• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.38-49
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• 2023

Background/Aims: Patients with Barrett's esophagus are at increased risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma. Endoscopic therapies aim to eradicate dysplastic and metaplastic tissues. Hybrid argon plasma coagulation (hybrid-APC) utilizes submucosal fluid injection to create a protective cushion prior to ablation that shields the submucosa from injury. We performed a pooled meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of hybrid-APC. Methods: We conducted a systematic search of major electronic databases in April 2022. Studies that included patients with dysplastic and non-dysplastic Barrett's esophagus undergoing treatment with hybrid-APC were eligible for inclusion. Outcome measures included complete remission of intestinal metaplasia (CR-IM), stricture formation, serious adverse events, and number of sessions necessary to achieve CR-IM. Results: Overall pooled CR-IM rate for patients undergoing hybrid-APC was 90.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.872-0.939; I²=0%). Pooled stricture rate was 2.0% (95% CI, 0.005-0.042; I²=0%). Overall serious adverse event rate was 2.7% (95% CI, 0.007-0.055; I²=0%). Conclusions: Results of the current meta-analysis suggest that hybrid-APC is associated with high rates of CR-IM and a favorable safety profile. Interpretation of these results is limited by the inclusion of retrospective cohort and case series data. Randomized controlled trials that standardize treatment and outcome evaluation protocols are necessary to understand how this treatment option is comparable to the current standards of care.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2004

배경: 심방세동의 수술적 치료 방법인 미로술식에 있어 고주파에너지를 이용한 절제술은 전통적인 절개 및 봉합술 (cut and saw) 또는 냉동절제술(cyroablation)에 비해 술 후 동율동의로의 전환율이 낮은 것으로 알려져 있다. 이는 절제술 시 심방벽 (atrial wall)과 도자 간의 접촉이 원활하지 않아 심방의 전층에 걸쳐 고주파 에너지가 전달되지 않기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 이에 고주파 절제시 심방과 도자간의 접촉을 원활하게 하기 위한 기구를 개발하였으며 동물실험을 통하여 그 임상적인 효과를 관찰하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 60 kg 내외의 돼지 10 마리를 대상으로 하였다. 우심방이 첨부로부터 3∼4 cm 하방의 심방외벽에 고주파에너지를 가하여 우심방이가 우심방에서 완전히 분리되도록 원형의 병변 (circumferential lesions)을 만들었다. 이때 실험군(n=5)에서는 새로 고안한 기구를 이용하여 도자를 심방벽에 완전히 밀착시킨 후 고주파 에너지를 가하였으며, 대조군(n=5)에서는 이러한 기구의 사용 없이 통상적인 방법으로 에너지를 가하였다. 고주파절제술이 끝난 후 우심방이 첨부에 인공심장박동 전극을 설치하고 심박동을 유발하여 고주파 절제부위 이하로 심박동이 전달되는지를 관찰하여 절제술의 성공 여부를 판단하였다. 또한 심방조직에 대해 조직학적 검사를 시행하여 심외막, 심근, 그리고 심내막층에 고주파에너지에 의한 열손상의 생성 유무를 관찰하였다. 결과: 실험군에서 5예, 대조군에서 3예 등 총 8예에서 심박동의 전달 차단 (conduction block)이 관찰되었으며 조직학적 검사 소견상 심내막(endocardium)에서 탄성섬유(elastic fiber)의 소실과 급성 염증세포의 축적 등 급성 열손상의 소견이 관찰되었다. 한편 심박동의 전달 차단이 관찰되지 않았던 대조군의 2예에서는 심내막이 정상으로 나타났다. 또한 기관 및 식도에 대한 조직학적 검사에서 열손상에 의한 병변은 관찰되지않았다. 결론: 고주파에너지에 의한 절제술 시 심방의 전층에 병변을 만들기 위해서는 심장과 도자간의 접촉이 가장 중요한 인자로 생각된다. 본 연구에서 새로 개발한 기구는 고주파에너지를 이용한 도자절제술 시 심장과 도자 간의 확고한 접촉을 유도하여 심방 전층에 병변을 만드는 데 매우 효과적이었으며 이러한 기구의 사용은 향후 고주파에너지를 이용한 미로술식의 성적향상에 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.348-353
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• 2001

Experimental schemes that enable characterization of phase-change phenomena in the micro scale regime is essential for understanding the phase-change kinetics. Particularly, monitoring rapid vaporization on a submicron length scale is an important yet challenging task in a variety of laser-processing applications, including steam laser cleaning and liquid-assisted material ablation. This paper introduces a novel technique based on Michelson interferometry for probing the liquid-vaporization process on a solid surface heated by a KrF excimer laser pulse (${\lambda}=248nm,\;FWHM=24\;ns$) in water. The effective thickness of a microbubble layer has been measured with nanosecond time resolution. The maximum bubble size and growth rate are estimated to be of the order of $0.1{\mu}m\;and\;1\;m/s$, respectively. The results show that the acoustic enhancement in the laser induced vaporization process is caused by bubble expansion in the initial growth stage, not by bubble collapse. This work demonstrates that the interference method is effective for detecting bubble nucleation and microscale vaporization kinetics.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2007

Filtration studies, using simulated test nanoparticles or diesel nanoparticles, have been performed about Inconel foam filters for DPF combined with electrostatic precipitation. The simulated test particles were synthesized by laser ablation in the nitrogen atmosphere at the standard condition. The diesel particles were exhausted from the diesel engine driven on the condition of idle or load mode. Filtration efficiency of the metal foam filter is very low because most of particles are penetrated through the large pores of filter. However, the efficiency was considerably improved by applying the electric field to the filter and/or charging the nanoparticles. Nevertheless, the pressure drop of filter hardly increased because the filter-pores were not clogged by deposited particles and kept open.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.167-170
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• 1995

