• 무역학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.337-354
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• 2021

Several previous studies have not been able to derive consistent research results on the impact of the level of corruption in local countries on foreign direct investment. Therefore, in order to suggest that this study should consider the relative level of corruption rather than the level of absolute corruption, 1) first, examine the moderating effect of the absolute level of corruption on the determinants of foreign direct investment, and 2) examine the moderating effect of the relative corruption on the determinants of foreign direct investment. This study collected 9-year data from 2012 to 2020 based on the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) published by Transparency International. A total of 549 observations (country-year) from 82 countries were sampled and a generalized estimation equation (GEE) analysis was performed. As a result of empirical analysis, it was found that the moderating effect of absolute corruption did not appear, whereas the moderating effect of relative corruption reversed the negative (-) relationship between cultural distance and foreign direct investment into a positive (+) relationship. Based on these empirical results, this study suggest that Korean companies need to consider the relative level of corruption with Korea instead of the absolute level of corruption of the investee when conducting foreign direct investment.

• 지구물리
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2004

The variation of geomagnetic field and absolute magnetic field at the geomagnetic observatory of King Sejong Station has been measured with 3-component ring core fluxgate magnetometer, proton magnetometer and D-I magnetometer. With data obtained from King Sejong Station during 2003, thediurnal and annual variations of geomagnetic field were researched and compared with those at other observatories. The deviation of daily variation of magnetic field in antarctica decreased gradually during winter season due to sun effect. The rates of componental annual variation of magnetic field at King Sejong Station were calculated using the least-square method under the assumption that the annual variation of magnetic field is linear. The rates are -55.93 nT/year in horizontal intensity, -0.87 min./year in declination, 58.30 nT/year in vertical intensity, and -69.85 nT/year in total intensity of magnetic field. A remarkable variation was caused by the magnetic storms occurred on 29~30 October, which were so powerful that the variation was observed in mid latitudes as well as high latitudes. The values of variation are generally 1500 2000 nT in Antarctica including King Sejong Station, 350 500 nT in East Asia. The measurement of absolute magnetic field shows that ring core fluxgate magnetometer has relatively large error range under cold temperature.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.897-906
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• 2002

Standard temperature and absolute humidity weather correlations of Seoul for dynamic energy simulation have been developed regressing the measured data compiled by the Korea Meteorological Adminstration during a 10-year period from 1991 to 2000. The mathematical equations can generate the daily and yearly variations of outdoor weather data with consistency unlike the measured data which may show abnormal behavior, Considering that each hour of the day follows a certain yearly pattern, the correlations are developed for each hour. The derived 24 simple mathematical equations can be used for estimating outdoor temperature and humidity conditions for any arbitrary time of the year.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제21권5_1호
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• pp.427-433
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• 1998

The standing crop and net production were estimated in Moojaechi on Mt. Jungjok. By using the decay model of organic carbon, absolute year of bog peat was calculated. Pollen analysis to bog peat revealed vegetational history and climate change around Moojaechi. The time required for amount of the accumulated peat in the bog was estimated in terms of the balance of the accumulation and decay of organic carbon of the deposit peat. Absolute year of the peat surveyed in this study was about 314 years. Pollen of Pinus was predominant in all the pollen zone, Geamineae and Cyperaceae increased in lower pollen zone while Pinus in upper pollen zone. This showes that climate of the past was probably more humid than that of present. In addition, middle pollen zone showed warming trend which is suggested by high pollen concentration of Quercus, Juglans, Carpinus and Corylus. It suggests that overall environment and vegetation were changed from warmer and more humid to dry condition in Moojaechi and it is considered as the course of boggy ground formation by retrogressive successions.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.199-208
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• 2003

Standard temperature and absolute humidity weather data correlations of Seoul for dynamic energy simulation have been developed regressing the measured data compiled by the Korea Meteorological Adminstration during a l0-year period from 1991 to 2000. The mathematical equations can generate consistent daily and yearly variations of outdoor weather data unlike the measured data which may show abnormal behavior. Considering that each hour of the day follows a certain yearly pattern, 24 correlations are developed for each hour of the day. The derived simple mathematical equations can be used for estimating outdoor temperature and humidity conditions for any arbitrary time of the year.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.885-893
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• 2015

통계청과 한국은행 등 통계작성기관에서 이용되고 있는 계절조정은 연간 경제통계 작성시 시계열을 예측한 후 계절조정방법을 적용하여 1년 후 계절변동을 예측하고 원통계 작성시 원통계에서 이를 제거하여 계절조정계열을 작성하고 있다. 이 경우 계절변동을 효과적으로 예측하는 것이 계절조정계열의 품질 향상을 위해 무엇보다 중요하다. 계절변동은 1년 단위로 비슷한 함수적 형태를 지니면서 변하므로 계절변동은 일종의 함수적 시계열이다. 함수적 시계열은 함수적 주성분분석을 바탕으로 한 함수적 시계열모형으로 예측할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 함수적 시계열 모형을 이용하여 향후 1년간 계절변동을 예측하는 방안을 마련하고 X-11 방식 등 기존의 예측방법과 비교하여 유용성을 파악하였다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권26호
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• pp.189-202
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• 2005

