• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
• /
• 제21권12호
• /
• pp.213-218
• /
• 2021

This paper proposes a technique for detecting a significant threat that attempts to get sensitive and confidential information such as usernames, passwords, credit card information, and more to target an individual or organization. By definition, a phishing attack happens when malicious people pose as trusted entities to fraudulently obtain user data. Phishing is classified as a type of social engineering attack. For a phishing attack to happen, a victim must be convinced to open an email or a direct message [1]. The email or direct message will contain a link that the victim will be required to click on. The aim of the attack is usually to install malicious software or to freeze a system. In other instances, the attackers will threaten to reveal sensitive information obtained from the victim. Phishing attacks can have devastating effects on the victim. Sensitive and confidential information can find its way into the hands of malicious people. Another devastating effect of phishing attacks is identity theft [1]. Attackers may impersonate the victim to make unauthorized purchases. Victims also complain of loss of funds when attackers access their credit card information. The proposed method has two major subsystems: (1) Data collection: different websites have been collected as a big data corresponding to normal and phishing dataset, and (2) distributed detection system: different artificial algorithms are used: a neural network algorithm and machine learning. The Amazon cloud was used for running the cluster with different cores of machines. The experiment results of the proposed system achieved very good accuracy and detection rate as well.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.467-474
• /
• 2024

본 연구는 미국 온라인 대출 플랫폼의 고객 데이터를 분석하여 중저신용자가 금융시장 내에서 겪는 차별적 대우를 실증적으로 규명한다. 이 연구는 오픈소스 캐글(Kaggle) 플랫폼 내 랜딩 클럽 금융사의 2007~2020년 기간 약 293만 건의 금융 데이터를 사용하여, 특히 신용점수가 낮은 씬파일러 대출자들이 더 높은 이자율로 대출을 받고 있음을 밝혀냈다. 이러한 차별적 대우는 금융 포용성을 저하시키며 사회적 불평등을 심화시킬 가능성을 시사한다. 본 연구를 통해 금융시장에서의 불평등 문제를 실질적으로 드러낸 점이 중요한 의의로 주목되며, 분석결과를 바탕으로 모든 고객에게 합리적인 금융 접근성을 보장할 수 있을 것이다. 아울러 지속가능한 금융 포용성을 강화할 수 있는 구체적인 방안과 함께 금융기관의 사회적 책임을 강화하는 방향으로의 전환을 제안하였다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.147-171
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine low-income households' financial problems and the demand for financial counseling. For these purposes, a survey of 500 low-income households was conducted by an on-line survey company. The results were as follows. First, four types of low-income households classified by income and job criteria were: the not-working poorest (16.2%), the working poor (27.0%), the not-working low-income (13.8%), and the working low-income (43.4%). Also, seven areas of financial problems were found through factor analysis. They included difficulty of survival, insufficient funds for special expenditures, defaults on financial obligation, decrease of income, increase of debts, emotional anguish, and difficulty in meeting living expenditures. 61.6% of respondents requested financial counseling, and 44.5% of them preferred internet counseling to counseling by phone or in-person, while 49.5% desired access to public counseling organizations. The five types of financial counseling content for low-income households that were found through factor analysis were financial planning, credit management, asset management/investment, public support, and use of credit cards. The low-income householders demanded financial planning counseling and pubic support counseling more than the other types of financial counseling. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the demand for financial counseling participation was significantly influenced by age and income. The demand for financial counseling content was age, income, and types of financial problems. Therefore, general financial counseling programs for low-income households should be expanded. Furthermore, those counseling programs can be useful if they not only include credit management but also financial planning, economic support information and savings.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.1146-1154
• /
• 2010

오픈 소스 클라우드 컴퓨팅 플랫폼인 OpenNebula를 이용한 클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경에서 가상머신 임대 서비스를 구현하고 클라우드 자원 관리와 서비스 사용의 편의성을 위하여 웹기반 클라우드 사용자 인터페이스를 구현하였다. OpenNebula의 가상머신 할당 기법은 가상화 소프트웨어의 CPU 할당 스케줄러를 고려하지 않아 성능 저하의 요인이 되고 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 클러스터 노드의 유휴 CPU 자원의 우선순위와 Xen의 Credit 스케줄러를 고려하여 OpenNebula의 가상머신 할당 스케줄러의 성능을 개선하였다. 실험 결과 제안한 가상머신 할당기법은 기존 방식에 비하여 수용 가능한 가상머신 수와 CPU 자원 할당량에서 향상된 결과를 보였다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권6호
• /
• pp.47-59
• /
• 2020

This paper intends to explore the relationship between financial inclusion and financial stability under the scope of Asian economies. The linkage will be thoroughly investigated with country-level and bank-level data of 42 countries in three separate years: 2011, 2014, and 2017. In this study, an inclusive financial system is assessed by two dimensions: usage of financial services and access to the financial system. Usage of financial services ranges from account to credit, savings and payment services. Access to financial system measures the financial outreach where individuals can use financial services. Meanwhile, financial stability, which proxied by Bank Z-score is regarded as the dependent variable. We apply fixed effects regression and random effects regression to capture the impacts of financial inclusion upon financial stability. To enhance the robustness of the model, the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) regression is therefore adopted as the solution for the random effects regression. The empirical findings exhibit an overall weak positive influence of financial inclusion on financial stability. The research results also provide both financial institutions and governments with insightful information, which helps them to have an appropriate financial development strategy, improve the regulatory framework and consequently enhance financial stability for the whole system.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권8호
• /
• pp.421-431
• /
• 2021

