• 한국임상보건과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.311-319
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• 2015

Purpose. This study of purpose was to compare and analyze the relationship among the isokinetic trunk muscular functions, flexibility and low back pain of elite weight lifter with regard of sex. Methods. we measured the level of low back pain, isokinetic muscular functions according to gender, then analyzed the relationship between isokinetic functions and the level of low back pain, between flexibility and the level of pain, between Athletic Career and the level. Results. In this study, the gender, the VAS point was $2.6{\pm}2.3$ and the VRS point was $2.3{\pm}1.3$ in males. The other side, in females the VAS points was $3.6{\pm}1.7$ and the VRS was $3.2{\pm}1.1$. There was significant negative correlation(r=-0.826) between the VAS point and the maximal flexion muscular strength per kilogram of $30^{\circ}/sec$ isokinetic exercise in female. also there was negative correlation between the muscular flexion strength per kilogram and the VRS point in female, but there was no significant relationship in male. Conclusions. In current study, these results suggested that the higher muscular flexion strength per kilogram is, the lower the level of low back pain is in female athletes. this is caused by the imbalance between Abdominal Muscles and Back Extensor in weight lifter. Therefore, there is the need to apply the program to improve the balance of trunk.

• 국제물리치료학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.214-221
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate and reveal the effects that the complex exercise training consisting of aerobic exercise and strength training(sit up, push up) that everyone can easily practice regardless of a time and a place in order to manage practically the physical strength of the aged affects the difference on their body composition and the change of physical fitness level. Looking into the change of body composition of an experimental group, the weight of 2.5kg was reduced after applying complex training for 12 weeks and the body fat mass of 2.65kg was reduced. Also, the abdominal fat of 0.13% was decreased and the muscle mass of 1.56kg was increased. For the change factors of physical fitness, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, balance and flexibility excluding agility showed significant improvement after applying complex exercise training. The improvement of health fitness of the aged under this study was significantly effective to improve specified body functions which had been lowered by aging and insufficient physical activities. So, it is regarded that their health fitness is the important factor to improve the activity competence required for daily life and to lead healthy living by the improved activity competence. Henceforth, it needs to study more the complex composition of several sports, exercise intensity and the frequency based on the previous researches and studies. In addition, it needs to develop the complex exercise training in accordance with various characteristics such as a sex of the aged, an age, a physical fitness level, environment, a disease and the program in consideration of the efficacy and safety during training.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.494-500
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid-carboxymethylcellulose membrane (GUARDIX-$MB^{(R)}$) barriers on prevention against post-operative peritoneal adhesions. In this study, fourteen mongrel dogs were divided into two experimental groups: 0.1 % hyaluronic acid (0.1HA) group and hyaluronic acidcarboxymethylcellulose membrane (HA-CMC) group. In order to induce adhesions, the anti-mesenteric serosa of the ileum was exteriorized and then abraded in a standard manner by scraping with a scalpel blade to create homogenous petechial hemorrhagic surface over a $1\;{\times}\;1cm$ area. Solution of 0.1HA were simply coated over the abraded tissues, $1.5\;{\times}\;1.5cm$ HA-CMC membrane was placed over the abraded tissues, allowed to spread across the intra-abdominal organs before closure of the abdomen. On day 1 before and day 1, 4, 7, 14, and 21 after operation, venous blood specimens were collected for measurement of fibrinogen and total WBC. The adhesions were blindly assessed 3 weeks later by using a computerized tensiometer. The fibrinogen and total WBC values of two groups showed no statistical significances. The mean tensile strength (gram force, gf) of formed adhesions day 21 after surgery was $88.1\;{\pm}\;55.70gf$ in the 0.1 % HA group and $24.8\;{\pm}\;22.69gf$ in the HA-CMC group. The tensile strength values of adhesion separation HA-CMC membrane group was significantly lower than the 0.1HA group (p<0.05). Therefore, we suggest that HACMC membrane reduce peritoneal adhesions may be applicable to preventing post-operative intraperitoneal adhesions in dogs.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to find out which exercise is more effective for the activation of the trunk, when the suspension plank and modified bridge exercise are performed. Weakening of the trunk muscles can lead to secondary injuries such as back injuries. In order to prevent injury, trunk muscles must be strengthened, and representative trunk strengthening exercises include planks and bridges. Each has been developed with a modified method, but since there is no paper comparing which exercise is more effective for trunk muscle strength, it was written to compare the two exercises. METHODS: The subjects were a random sample of 30 healthy men who agreed to participate in the study. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 people each, and the suspension plank and the modified bridge exercise were performed for six weeks. The thickness of the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal abdominal oblique (IO), external abdominal oblique (EO), rectus abdominis (RA), multifidus (MF) was measured before and after the exercise. The two groups were analyzed using an independent t-test and paired t-test to compare the muscle thickness and the difference before and after exercise. RESULTS: The trunk muscle thickness was increased in both groups with suspension plank and modified bridge exercise, and there was a statistically significant difference. When comparing the two groups, the suspension plank group also showed a significant difference in RA (p<.05). CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, suspension plank exercise can have a positive effect on activating the trunk muscles and strengthening the strength of RA. Therefore, it is considered that suspension plank exercise is a more effective intervention to strengthen trunk muscle than modified bridge exercise.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2005

