• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

Objectives : If patients notice a symptom indicating inveterate dyspepsia but they don't have any problem around gastroscope, they get diagnosed as a functional dyspepsia or an imaginary stomach disease, but to overcome the limitations of these diagnoses, we are analyzing them for the common feature and are looking for a new diagnostics for them. Methods : Based on our survey with 122 patients with inveterate dyspepsia, we analyzed the period of onset, eating habits, the main symptoms, and observations on the gastroscope. We also analyzed the function of the stomach and intestines by EAV examinations, and the outer walls of the stomach and intestines by subdividing the level of coagulation into six with abdominal palpation. Results : We figured out that people who appeals about inveterate dyspepsia have had long period of onset, and that they had bad eating habits, shoulder stiffness, neck stiffness, headache, dizziness, etc. These are all the similar symptoms beside dyspepsia, which indicates that it is a syndrome. From about 70%, they didn't had particular problem in gastroscope, and as to be seen from the result of EAV examination, their stomachs and intestines had become functionless. Also, we were able to feel a stiffened tissue through abdominal palpation. Conclusion : Through this investigation, we found out that what the gastroscope can not find so that gets diagnosed as a functional dyspepsia or an imaginary stomach disease can be diagnosed as a syndrome called damjeok by overcoming the limitation utilizing the survey, EAV examinations, and abdominal palpation. We can find a mighty significance from the fact that it can be diagnosed as a syndrome.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.170-188
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the diagnostic factors of Damjeok in the literature. Methods: This study used the databases of five (Mediclassics, RISS, KMbase, OASIS, CNKI) to analyze diagnostic factors of Damjeok. Literatures published by May 2023 were assessed and we classified 91 literatures dealing with diagnostic factors by 5 categories, 'characteristics', 'location', 'symptom', 'pulse wave & tongue feature', and 'eating habits & lifestyle'. Results: Damjeok is mainly formed at the stomach in the form of lump or hard seed, and it can be observed in other regions or even the whole body by its trait of floating. Damjeok mainly shows symptoms of the digestive system and also causes various symptoms associated with the respiratory system and infection, musculoskeletal system, urogenital system, neuropsychiatric system and cardiovascular system. Regarding pulse wave and tongue feature, a slippery wave and greasy coated tongue are typical features of Damjeok. Additionally, bad eating habits and a lack of exercise have been described as a factor that cause and aggravate Damjeok. Conclusions: The two most important factors in the diagnosis of Damjeok are abdominal stiffness by physical examination and digestive symptoms, and these correspond to the definition of a syndrome. Diagnostic factors based on literature evidence will provide clues to the clinical diagnosis of Damjeok syndrome.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.31-31
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• 2016

Purpose: To describle clinical features and enzyme activity of Vietnamese patients with Mucolipidosis type II. Methods: Clinical features, laboratory and plasma lysosom enzyme activity by 4 MU-Fluorometric assay was studied from 2014-2015 at the Northern referral center of Pediatrics - National Children's Hospital. Results: 16 cases (7 girls and 9 boys) were diagnosed with I-cell bases on clinical symptoms and enzyme activities studies. Diagnosis age was $5.93{\pm}4.28$ years, onset age was recognised from birth to 4 years (median 1.25) with the feature of joint stiffness and bone deformation. All cases presented with the feature of joint stiffness, chest deformation and kyphoscoliosis; Fifteen cases (93.7%) had coarse facial features. No patients had hepatosplenomegaly on abdominal ultrasound, 5/15 patients had heart valves disease. Enzyme assay showed ${\alpha}$-Hexosaminidase of $1,885.9{\pm}338.7$ (nmol/mg plasma/17 hrs), ${\alpha}$-Iduronate sulfatase of $4,534.8{\pm}1,062.9nmol/mg$ plasma/4 hrs). Conclusion: Mucolipidosis II seriously affected the life of the patients with skeletal deformities, contractures develop in all joints and cardiac involvement.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tools (i., extracorporeal shock wave therapy, massage gun, and foam roller) on range of motion, muscle tone and pain threshold among patients with hamstring stiffness. Methods : Fourteen participants with hamstrings stiffness were recruited. Interventions were performed 6 times, and each session was for 30 seconds using the three tools. The range of motion, muscle tone, and pain threshold were measured. The order of the use of the three tools was randomly determined. The foam roller was made to move from the bottom of the hip crease to the upper part of the back of the hamstring. Additionally, velocity 5 vibration stimulation was performed on the hamstring using a massage gun. Moreover, vibration stimulation was performed on the hamstring with extracorporeal shock wave therapy 5 minutes, 5 Hz, and 1,500 strokes. The flexibility of the posterior thigh muscle was based on maintaining the knee and hip joints in a 90 ° bend in the supine position. The joint angle of the knee was measured, when the knee was actively extended, at the maximum point where the posterior thigh muscle was stretched. The elasticity of the posterior thigh muscle was measured while the subject was prone and in a relaxed state without any force. Measurements were made at the muscle abdominal area of the semitendinosus muscle of the posterior femur, and the area to be measured was marked with a pen. The measurement of the tenderness threshold of the posterior femur was measured using a tenderness meter(Commander Algometer, J-Tech, USA). The force value at the point at which the pressure sensation change to pain was measured after applying vertical pressure to the posterior femur muscle, which was the halfway point between the ischial tuberosity and the popliteal surface of the subject lying on their stomach. Results : The extracorporeal shock wave therapy increased stiffness and, muscle tone, and caused changes in the pain threshold, whereas the other two tools had no effect on these indices. Conclusion : Extracorporeal shock wave therapy has important effects on range of motion and muscle stiffness and can be used in warmup protocols.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.873-878
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• 2019

