• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.329-332
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• 2011

Purpose: In developed countries, vesicovaginal fistula occur from various pelvic operations including total hysterectomy, leading to urinary leakage and incontinence. Although various methods have been proposed for adequate tissue coverage in fistula repair, the surgical treatment of is not simple and still controversial. We report a case of neobladder-vaginal fistula repair using modified Martius fat pad flap. Methods: A 62-year-old female patient underwent radical cystectomy with total abdominal hysterectomy and neobladder formation due to invasive bladder tumor 5 years ago. For 3 years following the operation, urine leakage was observed. Exploration demonstrated neobladder-vaginal fistula and primary repair including fistulectomy and direct closure was performed. Urinary incontinence relapsed 2 years after primary repair, and after demonstrating the recurrence of fistula on urography, repair of recurrent fistula was performed. After dissection of vagina and neobladder and closure of fistula by urologic surgeon, fibroadipose flap was elevated, rotated and advanced through the tunnel at vaginal sidewall, and interpositioned to the fistula site between neobladder and vagina. Results: There was no acute complication after the surgery and urethral catheter was extracted on the 8th day after the operation. During six month follow-up period after the operation, there is no clinical evidence of fistula recurrence. Conclusion: From our clinical experience and literature review, we think Martius fat pad flap is a useful technique in management of neobladder-vaginal fistula, for it provides enough vascularity, major epithelization surface and better lymphatic drainage, and also prevents overlapping of vesical, vaginal suture lines at the same time.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.190-202
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of Gamimahaenggamseok-tang and Typhae Pollen on Body Weight and Lipid Metabolism of Rats with Obesity induced by high fat diet. Sixty four male Sprague-Dawley rats, around 250g of B.W., were divided into normal, control, sample A and sample B groups. Normal groups were orally administrated with saline and normal animal feed, and control groups with saline and high fat diet, sample A with liquid extract of Gamimahaenggamseok-tang and high fat diet, and sample B with liquid extract of Typhae Pollen and high fat diet. After 4 and 8 weeks administration, body weight, epididymal fat pad weight, weight of liverㆍspleenㆍkidney, abdominal skin fold thickness, feed intake, and lipid level in liver tissue on morphological examination; total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, and phospholipid on serum examination were measured in all of the groups.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2004

The present experiment was conducted to assess the efficacy of methionine hydroxy analogue free fatty acid (MHAFA) in comparison to DL-methionine (DL-Met) utilizing day-old commercial broiler chicks (n=300). The chicks were randomly distributed into 30 groups of 10 chicks each. Three dietary treatments, viz. D1-maize-soybean meal based basal diet (Control), D2- control diet supplemented with DL- methionine to meet its requirements and D3-control supplemented with MHA-FA @ 1.54 times of DL-methionine used in D2, were formulated. Each dietary treatment was offered to 10 replicated groups of chicks following completely random design (CRD). The chicks fed on supplemental DL-Met had significantly higher (p<0.01) gain in body weight, followed by MHA-FA group and control during 0-3 weeks of age. During overall growth period (0-6 weeks), chicks in DL-Met and MHA-FA groups grew better (p<0.01) than those in control. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) improved (p<0.01) on supplementation of either DL- Met or MHA-FA in the basal (Control) diet during 0-3 weeks of age. The FCR for overall period, however, did not differ statistically (p>0.05) amongst the treatments. The eviscerated yields emanated from diets with DL-Met or MHA-FA were higher (p<0.01) than that in Control. Abdominal fat pad was also more (p<0.01) in broilers fed control diet than in DL-Met or MHA-FA supplemented group. Breast yield was higher (p<0.05) in MHA-FA fed broilers than those fed DL-methionine supplemented or un-supplemented diets. The efficacy of MHA-FA in comparison to DL-Met for growth was 62.11, 64.82 and 63.88% and for feed efficiency was 62.98, 67.73 and 64.01% at 0-3, 3-6 and 0-6 weeks of age, respectively, while it was 65.85, 71.40 and 67.49% for eviscerated yield, abdominal fat pad reduction and breast yield at 6 weeks of age, respectively.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.73-92
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• 1993

