• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.234-243
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• 2018

Since September 2017, a small diesel vehicle certification test mode has been enhanced from NEDC to WLTC. The main reason for the change of the certification test mode is that the certification test mode of the emission control standard of the diesel vehicle does not sufficiently reflect various driving patterns of the actual roads. Several automakers have developed after-treatment systems such as LNT, SCR, and DPF to meet enhanced emissions regulations. In this study, four small diesel cars were selected for sale in Korea, and the exhaust gas measurement test was performed in the WLTC mode, which reflects the driving characteristics of the actual roads. As a result of test, LNT vehicle exceeded Euro 6 NOx regulation and SCR vehicle satisfied Euro 6 NOx regulation. In addition, both LNT and SCR systems showed high NOX emission characteristics due to speed, RPA and Vxa. For the PN, all test vehicles were fitted with a DPF and met the Euro 6 PN regulations, with similar PN emissions results in LNT and SCR system.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2016년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.973-975
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 센서 결합을 이용하여 강체 자세 추정을 정확히 할 수 있는 선택적 확장 칼만 필터 방법을 제안한다. 강체의 자세는 Gauss-Newton방법을 적용하여 가속도 데이터와 지자기 데이터로 부터 쿼터니언 상태 변수를 개략 추정하고 비전 정보와 자이로 센서 정보를 이용하여 정밀 추정을 하는데 외부 간섭 잡음이 강 할 경우 이 방식을 이용한 개략 추정이 어려워진다. 본 논문은 외부 간섭 잡음의 정도를 측정하고 잡음이 강할 때 비전 정보와 자이로 센서정보를 주로 이용하는 선택적 확장 칼만 필터 방법을 이용하여 추정 값에 대한 신뢰도를 높인다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.319-332
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• 2019

Structural health monitoring (SHM) is of great importance to super high-rise buildings. The Shanghai Tower is currently the tallest building in China, and a complete SHM system was simultaneously constructed at the beginning of the construction of the tower. Due to the variety of sensor types and the large number of measurement points in the SHM system, an online automatic structural health assessment method with few computations and no manual intervention is needed. This paper introduces a structural health assessment method for the Shanghai Tower that uses the coefficients of an autoregressive (AR) time series model as structural state indicators. An analysis of collected data indicates that the coefficients of the AR model are affected by environmental factors, and the principal component analysis method is used to remove the influence of environmental factors. Finally, the control chart method is used to track the changes in structural state indicators, and a plan for online automatic structure health state evaluation is proposed. This method is applied to long-term acceleration and inclination data from the Shanghai Tower and successfully identifies the changes in the structural state. Overall, the structural state indicators of the Shanghai Tower are stable, and the structure is in a healthy state.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.507-520
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• 2019

In the structural health monitoring field, damage detection has been commonly carried out based on the structural model and the engineering features related to the model. However, the extracted features are often subjected to various errors, which makes the pattern recognition for damage detection still challenging. In this study, an automated damage identification method is presented for hanger cables in a tied-arch bridge using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Raw measurement data for Fourier amplitude spectra (FAS) of acceleration responses are used without a complex data pre-processing for modal identification. A CNN is a kind of deep neural network that typically consists of convolution, pooling, and fully-connected layers. A numerical simulation study was performed for multiple damage detection in the hangers using ambient wind vibration data on the bridge deck. The results show that the current CNN using FAS data performs better under various damage states than the CNN using time-history data and the traditional neural network using FAS. Robustness of the present CNN has been proven under various observational noise levels and wind speeds.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제78권3호
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• pp.333-350
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• 2021

Motivated by the demand of seismic protection of museum collections and development of performance-based seismic design guidelines, this paper investigates the seismic fragility of sliding artifacts based on incremental dynamic analysis and three-dimensional finite element model of the artifact-showcase-museum system considering nonlinear behavior of the structure and contact interfaces. Different intensity measures (IMs) for seismic fragility assessment of sliding artifacts are compared. The fragility curves of the sliding artifacts in both freestanding and restrained showcases placed on different floors of a four-story reinforced concrete frame structure are developed. The seismic sliding fragility of the artifacts within a real-world museum subjected to bi-directional horizontal ground motions is also assessed using the proposed IM and engineering demand parameter. Results show that the peak floor acceleration including only values initiating sliding is an efficient IM. Moreover, the sliding fragility estimate for the artifact in the restrained showcase increases as the floor level goes higher, while it may not be true in the freestanding showcase. Furthermore, the artifact is more prone to sliding failure in the restrained showcase than the freestanding showcase. In addition, the artifact has slightly worse sliding performance subjected to bi-directional motions than major-component motions.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.423-428
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• 2011

