• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.238-242
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• 1993

For the Purpose of utilizing tannins in the functional foods and crude drugs, the enzyme inhibition of tannins isolated from Korean green tea were determined. Acetone extract from Korean green tea showed inhibition effect against the angiotensin converting enzyme. The galloyl tannins showed higher inhibition activity against angioteosin converting enzyme than the nongalloyl tannins. In terms of stereo isomers, (-)-epicatechins had higher inhibition activity than the (+ )-catechins. The synergistic activity was also observed. Tannins isolated from Korean green tea appeared to be incompetitive inhibitor against the angiotensin converting enzyme.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-28
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• 1985

The extraction rate of lipids from the chopped whole fish was studied with various solvents. Factors which can influence on the extraction rate such as temperature, moisture content, agitation speed and solvent were also examined. In the early stage of extraction, it is considered that the rapid extraction was attributed to cell destruction which occurs in chopping the whole fish and in the later stage, the extraction rate was increased linearly with extraction time. The effect of agitation on the extraction rate had a great influence on the early stage of extraction. In agitation speed of 100, 200, 300 and 500 r.p.m. the slopes of extraction curve were -0.075, -0.075, -0.069 and -0.064, respectively. Extractability between hydrophilic and hydrophobic solvent showed a great difference. It is suggested that extractability difference between acetone and isopropyl alcohol is due to acetone property which can not extract phospholipids in polar lipids. Extractability of lipids was increased with increasing temperature and decreased with increasing moisture content.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1145-1148
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• 2002

Melatonin, which is a hormone secreted from pineal gland of brain and known to prevent oxidative damages of various tissues, was analyzed in 26 domestic edible plants. For the preparation of melatonin fraction, 50% ethanol extract prepared from lyophilized plant powder was filtered and applied on TLC plate. Melatonin position on TLC developed with acetone was identified by fluorescence light and extracted with methanol. This methanolic fraction was injected into HPLC comprising ODS-A column, fluorescence detector, and mobile phase consisting of a mixture (30 : 70, v/v) of 70% ammonium acetate and methanol at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Melatonin was identified at the retention time of 17 min. Results revealed that celery, leek, broccoli, and cauliflower had higher melatonin contents than others.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.17-22
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• 1979

The investigation is involved with the effect of Capsicum component on the drug metabolism. To investigate the effects of Capsicum component on, in vivo, drug metabolism in rat, Capsicum acetone extract was given intraperitoneally to mice or rats. The duration of loss of righting reflex was determined as hexobarbital sleeping time in mice. Plasma hexobarbital concentration was also measured by Brodie's method. The rats were pretreated with Capsicum extract acutely or chronically. As the results, hexobarbital sleeping time and plasma hexobarbital concentration were increased by 31.2% and 12.3% in acute study, whereas were decreased by 27.5% and 23.0% in chronic study. An attempt was made to determine if there were any influences on enzyme activities in rats pretreated with Capsicum extract chronically. Microsomal fraction was isolated from rat liver and quantity of cytochrome $P_{450}$ and $b_5$ in the microsomal fraction were determined by Omura's method. It was found that the quantity of cytochome $P_{450}$ was increased by 22.4%. The results suggest that microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme may be induced by chronic administration of Capsicum component, whereas it may be inhibited by acute administration of Capsicum component.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.296-302
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• 2003

First. the purification and analysis of alliin in garlic from different origins by alliin-HPLC determination method were studied. Allinase in garlic was inactivated by heating in boiling water followed by extraction of alliin in garlic with 80% methanol. To remove free amino acids and alliin homologs in garlic, garlic extract was separated by cation exchange column which was packed with amberlite CG-120 resin using 40L d-water as eluent. Alliin in garlic extract was crystallized in a mixture of acetone (50$^{\circ}C$)：H$_2$O：acetic acid=70:29:1 and then recrystallized in a mixture of acetone (50$^{\circ}C$)：H$_2$O：acetic acid=75:24:1. Obtained alliin was identified by melting point. TLC, microscope observation and mass spectrometry. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following pre-column derivatization of cystein derivatives with o-phthaldialdehyde/2-mercaptoethanol has succeessfully been applied to the analysis of various garlics. Each alliic of standard solution and garlic extract was derivatized to isoindole derivative by o-phthaldialdehyde /2-mercaptoethanol and then analyzed by HPLC. Six point calibration was done by using alliin peak area. Lineality was observed at 0 ∼ 1.0mg/ml of alliin concentration. Weighted regression line function was Y=6254X - 256077. By this function, alliin contents in various garlics were 0.34 ∼ 0.73% fresh weight. Second study was designed to evaluate the effects of garlic extracts of various concentrations on the growth of various pathogenes (Eubacterium limonsum, Bacteroides fragilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei, Kiebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Pserdomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli). For antimicrobial effects against microorganism, totally minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) of alliin were from 5,000 to 20,000ppm. MIC of ethanol extract were 1,250 to 10,000ppm.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.232-239
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• 1994