뇌혈관 질환은 우리나라의 주요 10대 사망 원인 중 3대 사인에 해당하며, 이러한 질환은 동맥경화와 관련이 있으므로 동맥경화를 예측할 수 있는 인자의 진단 방향의 제시가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 연령대별 상완-발목동맥 맥파전달속도와 뇌동맥 혈관 협착 및 혈압, 비만도, 복부비만과의 유의성을 평가하였으며, 뇌동맥 혈관 협착과 연령대별 유의성 평가는 50대의 연령대에서만 유의한 결과를 나타내었으며, 동맥경화의 위험인자인 혈압, 비만, 복부비만의 경우 전체 연령대에서 유의한 결과를 나타내었다. 그리고 상완-발목동맥 맥파전달속도가 상승하였을 경우, 뇌동맥 혈관 협착은 전체 1,376명중 788명으로 57.2%의 분포를 나타내었으며, 위험인자인 혈압의 경우, 전체 7,557명중 3,255명으로 43%, 비만도는 2,708로 35.8%, 복부비만은 2,941명으로 38.9%의 분포를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 상완-발목동맥 맥파전달속도 검사 시, 동맥경화가 의심된다면 우선적으로 뇌동맥 혈관 협착을 의심하고 뇌동맥 혈관 검사를 시행할 것을 권한다. 동맥경화의 위험인자인 혈압, 비만, 복부비만과의 유의성 평가를 통하여 향 후 유사 연구 시, 기초자료로 활용될 것이라고 사료된다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 1996

Purpose : Aseptic meningitis is relatively frequent in children and caused mostly by enterovirus. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of early diagnosis (spinal tapping) on symptom duration of childhood aseptic meningitis. Methods : One hundred fifty-three children who were hospitalized due to aseptic menigitis in the Department of Pediatrics St. Benedict Hospital from July 1996 through October 1996 were included in this study. Patients were divided to two groups according to the duration from first symptom onset to diagnosis. Early diagnosis group is diagnosed within 3 days from first symptom onset. Later diagnosis group is diagnosed after 4 days from first symptom onset. Results : 1) The average age of these patients was 4.3 years old in early diagnosis group and 4.1 years old in later diagnosis group. The sex ratio(male: female) was 2.04:1 in early diagnosis group and 2.5:1 in later diagnosis group. 2) The mean duration of diagnosis of this study was 2.04 day in early diagnosis group and 5.12 day in later diagnosis group. 3) The percentage of symptom and sign of the early diagnosis group were fever(100%), headache(88.4%), vomiting(86.9%), abdominal pain(39%), neck stiffness(36.2%), skin rash(18.8%), diarrhea(16.9%) and that of later diagosis group were fever(100%), headache(83.3), vomiting(80.9%), abdominal pain(47.6%), neck stiffness(41.6%), skin rash(29.7%), diarrhea(16.6%). 4) Initial CSF findings revealed leukocyte $146.8{\pm}386.3/mm^3$ with PMNL 38%, protein 32.47mg/dl, sugar 66.23mg/dl in early diagnosis group and leukocyte $458.1{\pm}663.2/mm^3$, protein 31.22mg/dl, sugar 64.21 mg/dl in later diagnosis group. 5) There was no statistically significant differance in the peripheral blood findings between early diagnosis group and later diagnosis group. 6) The duration of disappearance of symptom after spinal tap were 2.3 days in early diagnosis group and 2.24 days in later diagnosis group. Total symptom duration was 4.34 days in early diagnosis group and 7.36 days in later diagnosis group. Conclusions : Our results demonstrate that early diagnosis(early spinal tap) shortened duration of clinical symptoms.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 1994