산란계 사료내 비태인의 첨가가 사료내 조단백질 수준에 따라 산란계의 생산성, 난 품질, 혈액 성상, 복강 지방 및 간의 아미노산 함량에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 구명하기 위하여 산란계 18주령 ISA-Brown산란계 432수를 이용하여 24주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 처리구는 조단백질(14.5, $16.5\%$)과 비태인(0, 600ppm)을 각각 다른 수준으로 급여하여 $2\times2$ 요인분석시험을 실시하였다. 시험 사료는 대사 에너지 수준이 2,800kcal/kg, methionine과 lysine, cysteine의 수준은 단백질 수준에 비례하도록 배합하였다. 산란율과 난중은 매일 조사하였고, 사료 섭취 량과 계란 품질은 4주마다 측정하였다. 시험 종료시 복강지방과 간을 채취하였으며, 혈액중의 총단백질과 알부민, 요산 함량을 측정하였다. 산란율은 단백질 $16.5\%$ 처리구가 $14.5\%$ 처리구에 비하여 유의적으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 비태인 급여에 의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 난중은 단백질 $16.5\%$ 처리구와 비태인 600ppm 첨가구에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 산란량 또한 단백질 $16.5\%$ 처리구와 비태인 600ppm 첨가구에서 증가하였다(P<0.05). 그리고 사료요구율도 단백질 $16.5\%$ 처리구와 비태인 600ppm 첨가구에서 유의하게 개선되었다(P<0.05). 난각강도, 난각 두께, 호유닛은 비태인 첨가로 처리구간에 차이를 나타내지 못하였다. 혈청의 total protein과 albumin 함량은 처리구간에 통계적인 차이가 없었고, uric acid는 사료내 단백질 수준에 의존적으로 증가하였지만, 비태인 급여 수준의 차이가 미치는 영향은 없었다. 복강지방 함량은 비태인 600ppm 첨가구에서 무첨가구에 비하여 현저하게 감소되었다(P<0.05). 간의 아미노산 함량은 높은 단백질 수준$(16.5\%)$ 또는 비태인(600ppm) 첨가로 인하여 유의적으로 증가하였다(P<0.05). 그리고 단백질 함량이 낮은 $14.5\%$ 처리구에서는 비태인을 첨가함으로써 간의 아미노산 함량에 상승 효과를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 본 시험 결과, 비태인은 산란계의 생산성을 개선시키며, 복강 지방을 감소시키고, 저단백질 사료에서 간의 아미노산 함량 증가에 효과적으로 작용하였다.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 1996

Main cause of low back pain is a poor posture. Most low back pains are due to a poor posture. The poor posture induces muscle tension and finaliy low back pain. The poor posture arehabitually trained from the childhood by the environmetal factors. In general, maintaining good posture during working and sleeping hours are the first line of defence against back pam. (1) Supine posture is the easiest posture that relaxes and fixes muscles. Supine posture is thus a starting position for on exercise. Lying down releases the weight pressures of head and shoulder and thus body can be relaxed and extended which are helpful for treating back pain. However, supine posture can increase the pressure in ribcage posture aspect and disphragram due to visceral oragans. (2) Sitting in one position for a long time results in fatigue and relaxation of spinal muscies. Finally, body strength is weakened and sitting posture will become poor. If this poor posture continues for a longer time, pain will be accompanied due to overelongation of muscle ligaments. The habitual poor posture could induce intervertebral disc distortion. If the intervertebral disc is damaged, sitting in one position or movement causes pain. (3) Abnormal lumbar curve induces the tention of abdominal muscle and paravertebral muscle groups as well as tention of lower limb muscle group connected to pelvis. For a person with weak body strength, muscle relaxation increases curvature in lumbar, chest and cervical regions. This will induce a pelvic anterior tilting of the imaginary line between A. S. I. S. and P. S. I. S. Hip joint extensor muscle acts on releasing the pelvic anterior tilting. Contrections of hamstring muscle and femoral muscle recover the imaginary line between A.S.LS. and P.S.I.S. from pelvic anterior tilting. thus, contraction of rectus abdominis muscle are required to maintain the normal lumbar curve.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the maximum core muscle activation angle according to core-strengthening exercises. Method: Twenty-six young female football players (age: $17.84{\pm}0.80years$, height: $163.08{\pm}5.25cm$, weight: $54.96{\pm}7.41kg$) registered in the Korea Football Association from D High School located in Seoul were the subjects of this research. An electromyogram (Noraxon, USA) was used for monitoring the maximum core muscle contraction activity. Results: The angle for the maximum core muscle strength per core exercise and muscle was the smallest for the upper rectus abdominis in the windshield wiper exercise. The angle of the vastus medialis was significantly the largest. The range of angles at which the maximum strength was observed for each core exercise were as follows: 1) abdominal flutter kicks ($11{\sim}40^{\circ}$), 2) leg raises ($21{\sim}34^{\circ}$), 3) scissors ($45{\sim}66^{\circ}$), 4) knee to elbow sit-ups ($42{\sim}64^{\circ}$), 5) reverse crunches ($9{\sim}40^{\circ}$), 6) butt-ups ($24{\sim}32^{\circ}$), 7) V sit-ups ($5{\sim}24^{\circ}$), 8) windshield wipers ($11{\sim}20^{\circ}$), 9) bird dog ($11{\sim}18^{\circ}$), and 10) raised leg plank ($38{\sim}50^{\circ}$). Conclusion: Four kinds of motion could be classified according to the range of angles at which the core muscles were maximally activated. The first group involves the range of motion that gives the maximum muscle strength when the lower extremity and ground angle was between $5^{\circ}$ and $24^{\circ}$, such as the V sit-ups, windshield wipers, and bird dog. The second group comprised the flutter kicks and reverse crunches at an angle between $9^{\circ}$ and $40^{\circ}$. The third group comprised the leg raise and butt-up exercises at an angle between $21^{\circ}$ and $34^{\circ}$. The fourth group included the scissors, knee to elbow sit-ups, and raised leg plank at an angle between $38^{\circ}$ and $66^{\circ}$. These results may be useful as basic data for core movement and core muscle training according to the purpose of exercise.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2013

