• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.64-76
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• 2003

This study was conducted in order to find out the basic data and informations for the accidents for repairing of agricultural machines. This study was summarized as fellows : 1. Among the total repair work, the ratio of repair accident was 68.9% and the accident ratio with power tiller, tractor, and combine was 84.8%. The accident occurred frequently in April to May and September to October because of frequent use of machines during this months. The accidents occurred often of ten to eleven and two to three afternoon in a day. 2. The 36.3% of the accident types was farming machines and the 60.4% of the accident occurred in yard of repair shop. The 34.4% of accident was caused by people, 26.2% by machines, 24.9% by environmental factors, and 14.5% by others. 3. In accident damage, human damage was 98.4% and economic damage was 43.6%. There was only 40.2% in having agricultural machinery insurance and 22.5% of research applicant answered that they would not have insurance in the future. 4. The 58.2% of the injured parts occurred in fingers, hands, wrists, or arms and the 74.4% of the damage types were bruise, prick or abrasion. The damaged parts of machinery were belt of power transmission device, chains, sharpened knives, narrow mechanism or cultivating knives for rotary. 5. The average days of medical treatment for casualty was 15.5 days and the average expense of medical treatment per person was 189,200 won. The days of temporary rest and the economic damage per person due to accident were 12.8 days and 469,300 won.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.22 no.3 s.27
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• pp.355-367
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• 1989

This study examined the physical and mental health factors affecting the industrial accidents of 142 injured and 1,212 uninjured workers in the shipbuilding industry from 1986 to 1988. The results acquired from the Todai Health Index (THI) and from analysis of the health examination were as follows: 1. Among the personal characteristics of the workers, the educational level of injured workers was significantly lower than that of the uninjured workers. 2. Among the physical characteristics, vision and $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index of the injured workers were lower than those of the uninjured workers, and the difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, the differences in height, weight, hearing function, hematocrit, blood pressure, urine test, and X-ray findings were not statistically significant between the injured and uninjured workers. 3. The score of the THI questionnaire on the physical and mental health of the injured workers was higher than that of the uninjured workers, and the difference was statistically significant. 4. Form the THI score, the industrial workers had complained more about mental health than physical health and there was a statistically singinficant relation with the industrial accidents. 5. The relative risk expressed in terms of the odds ratio was 2.9 for poorer vision, 2.7 for a lower educational level, 2.2 for a higher THI score and 1.6 for overdrinking. 6 Educational level, vision, and the THI score were selected as significant factors influencing industrial accidents based on a log-linear model. According to the results of this model by logistic analysis, the odds ratio of industrial accidents was 1.8 for a lower educational level, 1.7 for poorer vision, and 1.6 for a higher THI score. 7 By event history analysis with the dependent variable as the duration of work at the time of the industrial accident, educational level, age, $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index and THI score were the statistically significant variables selected, and the hazard rate of industrial accident occurrence was 0.24 for a lower educational level, 0.92 for age, 0.99 for a lower $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index and 2.72 for a higher THI score. As we have seen, educational level and THI score were the most significant factors affecting the hazard rate of industrial accidents. Vision, $R\ddot{o}hrer$ Index, age, and drinking behavior were also statistically significant variables influencing industrial accidents. Therefore, in order to prevent industrial accidents, it is necessary to establish a health management plan for industry which can objectively evaluate not only the physical but also the mental health of the workers. If we use this type of study as a prospective study design, we can determine the relative risk of physical and mental health factors on industrial accidents. Furthermore, it is expected that this type of study will provide workers at high risk with more precise basic data for a health managment plan for industrial accident prevention.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.79-87
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• 2015

PURPOSES: According to accident statistics for road built in 2004, the ratio of accidents on frozen roads to normal roads is 0.9%, whereas the fatality ratio is 2.7%. The risk of accidents on frozen roads is very high. Measures taken every year to prevent traffic accidents of frozen roads in the winter season are still insufficient. Additionally, measures have been established mainly on rural roads. Therefore, for urban roads, analyses and measures to prevent accidents are lacking. In this study, data on accidents on frozen roads was used to search for the causes behind these accidents and measures to reduce accidents have been recommended. METHODS: In this study, collected data from the TAMS (Traffic Accident Management System), which were collected by the Seoul National Police Agency was used. The data were divided into vehicle, people, and condition of road. The analytical model used here was the Logistic Regression Model, which is frequently used for traffic safety and accident analysis. This study uses the odds ratio analysis to search for variables related to frozen road traffic accidents in each category. A total of 18 out of 47 variables were found to be the causes of accidents. RESULTS: From the results of the comparative analysis of 18 variables, the category of the condition of the road was found to be the most critical. Contrary to expectations, more accidents occurred in clear weather than in other conditions. Accidents on bridges occurred frequently, and its odds ratio was the highest compared with other road types. When BPT is operated, the probability of accidents on frozen roads is lower than in general conditions, and accidents occurred frequently on roads with less than four lanes. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results of this study, suggestions for reducing the risk of future domestic road accidents in freezing conditions are indicated as follows. First, it is necessary to perform a technical review of the urban road traffic accidents caused by frozen roads. Second, it is necessary to establish criteria for the study of the road environment based on the major causes of road accidents on frozen roads. Third, improvements in urban road environmental factors should be made.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.155-166
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• 2009