This study carried out to understand thermoluminescence dating of ancient tiles at Jinju Janghungri Kilin site. Also radiocarbon dating by the benzene synthesis method and Liquid scintillation counting method were performed for comparison for the agedetermination of charcoal sample at the obtained same site.1st and 2nd glow curve were obtained according to the typical method thermoluminescence. Plateau tests of revealed the proper temperature range to be $300~440^{\circ}C$ Palaeodose average values were formed to the 2.44Gy.Annual dose of ancient tiles was calculated from soil samples and ancient tiles it self by measuring alpha radiation dose, potassium concentrations and water contents respectively. Annual dose average values were calculated to be 7.012mGy/yr.The radiocarbon age(BP year) was converted to calibrated age(AD/BC year) using high precision curve. Radiocarbon ages were calculated to be AD 15~17 .Comparison of samples with their radiocarbon and thermoluminescence ages for revealed the in range the AD 15~17. This result means that the measured absolute ages are in good agreement with each other within the margin of error.

• 지구물리
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2006

Highly accurate surface velocity estimation using modern geodetic techniques plays very important role in the geological and geophysical interpretation. Researches with GPS are ongoing in many countries of the world. This study aims to estimate the amount of crustal deformation and the direction of deformation in the Korean Peninsula and in its neighbor. We used GAMIT that is a comprehensive GPS analysis package developed at MIT. Then, a Global Kalman filter called GLOBK is used to combine the results from GAMIT and to estimate the relative and absolute velocity vector for the crustal deformations. To estimate station velocity accuracy and reliably, it is extremely important to pay great attention to the reference frame. Firstly, using the Suwon (SUWN) of Eurasian plate as main frame, we estimate the relative amount of crustal deformation and a direction of Eurasian plate and North American plate, Secondly, using ITRF 2000 as main frame, we estimate the absolute crustal deformation of Eurasian plate and North American plate. The continent of Eurasian where has the Korean Peninsula deforms 33.36 mm per year to East-Southeast (ESE), and Japanese Tsukuba (TSKB) in North American plate deforms to South-Southwest (SSW). Finally, the Korean Peninsula is approaching the Japanese Island and the rate of horizontal crustal deformation between the Suwon and the Tsukuba is about 31.98 mm per year in the moving direction of N85.9oW (274.1o) for the past three years.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of ACRS 2003 ISRS
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• pp.1304-1306
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• 2003

The absolute area of wetland accounts for 0.3% of the whole Beijing. We have studied the current environmental situations of Beijing's wetland and the changes in the key wetland supported by Remote Sensing(RS) technology. The result shows that the areas of wetland are reducing year by year and the quality of ecological environment is dropping year by year. At last, we analyze the factors that influence the change of wetland and propose some constructive suggestions according to current problems existing in Beijing's wetland.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.739-754
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• 2008

다중탈퇴모형 연구에서 연(year) 기준의 다중탈퇴율과 연 기준의 절대탈퇴율을 상호 전환하는 방법에 집중되어 있다. 실제 실무에서는 월(month) 기준의 다중탈퇴율이 필요한 경우가 많으므로 본 논문에서는 연 기준의 절대탈퇴율을 월 기준의 다중탈퇴율로 전환하거나 연 기준의 다중탈퇴율을 일 기준의 절대탈퇴율로 전환하는 공식을 유도한다. 유도된 공식은 월 기준 대신에 일(day) 기준 또는 분기(quarter) 기준 또는 반기(semiannual) 기준 등으로도 전환 가능한 공식이다. 또한 월 기준의 절대탈퇴율에서 월 기준의 다중탈퇴율로 전환 가능한 공식도 제시한다. 절대탈퇴율에서 다중탈퇴율로 전환하는 과정에서 절대탈퇴율이 균등분포 가정(UDD: Uniform Distribution of Decrements)을 따른다고 한다. 다중탈퇴율에서 절대탈퇴율로 전환하는 과정에서는 다중탈퇴율이 UDD를 가정하는 경우와 상수탈퇴력 가정 (Constant force assumption)을 따르는 경우로 나누어서 공식을 유도한다. 유도된 공식은 Bowers 등 (1997)에 있는 전환 공식의 일반적인 형태임을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 유도된 공식을 활용하여 수치 예를 통하여 자료를 이용하여 절대탈퇴율과 다중탈퇴율의 전환 과정을 설명하며 유도된 공식들의 차이점을 비교한다.