본 시험은 사료의 에너지 및 단백질수준이 육계의 생산성 및 복강지방 축적에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 대사에너지 3수준(2,800, 3,000 및 3,200kcal/kg)과 단백질 3수준(16, 18 및 20%)을 조합한 9개 처리를 두었으며, 처리당 암수 각 39수씩 총 702수를 공시하여 1990년 7월 10일부터 9월 4일까지 8주간에 걸쳐 시험을 실시하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 증체양은 대사에너지수준이 증가할수록 점차 증가하는 경향을 보여 통계적인 유의성이 인정되었으나 (P＜0.05), 대사에너지 2,800kcal/kg과 3,000kcal/kg 또는 3,000kcal/kg과 3,200kcal/kg 수준간에는 유의차가 없었으며, 단백질수준간에도 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. 사료섭취량은 대사에너지 및 단백질수준이 증가할 수록 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 3. 사료요구율은 대사에너지수준이 증가할수록 현저히 개선되어 고도의 유의성이 인정되었으며(P＜0.01), 단백질수준이 증가할수록 점차 개선되는 경향을 보였으나(P＜0.05), 단백질 18%와 20% 수준간에는 유의차가 없었다. 4. 도체율은 대사에너지 및 단백질수준간에 일정한 경향이나 통계적인 유의차를 보이지 않았다. 5. 복강지방 축적률은 대사에너지수준이 증가할수록 현저히 증가하는 경상을 보였으나(P＜0.01), 대사에너지 2,800㎉/kg과 3,000kcal/kg 또는 3,000kcal/kg과 3,200kcal/kg 수준간에는 유의차가 없었으며, 단백질 15% 18% 수준간에는 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았으나 단백질 20%수준에서는 현저히 감소하여 고도의 유의성이 인정되었다. (P＜0.01). 6. kg증체당 사료비는 대사에너지수준이 증가할수록 점차 감소하는 경향이었고, 단백질 16% 및 20% 수준에 비해 18%수준에서 약간 감소하는 경향이었으나, 대사에너지 및 단백질 수준간에 통계적인 유의성은 인정되지 않았다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1987

고-섬유질 곡류의 육계의 성장률, 도체조성 및 복강지방 함량에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 갓 부화한 암평아리 240수를 공시하였다. 시험사료는 저-섬유질 곡류로서 옥수수와 수수를, 고-섬유질 곡류로서 호밀과 겉보리를 사용하였으며, 모든 사료는 에너지와 단백질 수준을 같게 하였다. 시험 설계는 4처리 5반복의 완전임의 배치법으로 하였으며, 반복당 12수를 철제 battery cage에 수용하였다. 통계적 유의성 검정은 5% 수준에서 실시하였고, 평균간의 비교는 신다준 검정법(Duncan, 1955)을 사용하였다. 육계의 성장률은 2주령 시에는 호밀 사료구가 6주령 시에는 수수와 호밀 사료구가 유의하게 불량하였으며, 사료 섭취량은 처리구별로 차이가 없었다. 사료효율은 3주령 시에는 유의성이 없었으나, 6주령 시에는 보리와 옥수수 사료구가 수수와 호밀 사료구에 비하여 유의하게 좋았다. 3주령된 육계의 내장 척출한 도체의 지방 함량은 호밀 사료구가 유의하게 낮았으며, 보리 사료구도 수수 사료구 보다는 낮았으나 옥수수구와는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 6주령된 육계의 내장 척출한 도체와 방혈ㆍ탈모만을 한 도체의 조성은 처리구별로 유의성이 없었다. 또한 복강지방 함량에 있어서도 곡류의 섬유질 함량에 따른 차이를 발견할 수 없었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.700-704
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• 2008

Anti-obesity effects of $\beta$-cyclodextrin in obese C57BL/6J mice induced by a high fat diet (HD) were observed. The administration of $\beta$-cyclodextrin reduced the gain of body weight, abdominal fat, liver weight, the lipid deposits of hepatocytes and the size of adipocytes in the HD group. In serum analysis, the total and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterols were significantly decreased in the $\beta$-cyclodextrin-supplemented HD group than in the HD group. However, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was not changed in these groups. In hypothalamic homogenates, the decrease of neuropeptide Y and increase of $\alpha$-melanocyte stimulating hormone were detected in the $\beta$-cyclodextrin-supplemented HD group compared to that in the HD group. These effects of $\beta$-cyclodextrin were similar to those of Garcinia cambogia, which is widely used as a natural anti-obesity product. These results suggest that $\beta$-cyclodextrin has anti-obesity effects through the lowering of the abdominal fat pad and inhibits the central effects of hunger.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.705-710
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine the effects of three different fat sources and their combination on growth performance, carcass traits and intestinal measurements of broiler chickens reared to 42 d of age. Two hundred day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to one of five treatments with four replicates of 10 chicks based on a completely randomized design. The dietary treatments consisted of 4% added fat from three different sources and their combination as follows: T, diet containing 4% tallow; CO, diet containing 4% canola oil; SFO, diet containing 4% sunflower oil; TCO, diet containing 2% tallow+2% canola oil; TSFO, diet containing 2% tallow+2% sunflower oil. Dietary fat type affected significantly BW and gain as well as feed efficiency in birds fed the TCO diets compared with those fed the other diets. Dietary fat type also modified meat yield, resulting in a higher breast and drumstick yields in the birds fed TCO and TSFO diets, respectively. Most of internal organ relative weights and small intestine measurements were not influenced by dietary treatments, except for the abdominal fat pad weight that was lower in birds fed SFO and for small intestinal length that was influenced by fat source. Results from the current study suggested that the supplementation with a combination of vegetable and animal fat sources in broiler diet supported positively growth performance and carcass parameters.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2014