Road design safety assessment by existing tools and methods have normally been examined by expert judgements using design documents and on-site inspections. The existing methods, however, have two main problems such as insufficiency of objectiveness and inability to measure effects of accident countermeasures. This paper studies ways to develop a road safety assessment system through reviewing the IHSDM developed in USA. The crash prediction module of IHSDM calculate accident frequency and rate of roadway segments using accident prediction models and accident modification factors for safety evaluation. The methodology of evaluation and development of accident modification factors somewhat overcome the problems of the existing methods. In spite of these advantages, IHSDM could not relevantly reflect characteristics of domestic rural roadways since it overestimate the number of accidents and rate of korean rural roadways. Especially, IHSDM may not evaluate or consider land use patterns of Korean roadways, and futhermore, original environment on base conditions used to develop IHSDM may not be different from ours. The user requirements being developed for a road safety assessment system for Korean roadways include enhanced flexibility and diversity of data input-output processes.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.743-750
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• 2008

Recently Bridges crossing waterway are constructed in navigable waterway, so marine accidents near bridges navigable waterway often occurred bemuse that has affect dangerous element for. This paper analysed the necessary environmental factors to navigate safely near bridges and how to set up the environmental factors. Marine accidents elements occurred near bridges relate to span of bridge, size of navigating ship, length of straight way and traffic volume except mistake of mariners. As results of marine accident parameter analysis, Span of bridge is necessary more than 300m at least based on marine accident's analysis, and in case of more than ship's Length 150m, span of bridge is necessary more than 500m, $3{\sim}4L$(L; Ship's Length). Length of straight way before bridge is necessary more than 8L to minimize the marine accident.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.178-185
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• 2023

Rapid urbanization and advancements in technology have led to a surge in the number of automobiles, resulting in frequent traffic accidents, and consequently, an increase in human casualties and economic losses. Therefore, there is a need for technology that can predict the risk of traffic accidents to prevent them and minimize the damage caused by them. Traffic accidents occur due to various factors including traffic congestion, the traffic environment, and road conditions. These factors give traffic accidents spatiotemporal characteristics. This paper analyzes traffic accident data to understand the main characteristics of traffic accidents and reconstructs the data in a time series format. Additionally, an LSTM-MLP based model that excellently captures spatiotemporal characteristics was developed and utilized for traffic accident prediction. Experiments have proven that the proposed model is more rational and accurate in predicting the risk of traffic accidents compared to existing models. The traffic accident risk prediction model suggested in this paper can be applied to systems capable of real-time monitoring of road conditions and environments, such as navigation systems. It is expected to enhance the safety of road users and minimize the social costs associated with traffic accidents.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.106-111
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• 2012

Recently the usage of bicycle has increased steeply in Korea owing to traffic culture of well- being. In a car to bicycle accident investigation, the throw distance of bicycle is very important factor for reconstructing of the accident. The variables that influence on the throw distance of bicycle can be classified into the factors of vehicle and bicycle. Simulations and collision tests in actual car to bicycle accident were executed for obtaining throw distance of bicycle. The simulations were done by PC-$CRASH^{TM}$ and for actual crash tests sand bags were used for the behavior of bicyclist instead of dummy. Factors considered were vehicle velocity and the moving angles of bicycle, also the types of bicycle and vehicle were fairy cycle and automobile, respectively. From the results, the throw distances of a head-on tire collision of $0^{\circ}$ direction was longer than that of tire crash test of $45^{\circ}$ direction, and the throw distances of a head -on frame crash test of $90^{\circ}$ direction was longer than that of frame crash test of $45^{\circ}$ direction. In addition restitution coefficient between vehicle and bicycle was estimated as about 0.1 with based on actual crash tests. Finally the increaser vehicle velocity the longer the throw distances of bicycle, and the results of simulation were relatively good agreement to the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.150-156
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• 2018

As the types and usage of chemical increase, modern countries should protect their health and environment from the risk of hazardous chemical. Chemical accidents not only affect humans but also cause huge losses to the environment. Moreover, since its effects do not end in a short period of time, it is necessary to identify the extent of the damage and establish a prevention and response system in advance. In 2015, the Chemical Substances Management Act provided a system for assessing the impact on the people and the environment around the workplace. However, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the impact on environmental factors such as vegetation and aquatic, with the current hazard assessment methods. The purpose of this study is to analyze the quantitative risk of environmental receptors. This study improved the existing risk assessment formula by using the environmental vulnerability index and established the end point concentration criterion which can estimate the damage range to environmental media. To verify the results of the study, a virtual accident scenario was selected and a case study was conducted. As a result, the extent of impact on the environmental medium can be calculated, and the degree of environmental risk of the zone can be quantified through the risk analysis considering the environmental vulnerability. This study is expected to increase the reliability of the reliability of the existing risk anaylsis method beacause it is a risk analysis method that can be applied when the environmental factors are absolutely necessary and when the residents and environment are complex.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.24 no.7 s.93
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• pp.81-90
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• 2006

It is important to clarify the relationship between traffic accidents and various influencing factors in order to reduce the number of traffic accidents. This study developed a traffic accident frequency prediction model using by multi-linear regression and qualification theories which are commonly applied in the field of traffic safety to verify the influences of various factors into the traffic accident frequency The data were collected on the Korean National Highway 17 which shows the highest accident frequencies and fatality rates in Chonbuk province. In order to minimize the uncertainty of the data, the fuzzy theory and neural network theory were applied. The neural network theory can provide fair learning performance by modeling the human neural system mathematically. Tn conclusion, this study focused on the practicability of the fuzzy reasoning theory and the neural network theory for traffic safety analysis.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.26-40
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• 2018

The aim of this research is to analyze factors affecting bicycle accidents using the PLS structural equation. Accident types in this study were categorized into total accidents, serious injuries including death, and light injuries which occurred at nationwide Si Gun Gu. It was found that urbanization was the main factor for bicycle accidents through the accident models developed in this study. Population, ratio of economically active population, density of intersections, ratio of urbanized area, commercial and industrial land-uses, number of drive license holders, number of education institutions, number of parks were the main factors causing bicycle accidents. Besides, length of bicycle roads, number of bicycles, and ratio of bicycle as mode choice also increased bicycle accidents.