To investigate the cause of Farmers' Syndrome, this study was done in some rural areas of Kyoungsangam Province, from July to August of 1993. 117 men and 112 women were completed interview, medical examination and laboratory examination. The results were as follows. 1. The prevalence of Farmers' Syndrome in women was 509 per 1,000 and it was significantly higher than that in men, 329 per 1,000(p=0.0026). Prevalence of age adjusted with rural population of Kyungsangnam Province of 1985 was 204 per 1,000 in men and 383 per 1,000 in women. The average age of subjects with Farmers' Syndrome, 58.9 was significantly higher than that of subjects without Farmers' Syndrome, 53.2(p<0.001). 2. The most frequent symptom was lumbago(27.7%), and the second was numb limbs(21.6%), and the third was shoulder stiffness(20.9%). Less than 10% of study subjects complained of breathlessness, sleeplessness, dizziness. Women complained of shoulder stiffness(p<0.001), lumbago(p<0.001), numb limbs(p<0.05), dizziness(p<0.001), abdominal fullness(p<0.001) significantly frequently than men. 3. Those aged 50 or more complained of shoulder stiffness(p<0.001), lumbago(p<0.01), numb limbs(p<0.001), nocturia(p<0.001), breathlessness(p<0.05), sleeplessness (p<0.05) and dizziness(p<0.05) significantly frequently than those aged less than 50. 4. By logistic regression, the risk factors significantly associated with Farmers' Syndrome were age(odds ratio(OR)=1.05, 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.02-1.07), sex(OR of 75,95% CI 0.58-0.97), and mental stress(OR=1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.86). 5. By logistic regression, the risk factors significantly associated with each component symptom of Farmers' Syndrome were as follows. There were significant associations between sex(OR of male=0.51) with shoulder stiffness, age(OR=1.04) and mental stress(OR=1.72) with lumbago, age(OR=1.06), regular exercise(OR=0.35) and mental stress(OR=1.63) with numb limbs, age(OR=1.06) and abnormal LFT(OR=1.59) with nocturia, age(OR=1.08) with breathlessness, sex(OR of male=0.56) with dizziness respectively.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.151-217
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• 1989

