• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.104-110
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• 2021

본 연구는 니파팜의 추출방법에 따른 성분 함량의 변화를 확인하기 위해 수행되어졌다. 니파팜을 에탄올 비율, 추출시간, 추출온도에 따라 추출 후 함량을 분석하였다. 추출용매 비율에 따른 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드의 함량은 50% 에탄올로 추출할 때 각각 36.91, 27.62 mg/g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 추출온도 및 추출시간에 따른 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드는 60℃에서 6시간 추출 시 각각 40.83, 37.63 mg/g로 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 니파팜의 주요성분을 에탄올 비율에 따라 함량을 분석한 결과 5-O-caffeoylshikimic acid는 70% 에탄올에서 2.08 mg/g, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid는 30% 에탄올에서 0.10 mg/g, 3,4-hydroxybenzoic acid는 50% 에탄올에서 0.12 mg/g의 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 추출방법에 따른 니파팜에 함유된 성분의 함량 변화를 통해 식품, 화장품 등 천연물 소재 개발 시 기초 연구 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.207-211
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• 2004

Predispersed solvent extraction (PDSE) of succinic acid with Tri-n-octylamine (TOA) dissolved in 1-octanol from aqueous solutions of 50 g/L succinic acid was examined. It was found that the equilibrium data in PDSE was equal to that in conventional solvent extraction in spite of the lack of mechanical mixing in PDSE. The influence of salts on succinic acid extraction and the stability of colloidal liquid aphrons (CLAs) were also investigated. Results indicated that in the presence of sodium chloride, less succinic acid was extracted by CLAs and the stability of CLAs decreased. However, the stability of CLAs was sufficient to make PDSE practically applicable to real fermentation broth, considering the concentration range of salts in the fermentation process for succinic acid.

• 분석과학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2003

LC-ICP-MS를 이용한 어류중 비소의 종분화 분석을 위해 microwave-assisted extraction과 sonication extraction 방법을 비교하였다. Ultrasonic nebulizer와 cross flow nebulizer를 사용한 비소종들의 검출한계는 유사한 결과를 보였다. 분석된 비소 종들은 arsenobetaine (AsB), arsenite [As(III)], dimethylarsine acid (DMA), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), arsenate [As(v)] 와 phenylarsonic acid (PAA) 이다. 두 가지 방법은 NRCC (National Research Council of Canada)의 표준물질인 DORM-2를 50% 메탄올로 추출하였다. arsenobetaine의 경우, 두 방법 모두 5% 이하의 상대표준편차와 82% 이상의 추출효율을 보였다. Arsenobetaine은 microwave assisted extraction 방법에서 $14.18{\pm}0.42mg\;kg^{-1}$을 보였고 sonication extraction 방법에서는 $13.54 {\pm}0.84mg\;kg^{-1}$을 보였다. dimethylarsine acid (DMA)의 경우 각각 $0.45{\pm}0.06mg\;kg^{-1}$과 $0.44{\pm}0.06mg\;kg^{-1}$를 보였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.18-23
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• 2005

초산, 질산, 인산이 함유된 폐혼산으로부터 인산을 분리하여 재활용하기 위한 방법으로 용매추출법을 이용하였다. 폐혼산에서 초산과 질산을 선택적으로 분리하고, 추출 잔류액에서 인산을 회수하고자 하였다. 주요 실험 변수로는 추출제 농도, 교반시간, 교반속도 등의 변화에 따른 초산, 질산, 인산의 추출거동을 조사하였다. 또한, McCabe-Thiele diagram으로부터 초산, 질산 성분의 추출 및 탈거에 필요한 이론적 단수를 조사하였다. 실험결과 인산염계 추출제를 사용할 경우 초산과 질산을 선택적으로 분리 추출이 가능하였으며, 추출제의 함량은 유기상의 50%가 적합하였다. 교반속도와 교반시간의 영향은 크게 없었으며, 상비(A/O)=1/3, 6단에서 초산과 질산을 완전히 추출 분리하여 인산을 추출잔류액에서 회수가 가능하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.741-748
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• 2014

본 연구는 인진쑥의 광범위한 약리작용과 다양한 생리활성을 이용한 식품소재로서의 개발을 위하여 반응표면분석법에 의한 인진쑥 유효성분의 에탄올 추출특성을 모니터링 하여 최적의 추출조건을 예측하였다. 에탄올을 이용한 추출공정에서 중요변수로 추출온도($X_1$; 60, 70, 80, 90 및 $100^{\circ}C$), 추출시간($X_2$; 1, 2, 3, 4 및 5 hr) 및 에탄올 농도($X_3$; 0, 20, 40, 60 및 80%)를 각각 독립변수로 설정하였고 추출물의 품질특성 즉 가용성 고형분 함량($Y_1$), chlorogenic acid($Y_2$) 및 coumaric acid($Y_3$) 등을 종속변수로 하여 반응표면 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 고형분 함량에 대한 예측된 최적조건은 추출온도 $87.65^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 3.19시간, 에탄올 농도 42.40%이었고 chlorogenic acid는 추출온도 $84.30^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 3.14시간, 에탄올 농도 47.85%이었으며 coumaric acid는 추출온도 $83.45^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 3.40시간 및 에탄올 농도 45.39%로 나타났다. 각 변수에 대한 회귀식을 도출하여 인진쑥 추출물의 각 유효성분들에 대한 최적 추출조건을 superimposing 한 결과, 추출온도 $85{\sim}90^{\circ}C$, 추출시간 3~4시간 및 에탄올 농도 40~50%로 예측되었다. 이때 각 성분의 함량은 가용성 고형분 함량 1.09%, chlorogenic acid 25.66 mg%, coumaric acid 20.25 mg%이었다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권31호
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• pp.43-57
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• 2010