LiCoO$_2$is a electrode material of Li ion Cell which is expected as the cell with a very high electric charge density. The recent study is mainly to focused on a high power secondary cell. If very thin Li ion Cell can be made in the scale of IC substrate it can be a electric souse in IC chip , micro machine or very thin electrical display etc. LiCoO$_2$thin film can be made by CVD, Laser ablation, E-Beam, ton Beam process, sputtering etc. But to make the material with a high quality for a cell is difficult as the electrode in cell have the fitable ratio in components and a lattice structure of bulk etc. In this study, LiCoO$_2$is made by R.F magnetron sputtering with the variance of substrate temperature and oxygen partial pressure etc. In the substrate temperature of 600$^{\circ}C$ and the oxygen rate of 10%, we can acquire the good thin film LiCoO$_2$compared wish a bulk material.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.1265-1271
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• 2013

In this work, modeling and analysis of thermal effects laser drilling under water for ceramics were presented. Laser is a unique tool for machining ceramics due to the characteristic of non-contact material removal. However, ablation by a laser often induces a thermal effect on the material and an increased heat-affected-zone or deposition of debris can be observed on the machined parts. The underwater surrounding improved a heat transfer rate to cooling down the machined part and could prevent any deposition of debris near the machined surfaces and edges. The heat modeling was applied to obtain the temperature distributions as well as temperature gradients between the material and surroundings. The cooling effect of the underwater laser drilling was improved and a more stable temperature distribution was calculated. The actual laser drilling results of ceramic laser drilling were presented to verify the effects of underwater laser drilling.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2009

Seventeen females of the mud crab Scylla serrata, from the State of Kosrae, Micronesia, were transported to the Fisheries Resources Research Institute, Gyeongsangnam-do, in oxygen-filled plastic bags. After acclimatization to a $30^{\circ}C$ holding temperature, nine females were selected for seed production trials. Spawning was hastened using eyestalk ablations; however, this may not be required in commercialscale mud crab seed production. Primary spawning produced an average of 2.4 million hatched larvae, whereas secondary spawning produced 0.4 million. About 10 days elapsed between spawning and hatching and 30 days between hatching and crablet. Mass mortalities up to 90% were observed between stages zoea 1 and zoea 2 in every trial. The highest survival rate from zoea 1 to crablet was estimated at 0.25%. Most commercial shrimp hatcheries in Korea are equipped with almost all necessary facilities and could be converted easily to mud crab hatcheries, able to run three to four times per year using hatchery technologies developed for blue crabs and Chinese mitten crabs.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권8호
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• pp.1140-1147
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• 2001

Experimental schemes that enable characterization of phase-change phenomena in the microscale regime are essential for understanding the phase-change kinetics. Particularly, monitoring rapid vaporization on a submicron length scale is an important yet challenging task in a variety of laser-processing application, including steam laser cleaning and liquid-assisted material ablation. This paper introduces a novel technique based on Michelson interferometry for probing the liquid-vaporization process on a solid surface heated by a KrF excimer laser pulse(λ=248nm, FWHM=24ns) in water. The effective thickness of a microbubble layer has been measured with nanosecond time resolution. The maximum bubble size and growth rate are estimated to be of the order of 0.1㎛ and 1m/s, respectively. The results show that the acoustic enhancement in the laser induced vaporization process is caused by bubble expansion in the initial growth stage, not by bubble collapse. This work demonstrates that the interference method is effective for detecting bubble nucleation and microscale vaporization kinetics.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.38-44
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• 2000

통상적으로 액체로켓의 노즐은 재생냉각에 의해 고온의 연소가스로부터 보호된다. 그러나 재생 냉각의 경우, 시스템에 상당한 투자가 요구되며, 잦은 엔진 결함의 원인을 제공하기도 한다. 최근들어 액체로켓에 재생냉각을 사용하지 않고, 연소실과 노즐 보호를 위해 삭마재료가 사용되고 있다. 노즐재료에 대한 삭마량과 삭마형상 연구를 위해 500회 이상의 연소실험이 수행되었다. 그러나 연소실험을 통한 삭마특성은 전혀 예측할 수 없는 방향으로 진행되고 있으며, 실험에 사용된 액체로켓의 작동범위가 실제 로켓과 거의 유사하다는 것을 감안한다면, 삭마재질을 로켓에 적용하기 위해서는 상당한 주의가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 실험변수는 추진제의 공급 순서, 인젝터의 형상, 점화기의 위치, 그리고 액체산소의 공급온도이다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.528-531
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• 2000

Deposition of PZT with UV laser ablatio was applied for realization of thin film sensors and actuators. Deposition rate of more than 20nm/min was attained by pulsed KrF excimer laser deposition, which is fairly better than those obtained by the other methods. Perovskite phase was obtained at room temperature deposition with Fast Atom Beam(FAB) treatment and annealing. Smart MEMS(Micro electro-mechanical system) is now a suject of interest in the field of micro optical devices, micro pumps, AFM cantilever devices etc. It can be fabricated by deposition of PZT thin films and micromachining. PZT films of more than 1 micron thickness is difficult to obtain by conventional methods. This is the reason why we applied excimer laser ablation for thin film deposition. The remanent polarization Pr of 700nm PZT thin film was measured, and the relative dielectric constant was determined to about 900 and the dielectric loss tangent was also measured to be about 0.04. XRD analysis shows that, after annealing at 650 degrees C in 1 hour, the perovskite structure would be formed with some amount of pyrochlore phase, as is the case of the annealing at 750 degrees C in 1 hour.