoxic activities for the purpose of finding out active consituents against L1210 and HL60 cells. To isolate the active ones, the methanolic extract was partitioned into water insoluble and water soluble fractions. Furthermore, the water soluble fraction was fractionated into four parts, n-hexane, benzene, ethylacetate and water fractions. Among these, the water insoluble fraction showed the most potent cytotoxic activities on L1210 and HL60 cells in vitro. The water insoluble fraction was applied to silica gel column chromatography and divided into 5 fractions(fr. 1-5). The active constituents I and II were isolated from fr.2 and 3, respectively, by repeated silica gel column chromatography and recrystallization. The constituents were identified as 3${\beta}$-acetylbetulinic acid and betulinic acid by means of physicochemical data. The $ED_{50}$ values of 3${\beta}$-acetylbetulinic acid and betulinic acid were 9.10 and 16.43${\mu}g$/ml against L1210 cells and 2.72 and 2.41${\mu}g$/ml against HL60 cells, respectively.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.79-83
• /
• 1991

The extracts of Quercisemen(Quereus acutissima Carruthers seed) powder was obtained by the extraction with distilled water, water : acetonet(1:1, v/v), ethanol and ethyl ether, respectively. As a result this experiment, the antioxidative activity of each solvent extracts on linoleic acid were examined as follows: 1. Each fraction extracted by the acetone : water(1:1, v/v), water and ethanol respectively showed high antioxidative activity. 2. A fraction of the tannin extracted from the solvent, acetone, water(1:1, v/v) showed even more antioxidative activity than that of the ${\alpha}$-tocopherol or BHT. 3. Acceleration of peroxide reaction by $Fe^{++}$ and $Cu^{++}$ on the linoleic acid was strongly inhibited by adding the tannin, 4. Organic acid, such as malic acid, citiric acid and tartaric acid with the tannin were showed the synergistic effect fo the antioxidation reaction.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제33권4호
• /
• pp.647-657
• /
• 2016

본 연구에서는 하고초(Prunella vulgaris L.)의 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획 및 아글리콘 분획을 대상으로 항산화 활성과 유효성분 분석 연구를 수행하였다. 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)를 이용한 자유라디칼 소거활성($FSC_{50}$)은 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획 및 아글리콘 분획에서 각각 $15.25{\mu}g/mL$, $8.68{\mu}g/mL$ 및 $8.25{\mu}g/mL$이었다. Luminol 발광법을 이용한 $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$계에서 생성된 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)에 대한 하고초 추출물의 총항산화능($OSC_{50}$)은 50% 에탄올 추출물, 에틸아세테이트 분획 및 아글리콘 분획에서 각각 $4.68{\mu}g/mL$, $1.00{\mu}g/mL$ 및 $1.02{\mu}g/mL$이었다. $^1O_2$로 유도된 적혈구 세포손상에 대한 보호효과는 $1{\sim}25{\mu}g/mL$의 농도에서 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고, 특히 $25{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 아글리콘 분획의 ${\tau}_{50}$이 337.9 min으로 높은 세포 보호 활성을 나타내었다. 이는 대표적인 항산화 물질로 알려진 (+)-${\alpha}$-tocopherol (${\tau}_{50}=38.7$ 분)보다도 9배나 큰 세포 보호 효과를 나타냄을 알았다. 실험에 사용된 하고 초 추출물의 에틸아세테이트 분획과 아글리콘 분획에 대하여 TLC와 HPLC를 이용한 성분 분석을 수행하였다. 에틸아세테이트 분획에서는 caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, quercetin 3-${\beta}$-D-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, astragalin (kaempferol-3-O-glucoside)을 확인하였다. 아글리콘 분획에서는 caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, quercetin 및 kaempferol이 존재함을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과들로부터, 하고초 추출물 및 분획물은 $^1O_2$ 또는 ROS를 소거함으로써 세포막을 보호할 수 있는 천연 항산화제로서 화장품 분야에서 응용이 가능함을 시사하였다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.74-83
• /
• 2020

In this study, the effect of hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations on removal efficiency and chemical forms of heavy metals in dredged sediment during acid washing was investigated. The removal efficiencies of Zn, Cu, Pb, Ni and Cd by acid washing were 18.4-92.4%, 7.2-83.7%, 9.4-75%, 8.1-53.4% and 34.4-70.8%, respectively. Overall, the removal efficiencies of heavy metals were remarkably enhanced with the increase of the acid strength. However, the removal efficiencies for 0.5 and 1.0 M HCl were comparable, and both cases met the Korean soil contamination standard. Based on the sequential extraction results, concentration of the exchangeable fraction (F1), the most labile fraction, increased whereas concentrations of the other fractions decreased with increasing acid strength. Particularly, the carbonate (F2) and Fe/Mn oxides (F3) fractions drastically decreased by using 0.5 M or 1.0 M HCl. The current study results verified that acid washing could effectively reduce heavy metal concentrations and its potential mobility in dredged sediments. However, the study also found that acid washing may cause significant increase in bioavailable fraction of heavy metals, suggesting the need to evaluate the changes in chemical forms of heavy metals by acid washing when determining the acid strength to be applied.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 1999

This study was devised to observe the antitumor activity of mugwort (Artemisia princeps Pampan.) against ICR mice inoculated with sarcoma-180 cells. The antitumor compounds were partially purified from petroleum ether extract of mugwort by silicic acid column chromatography. The active fraction used in in vivo test was obtained under the elution with acetone in silicic acid column chromatography. When the acetone fraction was intraperitoneally injected to the mice which had been subcutaneously inoculated on the left groin with sarcoma-180, the growth rate of tumor (sarcoma-180 mass) was inhibited by 30%. In case the acetone fraction was injected to the mice which had been inoculated intraperitoneally with sarcoma-180, the average life span was prolonged by 20%. After the injection of the active fraction, the spleen index and ${\gamma}-globulin$ ratio (%) were increased significantly (p<0.05). The administration of acetone fraction did not cause any abnormality in the body and the homeostasis of mice. Those observations suggest that the acetone fraction of mugwort extract has an antitumor effect in vivo.

• 미생물학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 1967

The synergistic actions of certain antimetabolic agents for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus plantarum on radiation sterilization have been studied. The used chemical agents are sorbic acid, vitamin-$K_3$, dehydroacetic acid, p-oxybutyl benzoate and nitrofurazone, those are the permitted as food preservatives. Experimental results are as following, 1) Survival fraction of yeast which was gamma-irradiated and influenced by sorbic acid or vitamin $K_3$ is much reduced than that of only irradiated respectively. 2) It seems like that the used chemicals acts synergistically on radiation sterilization. Sodium-dehydroacetate and p-oxybutyl benzoate are proved to be also synergistic but weakly. 3) Survival fraction of Lact. plantarum which was gamma-irradiated and influenced by sorbic acid, dehydroacetic acid or nitrofurazone respectively much reduced than that of only irradiated group, it can be estimated as synergistic action of chemical affected on radiation sterilization. 4) It was found that nutrient componets can affect radiation sterilization of microorganisms protectively.