본 연구는 대학 엘리트 카나디언 선수들의 등속성 근기능을 검사 및 진단하여 선수들의 기능 향상 및 상해예방을 위한 훈련 방법론에 대한 조언을 하고자 함에 목적이 있다. 경주 소재 D 대학의 평균 8.5년의 경력을 가진 8명의 엘리트 선수들이 실험에 참가했으며, Biodex system III, Biodex stabilizer system, THP 2, Inbody 720이 근기능 검사(peak torque, average power, work fatigue), 동적 균형 검사, 신체성분 검사를 위해 사용되었다. 등속성 근기능 검사는 어깨와 허리, 무릎 관절에 대하여 실시하였으며, 측정 후 동측 불균형과 좌 우측 불균형 정도를 평가하였다. 검사 결과 A3, A4, A5, A6, A8 선수는 어깨의 근력과 파워 훈련이, A1, A2, A7, A8 선수는 어깨의 근지구력 훈련이 필요한 것으로 평가되었다. A2, A5, A8 선수는 허리의 근력과 파워 강화 훈련이 필요하였고, A1, A8 선수는 허리의 근지구력 강화 훈련이 필요하였다. 대부분의 선수들은 무릎과 허리의 동측 근력비가 정상적이지 못했는데, 이의 개선을 위해 A2, A3, A4, A8 선수는 복근의 강화가 필요했고 A3, A5, A6, A7, A8 선수는 햄스트링의 강화가 요구되었다. 선수들의 BMI 평균은 24.90 $kg/m^2$, 체지방율은 12.23%, 반응시간 평균은 324 msec, 밸런스 점수는 각각 2.0 미만으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 카나디언 엘리트 선수들은 근력 불균형에 의한 경기력 저하와 상해 잠재 위험성이 있으므로 정기적인 근기능 검사를 통한 관리와 함께 적절한 훈련 처방이 필요할 것이라 생각된다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to introduce the music therapy as one of the 17 kinds of oriental medicine music therapy and investigate the record in the literature. The spleen is an organ that has the function of digestion, absorption, and supply of nutrition. Damp, anxiety, and improper diet can cause deficiency syndrome of the spleen. The symptoms of deficiency of the spleen are poor appetite, abdominal distension, borborygmus, water-grain dysentery, dyspepsia, and lack of strength in limbs. CV12, CV6, S36, B20, B21, and Sp4 are can be used as acupuncture points that are a great help to the patients who suffer from deficiency of the spleen. This study describes the theory of invigorating the spleen music therapy that has a good possibility as a new method of oriental medical treatment and present the acupuncture points that can be used with invigorating the spleen music therapy. The tone of the spleen is Gung(宮) and the sound of the spleen is related to a song. The music therapy of invigorating the spleen includes beating Earth-Gi(地氣) rhythm with Cheonnyeonmanse, stimulating Spleen Meridian and Stomach Meridian with Gayaguem sanjo jungjungmori, and acupuncture with "Le Cygne" of Camille Saint-Saens.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제35권7호
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• pp.1248-1257
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of an exercise program for middle-aged obese women. Method: The exercise program combined folk dance and resistance training. The subjects group consisted of 85 middle-aged obese women between 40 and 60 years of age. Three 8 week sessions consisted of a $55-80\%$ maximum heart rate (MHR) exercise for 60-90 minutes a day and 3 times a week from March to November, 2004. Data was collected through a pre- and post-exercise test before and after each session. Data was collected with Inbody, dynamometer and blood. This data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, and a paired t-test with an SPSS/PC(10.0 version) program. Results: There were significant positive changes in body weight, body fat mass, body mass index, percent body fat, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, and balance quality, but no significant positive changes in skeletal mass, fat free mass, percent abdominal fat(waist-hip ratio), visceral fat area, agility, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, or triglycerides. Conclusion: This study showed that an exercise program has partially positive effects for middle-aged obese women. The results of this study show that exercise at community health centers should continue for middle-aged obese women's health.