In order to determine the utilization of ascidian tunic, which has been blamed for problems of costal environmental pollution when discharged into the sea after being used as a natural dietary pigment sources for rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss), fingerlings were fed on experimental diets containing acetone-extracts for 6 weeks. The amounts of acetone-extracts were 11,000mg/Kg and contained 50mg/100g wet tissues of carotenoid and $6\%$ of carotenoids were astaxanthin. From the results of feeding experiments, the growth rate in the extract group was a little higher than that of the control and pink groups after 6 weeks. The redness and yellowness of the fish skin and muscle in the extract group were similar to the pink group. Therefore, acetone-extracts of ascidian tunic were judged to be a natural dietary pigment source suitable as a substitute synthetic pigment for aquaculture use.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.807-812
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• 2013

In this study, we aimed to develop a simple analysis method for measuring the carotenoids content of pepper powder. A 96-wells polystyrene microplate and an ELISA reader were used for analysis. Although ELISA reader with 450 nm filter was applicable to measure carotenoid contents, the surface of microplates were degenerated by acetone used for carotenoids extraction. However, ten-folded dilute of the color extract with methanol did not affect the surface of polystyrene microplate and components of the color extract could be successfully measured by a ELISA reader, showing a high corelation with ASTA-20.1 method. In addition, this method uses 10 fold less acetone than ASTA-20.1 method resulting less acetone waste. The microplate method using ELISA reader has potential power for analyzing a large number of samples which may be very useful to the practical breeding program for high-colored peppers.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1533-1538
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• 2007

This study was carried out to determine the inhibitory effects of solvent extracts from Sargassum hemiphyllum on growth of cancer cell lines (AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma and HT-29 human colon cancer cells) and production of lipid peroxides. Inhibitory effects of acetone with methylene chloride extract from S. hemiphyllum on the growth of AGS and HT-29 cancer cells were increased as dose dependent patterns (p<0.05). The methanol extract was more effective on inhibition of growth of AGS. The treatments of hexane, 85% aq. methanol, butanol and water fractions significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells (p<0.05) and the inhibitory effect was stronger in HT-29. In DCFH-DA (dichlorodihydrofluorescin diacetate) assay, acetone with methylene chloride and methanol extracts showed a stronger inhibitory effect on the production of cellular lipid peroxides (p<0.05) compared with the butanol and hexane fractions. These results indicate that the consumption of S. hemiphyllum may be recommended as a potent functional food for preventing cellular oxidation and cancer.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.248-253
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• 2006

The present study describes the preliminary evaluation of the cytotoxicity from Gleditsiae Semen extracts. G. Semen was extracted with methanol, ethanol, and acetone, and then cytotoxic effect of these extracts was measured by the MTT reduction assay and phase-contrast microscopy on the HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. Among these extracts, methanol extract showed the highest cytotoxic activity on the HT-29 cells. The methanol extract was further fractionated with n-hexane, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and water layer according to the degree of polarity. The water layer showed the highest inhibitory activity on the growth of HT-29 cells, but the other fractions indicated the low cytotoxic activity. In addition, water layer also showed the cytotoxic activity against SW620 human colon carcinoma cells. Based on these results, we suggest that extracts of G. Semen may contain bioactive materials and are potential candidates as chemotherapeutic agents against human colon carcinoma cells.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.228-232
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• 2005

In this study, Artemisia mongolica fischer extract was examined for its possible differential inhibitory activity against pathogenic bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus and Lactobacillus spp. isolated from women's vagina. First, seven lactobacillus spp. were selected based on their in vitro high anti-staphylococcal activity. Various samples extracted using different concentrations of organic solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol) were examined for optimal anti-staphylococal activity. When the Artemisia extract obtained using $100\%$ solvents was added to the cell suspension at $17\%$ (vol/vol), Lactobacillus sp. KLB 224 maintained its viability for 48 hr, whereas S. aureus was completely inactivated showing differential antimicrobial activity of the extract. Using scanning electron microscopy the effect of the extract on the cell morphology was observed: S. aureus showed markedly distorted cell morphology while Lactobacillus sp. KLB 224 appeared to remain intact.