In this thesis, I intend to study the translational and clinical interpretation through the theory of Ja-Yeol, and reached the following conclusions. 1. Liver-Heat-Disease due to absess of the function of expelling and lifting off, that Liver-Yang cannot lift up to upper-warmer, and stagnate liver. I think the symptoms of yellowish urine, abdominal pain, somnolence, fever belong to the syndrome of 'Gi-Bun(氣分)', and the symptoms of ravings with surprising, distending pain of hypochondrium, restless involuntary movement of the limbs, unable to lie flat belong to the syndrome of 'Hyeol-Bun(血分)'. 2. Heart-Heat-Disease due that 'Eum-Gi(陰氣)' in heart cannot lay down and reach to stagnate at heart, inner part. I think the symptoms of unjoy, acute cardiac pain, fidgetiness, well-nausea, headeche, reddish face, anhidrosis, etc. reveal with Heart-Heat-Disease. 3. Spleen-Beat-Disease due that 'Eum-Gi' in spleen cannot lay down and Yin of spleen changs heat. I think the symptoms of heaviness of head, cheek pain, fidgetiness, cyanosis, well-nausea, fever, not to let flex and reflex with back pain, diarrhea with abdominal pain, left and right cheek pain reveal with Spleen-Heat-Disease. I think symptoms of fever, diarrhea with abdominal pain belong to the syndrome of Yin-exhausion. 4. Lung-Heat-Disease due to that 'Eum-Gi' in lung cannot lay down. When 'Wi-Gi(衛氣)' stagnates at external part, I think, the symptoms of intolerance to wind and cold, yellowish fur, fever reveal. When Wi-Gi stagnates at lung, inner part, I think, the symptoms of dispnea with cough, pain on chest and back, unable to breath deeply, hydrosis and chilling reveal. 5. Kidney-Heat-Disease, in that the symptoms of back pain, leg aching, extreme thirst and frequently drink, fever, pain and stiffness of nape, cooling and aching leg, heat on plantar pedis, not trying to speak reveal is regarded external heat disease of 'Tai-Yang-Gyeong's(太陽經)' disease that asthenic fever open 'Tai-Yang-Gyeong' and lift by not enough of 'Yang-Gi(陽氣)' lifeing up from Kidney space, the water space of five elements.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.311-327
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of diaphragmatic breathing on activation of trunk muscles of patients with low back pain. Diaphragmatic breathing may affect activation of trunk muscles. The assumptions are as follows: the crural diaphragm attatches to the lumbar vertebrae from L1 to L3, the voluntary downward pressurization of the diaphragm increases intra-abdominal pressure, and this increases the stiffness of the spine. Diaphragmatic breathing increases intra-abdominal pressure and the increased intra-abdominal pressure may contribute to the lumbar stability. Sixty patients with low back pain were randomly divided into two groups. Experimental group performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise with six breathing positions and control group performed only the breathing positions for five times per week during six weeks. % maximal voluntary contraction(% MVC) of trunk muscles on six breathing positions of experimental and control group was measured according to testing period of pre test, three weeks, and six weeks. The repeated measures of one-way ANOVA were used to analyze % MVC on trunk muscles of experimental and control group according to testing period. The results of this study were as follows: First, % MVC of right and left erector spinae in the right leg extension position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Second, % MVC of right and left erector spinae in all-four positions indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Third, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the sitting position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Fourth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the standing position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Fifth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the supine position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). Sixth, % MVC of right and left erector spinae, external oblique in the lying on prone position indicated the statistically significant difference in experimental group which performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise rather than control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, as experimental group performed diaphragmatic breathing exercise according to the period of pre-test, post three weeks, and post six weeks, experimental group showed the greater significant effect on the activation of right, left erector spinae, and external oblique muscle. Diaphragmatic breathing exercise which resulted in activation of trunk muscles can be effective for managing the patients with back pain and should be utilized as the new therapeutic intervention.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권9호
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• pp.1012-1017
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• 2008

목 적 : 가와사끼병은 회복기나 사춘기와 성인기에 정상인보다 동맥경화의 위험성이 크다고 알려져 있어 이에 대한 조기진단과 관리가 매우 중요하다. 이에 저자들은 가와사끼병을 앓은 학동기나 학동전기 아동을 대상으로 복부대동맥의 신전성과 동맥경화의 조기예측인자인 지질 성분과 혈액학적 염증 지표들을 조사하여 가와사끼병의 장기 관리의 기초적인 자료로 활용하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 충남대학교병원 소아과에서 1998년 6월부터 2005년 3월까지 가와사끼병으로 치료받았던 28명을 관상동맥병변이 지속되고 있는 8명(1군)과 관상동맥병변이 없었던 20명(2군)으로 나누어 조사하였고, 가와사끼병이 있는 군과 연령, 체중, 신장이 일치하는 건강한 소아 30명을 대조군(3군)으로 하였다. 지질 성분과 혈액학적 염증지표를 측정하였고, 혈압은 자동혈압계를 이용하여 앙와위에서 15분 안정 후 3회 측정하여 그 평균치를 구하였다. 심장초음파검사는 심실기능과 관상동맥병변 등을 조사하였으며 복부의 subxiphoid long axis view에서 복부 대동맥의 최대 수축기 직경과 최소 이완기직경을 측정하였다. 결 과 : 호모시스테인은 환자군과 대조군 사이에 유의한 차이(P=0.008)가 있었으나 지질성분에서는 차이가 없었다. 복부대동맥의 경직도를 나타내는 지표인 Ep, $Ep^*$는 대조군에 비해 환자군에서 유의(P<0.05)하게 증가되었으며, 관상동맥병변의 유무에 따라 비교해 보면 관상동맥병변이 있는 군(1군)에서는 유의한 차이를 보였으나 관상동맥병변이 없는 군(2군)은 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 1군과 2군을 비교해 보았을 때 Ep, $Ep^*$이 1군에서 유의하게 증가해 있었다. 결 론 : 가와사끼병을 앓은 후 조기동맥경화의 변화는 학동기에도 나타날 수 있으며, 이는 관상동맥병변이 있는 환자에서 더욱 현저하다. 이에 대한 선별검사로 성인에서 이용되고 있는 동맥경화의 조기예측인자인 지질 성분과 혈액학적 염증지표들 및 혈관의 물리적 특성(PWV, FMD) 이외에도 복부 대동맥경직도가 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.