This study intends to provide quantitative data about the extraction characteristics of major elements of earthenware by executing soaking test of cleaning agents. It aims at providing basic data for the stability assessment when applying the cleaning agents for conserving earthenware. The data will be extracted from the analysis of co-relationship between the physical characteristics and the ion extraction characteristics. XRD analysis displayed that AT-1, AT-2 and AT-3 which did not generate mullite were fired at lower than 1,000 whereas AT-3 and AT-5 that included mullite were higher than 1,000. The degree of absorption was AT-4 > AT-2 > AT-1 > AT-3 > AT-5 in order and the correlation between the degree of absorption and firing temperature of earthenware displayed a positive correlation. Extraction amount of oxalic acid which was used for the removing iron oxide was AT-1 > AT-2 AT-4 > AT-3 > AT-5 in order. and the ion extraction data displayed that there is a positive correlation with absorption level. However AT-1 and AT-2 which were fired at lower temperature showed that there was no correlation between the ion extraction characteristics and absorption level. Ion extraction of citric acid produced little amount compared with the one of oxalic acid, yet it caused less damage to earthenware than oxalic acid when it applied. The result of ion extraction level in the absorption test displayed that Fe had higher level than in Si, Al from the test for both oxalic acid and citric acid. Based on the regression analysis of the data from the previous studies, the physical characteristics of the earthenware and ion extraction level, further studies will be conducted on the predicting technique on the extraction characteristics of major elements of earthenware samples for the conservation in future.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.385-392
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• 1996

The soluble solid of red pepper was extracted by water in order to investigate changes of soluble solid content by different extraction temperature $(4{\sim}90^{\circ}C)$ and time $(1/2{\sim}3\;hrs)$, and the contents of carotenoid, capsaicinoids, free sugar, organic acid, free amino acid in soluble solid were measured. Most of soluble solid in red pepper was extracted within the first 2 hrs and $93{\sim}98%$ of total soluble solid was extracted during the first 30 min. The contents of carotenoid increased by increasing extraction time and temperature, but decreased by increasing extraction time at $60^{\circ}C$ and $90^{\circ}C$. ${\beta}$-carotene content was sharply decreased after 2 hrs at $90^{\circ}C$. The content of capsaicinoid was sharply increased between 1 hr and 2 hr. Fructose and glucose in red pepper were extracted in the range of $83.8%{\sim}96.4%$ and the contents of free sugar gradually increased by increasing extraction time and temperature. The content of organic acid was gradually increased by increasing extraction time and temperature and the greatest amount of organic acid was extracted during the first 30 min of extraction time. The content of free amino acid was decreased by increasing extraction temperature.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.704-708
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• 2015

For the analysis of multiple-reaction intermediates for long-chain dicarboxylic acid biotransformation, simple and reproducible methods of extraction and derivatization were developed on the basis of gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) instead of mass spectrometry. In the derivatization step, change of the ratio of pyridine to MSTFA from 1:3 to 9:1 resulted in higher peak intensity (p = 0.021) and reproducibility (0.6%CV) when analyzing 32 g/l ricinoleic acid (RA). Extraction of RA and ω-hydroxyundec-9-enoic acid with water containing 100 mM Tween 80 showed 90.4-99.9% relative extraction efficiency and 2-7%CV compared with those with hydrophobic ethyl acetate. In conclusion, reduction of the pyridine content and change of the extraction solvent to water with Tween 80 provided compatible derivatization and extraction methods to GC-FID-based analysis of longchain carboxylic acids.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2018

To determine the optimum extraction conditions that give the highest yield of isoquercitrin and caffeic acid from Aster scaber, the effects of four extraction variables (solvent concentrations, extraction time, number of repeated extraction, and solvent volumes) on isoquercitrin and caffeic acid yield was examined via HPLC-UV. Our results showed that the highest extract and isoquercitrin yield were observed when A. scaber was extracted with 450 mL distilled water for 8 hr repeatedly for three times. In case of caffeic acid, the content was higher in the two repeated extracts. Also, content analysis of isoquercitrin in Aster species was performed in which A. fastigiatus, A. ageratoides, and A. scaber exhibited the highest isoquercitrin content at 6.39, 5.68, and 2.79 mg/g extract, respectively. In case of caffeic acid, the highest content of A. scaber and A. glehni was 0.64 and 0.56 mg/g extract, respectively. This study reports an optimized method for extraction of isoquercitrin and caffeic acid from A. scaber and evaluates potential sources of the compounds.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.753-761
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• 2016

Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) can be used for the recovery of acetic acid from black liquor prior to bioethanol fermentation. Recovery of value-added chemicals such as acetic-, formic- and lactic acid using LLE from Kraft black liquor was studied. Acetic acid and formic acid have been reported to be strong inhibitors in fermentation. The study elucidates the effect of three reaction parameters: pH (0.5~3.5), temperature ($25{\sim}65^{\circ}C$), and reaction time (24~48 min). Extraction performance using tri-n-octylphosphine oxide as the extractant was evaluated. The maximum acetic acid concentration achieved from hydrolyzates was 69.87% at $25^{\circ}C$, pH= 0.5, and 36 min. Factorial design was used to study the effects of pH, temperature, and reaction time on the maximum inhibitor extraction yield after LLE. The maximum potential extraction yield of acetic acid was 70.4% at $25.8^{\circ}C$, pH=0.6 and 37.2 min residence time.