This study investigates the empirical linkages between ASEAN countries' institutional quality and financial inclusion using country data from 2008-2019. In this paper, six governance indicators from the World Governance index are used to measure the impact of institutions on financial inclusion. The PCA method's financial inclusion index is constructed from 3 indicators: penetration, access, and usage: penetration, access, and usage with six indices respectively as the number of ATMs per 1000 km², the number of bank branches per 1000 km², the number of ATMs per 100,000 people and the number of bank branches for 100,000 adults, the ratio of credit to private to GDP, and the ratio of deposit to private to GDP. Regression analysis with the Generalized Moments method shows the positive impact of institutions and other control variables like GDP per capita, inflation, bank concentration, and human development index on financial inclusion. Therefore, this study recommends that the government and policymakers in countries pursue the financial inclusion agenda to pay attention to the financial and economic indicators and institutional factors. This is because many savers, borrowers, and investors may not be protected when financial contracts are enforced or breaches occur in an environment where economic, legal, judicial, and political institutions are weak, such as in ASEAN countries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권9호
• /
• pp.229-239
• /
• 2020

This paper examines the impact of gender on access to debt finance among Vietnamese enterprises. The paper investigates data and variables retrieved from the World Bank Enterprise Survey dataset using five Probit models. The regression results suggest that there exist more unfavourable debt financing conditions for women-led firms (WLF), measured as a lower probability of having loan applications fully approved. Firm's age, working sector, and perception of access to finance as a difficulty are found to have explanatory power on the discrimination. More importantly, the perception of debt finance as a difficulty or firms' level of confidence significantly explains the variance of the dependent variable of probability of loan approval, or gender effect would be more pronounced if the firm already has a low level of confidence. The paper also contributes in testing for the gender effect on Vietnamese enterprises from different sectors and scale, unlike other prior research papers focusing on specific sectors and/or small and medium enterprises only. The findings are highly useful for Vietnamese credit institutions to set out a specific business policy to attract more WLFs and help promoting gender equality in the working environment, especially in debt financing, which is often neglected in existing regulation and policy frameworks.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권7호
• /
• pp.139-150
• /
• 2021

The financial system is a relatively important sector in the economy of a country. Its role in providing access to financial services to people is able to support a better economy. The main problem in this financial system is caused by the barriers that prevent individuals or companies from accessing these financial services. This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship financial inclusion and financial system stability in ASEAN 4 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and The Philippines). Financial inclusion proxied by the financial inclusion through credit variable and other banking variables such as the number of financial services access, banking asset, and financial system stabilization is seen from banking performance through non-performing loan and Z score instruments. Empirically, the study uses panel data in the form of annual data for 2005-2016. The method used Panel VAR. The result shows that financial inclusion affects the stability of the financial system in ASEAN 4. This indicates that financial development through financial inclusion can encourage stability of the financial system in ASEAN 4. In this globalization era, the integrated financial system is increasing, this research shows the importance of developing financial inclusion by eliminating barriers to financial exclusion.

• 정보보호학회논문지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.225-235
• /
• 2015

최근 정보보호인증 및 보안감사의 감독과 절차가 강화되고 있지만 내부자에 의한 정보유출 및 보안사고는 지속적으로 늘어나고 있다. 2011 Cyber Security Watch Survey에 의하면 2010년 한 해 동안 발생한 보안사고 중 21%가 내부자에 의해 발생한 것으로 조사되었다. 기업들은 대외서비스와 달리 내부시스템 보안사고의 경우 즉각적으로 인지하지 못하거나 발생 시 비용증가, 신용도하락 등의 이유로 외부에 공시하지 않고 일시적 미봉책으로 해결하는 경우가 많았다. 본 논문은 시스템 접근관리에 대한 문제점을 실증적으로 연구하였으며, 타 시스템 또는 사업장에서 활용이 가능한 표준 프로세스를 제시하였다. 이를 통해 기업들이 쉽고 체계적으로 시스템 접근관리에 대한 문제점을 조사하고 분석하며 개선하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
• /
• 제5권10호
• /
• pp.373-378
• /
• 2016

실내 위치 측위 관련 IPS(Indoor Positioning System)의 기술이 계속적인 연구 및 개발이 진행되고 있으며, 이에 따른 핑거프린팅 및 삼변 측량 기술이 지속적으로 연구되어 왔다. 하지만 이와 같은 기술은 AP(Access Point)를 이용하여 측위하기 때문에 광범위 측위에 있어 불안전한 RSSI 값의 측정으로 인한 측위 정밀도가 신용적이지 않다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 광범위 내 정밀 측위 문제점을 개선하고자 기존의 핑거프린팅 기법의 Cell 구성이 아닌 Sector 개념을 도입하였다. 각 Sector는 서로 간에 관여를 하지 않고 해당 Sector 내에서만 핑거프린팅 기법을 수행하여 효울 및 정밀성을 고려한 시스템을 제안하며, 기존의 핑거프린팅과 비교하여 효율성을 수학적 기법으로 입증하였다.