경북 대포 지역에서 채취한 제올라이트의 시멘트 혼합재료로의 이용 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 제올라이트가 함유된 시멘트의 수화 특성을 연구하였다. 제올라이트가 함유된 시멘트 페이스트에 대하여 수화발열 속도, XRD, EDS, 질소 흡착, 수은 침투 등의 분석을 수행하였다. 제올라이트가 함유된 시멘트 페이스트에서는 제올라이트 양이 증가함에 따라 응결시간이 빨라지고 시멘트의 수화가 촉진되는 경향을 나타내었다. 제올라이트가 함유된 모르터에서는 제올라이트 양이 증가함에 따라 플로우가 크게 감소하였다. 또한 플레인 모르터와 비교하여 단기에 강도증진이 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 시멘트의 수화시 알칼리에 의한 제올라이트의 탈알루미늄 과정에서 제올라이트 입자로부터 이탈한 활성 알루미늄 종과 관련이 있는 것으로 보인다.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2020

In this study, an edge device that monitors the injection molding process by measuring the mold vibration(acceleration) signal and the mold surface temperature was developed and evaluated its performance. During injection molding, signals of the injection start, V/P switchover, and packing end sections were obtained through the measurement of the mold vibration and the injection time and packing time were calculated by using the difference between the times of the sections. Then, the mold closed and mold open signals were obtained using a magnetic hall sensor, and cycle time was calculated by using the time difference between the mold closed time each process. As a result of evaluating the performance by comparing the process data monitored by the edge device with the shot data recorded on the injection molding machine, the cycle time, injection time, and packing time showed very small error of 0.70±0.38%, 1.40±1.17%, and 0.69±0.82%, respectively, and the values close to the actual were monitored and the accuracy and reliability of the edge device were confirmed. In addition, it was confirmed that the mold surface temperature measured by the edge device was similar to the actual mold surface temperature.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.801-806
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• 2021

레일 파상마모는 레일표면 요철 관리기준의 부재로 인해 지속적으로 증가하는 추세에 있다. 레일파상마모는 승차감 저하와 궤도 유지관리 물량증대 등과 같은 다양한 문제점을 야기 시키고 있다. 본 논문에서는 레일 파상마모 발생구간을 대상으로 레일 연마 전, 후에 대한 레일요철 측정 및 궤도계측(동적 윤중, 변위, 가속도)을 수행하여 레일 파상마모가 궤도부담력에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 레일 파상마모 저감을 위해 실시한 레일연마는 레일 파상마모로 인해 발생되는 추가적인 궤도부담력 저감에 매우 효과적이었음을 실험적으로 입증하였다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2022

Industrial inverters are used in a variety of fields for electric power supply. They may be exposed to vibration and heat once they are installed. This study focused on a framework of accelerated life testing of an industrial inverter considering fatigue damage as the primary source of deterioration. Instead of analyzing detailed failure mechanisms and the product's vulnerability to them, the potential of fatigue failure is considered using the fatigue damage spectrum calculated from the environmental vibration signals. The acceleration and temperature data were gathered using field measurement and spectral analysis was conducted to calculate the vibration signal's power spectral density (PSD). The fatigue damage spectrum is then calculated from the input PSD data and is used to design an accelerated fatigue life testing. The PSD for the shaker table test is derived that has the equivalent fatigue damage to the original input signal. The tests were performed considering the combined effect of random vibration and elevated temperature, and the product passed all the planned tests. It was successfully demonstrated that the inverter used in this study could survive environmental vibration up to its guarantee period. The fatigue damage spectrum can effectively be used to design accelerated fatigue life testing.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2023

관성항법장치는 내장된 관성센서만을 이용하여 외부의 도움 없이 항체의 가속도 및 각속도를 이용하여 항법 정보를 계산한다. 하지만, 장시간 운용 시 관성항법장치는 시간이 지남에 따라 오차가 누적되어 항법 성능이 저하된다. 이러한 관성항법장치의 누적 오차를 줄이기 위하여 관성센서조립체를 일정한 절차로 회전시켜 관성센서 오차가 회전을 통해 상쇄되도록 항법 성능을 개선 시키는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 2축 회전형 관성항법장치의 성능에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 오차 요소를 식별하고 각 오차가 항법 성능에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 오차 분석 수행 후 시뮬레이션을 통해 관성항법장치의 항법 성능분석 결과를 제시하였다.