본 연구는 안정 시 고지방식이 흰쥐의 골격근에서 PPAR-${\delta}$, PPAR-${\gamma}$ 그리고 PGC-$1{\alpha}$ 단백질 발현에 손바닥선인장 보충이 미치는 효과에 대하여 연구하였다. SD계 수컷 흰쥐 16마리를 무작위로 대조군(CG, n=8)과 실험군(EG, n=8)으로 분류하였다. 8주 동안 대조군은 고지방식이를 부하하였으며, 실험군은 5% 손바닥선인장을 보충식이하였다. 본 실험결과, 복부지방과 고환부 지방 중량은 EG군이 CG군에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(p<0.01). 또한 혈당, 중성지방, 총콜레스테롤의 농도도 EG군이 CG군에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(p<0.01). 한편, 골격근에서 PPAR-${\gamma}$와 PGC-$1{\alpha}$ 단백질 발현은 EG군이 CG군에 비해 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로부터 손바닥선인장 보충이 고지방식이 흰쥐의 혈당과 중성지방 농도의 감소와 골격근에서 PPAR-${\gamma}$와 PGC-$1{\alpha}$ 단백질 발현을 증가시킴으로서 체지방을 감소시켜 체중증가 억제에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.618-624
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Isoflavones are widely believed to be beneficial to human health, in relation to their antioxidant potentials. Exercise can cause an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. This study was conducted in order to investigate the ability of isoflavones in amelioration of oxidative stress induced by exercise. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of four groups: isoflavone-free with no exercise (CON-sd), isoflavone-free with exercise (CON-ex), isoflavone-supplemented with no exercise (ISF-sd), and isoflavone-supplemented with exercise (ISF-ex). Animals exercised on the treadmill for 30 minutes per day, five days per week. TBARS as a marker of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity, including SOD, GSH-px, and catalase were determined in liver tissue. Serum lipid profile was also examined. RESULTS: A significant effect of isoflavone alone was observed on abdominal fat pad mass. ISF-ex had significantly less abdominal fat pad than CON-ex. Both exercise and isoflavone treatment had significant effects on lowering plasma triglyceride (TG), thus, the ISF-ex group had a significantly lower TG level than the CON-sd group, by 30.9%. However, no differences were observed in plasma cholesterol, HDL-C, and cholesterol/HDL-C ratio. Exercise, isoflavone, and exercise-isoflavone interaction effects were significant on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (P = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.005, respectively). The CON-ex group showed a higher TBARS level than the other three groups. By contrast, in the ISF-ex group, TBARS was restored to the level of the ISF-sd or CON-sd group. Isoflavone had a significant effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) (P = 0.022) and catalase activities (P = 0.049). Significantly higher SOD and catalase activities were observed in ISF-ex than CON-ex. SOD and catalase activities showed an inverse pattern of TBARS. Taken together, isoflavones increased the activities of SOD and catalase with concomitant decreases in TBARS, indicative of decreased oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS: Isoflavone supplementation enhances antioxidant action with attenuation of exercise-induced oxidative stress, as measured by decreases in TBARS, and inhibits body fat accumulation and plasma TG increase. Antioxidative effects ascribed to isoflavones may be partially exerted via enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activities.

• 생약학회지
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• 제36권4호통권143호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2005

The roots of Rosa rugosa have been used to treat diabetes mellitus in the folkloric society of Korea. To demonstrate the active component for the rat obesity induced by high fat diet for 6 weeks, the phytochemical fractionation and the pharmacological activity test were performed on this crude drug. It was shown that the methanolic extract and its EtOAc fraction inhibited the weight increase of the rat body, abdominal fat pad and hyperlipidemia at 200 mg/kg dose. Further, the triterpenoids, euscaphic acid and tormentic acid, isolated from R. rugosa roots were active at 30 mg/kg in the same assay. The two components shifted serum total-, HDL, and LDL-cholesterol levels toward the values of the unteated group, suggesting that the active compounds has hypolipidemic effects. The rats fad euscaphic acid and tormentic acid also reduced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) and hydroxyl radical in the rat blood and increased superoxide dismutase activity compared to the control. TBARS values and carbonyl contest of the hepatic protein were reduced by treatment with the two triterpenoids. Antioxidative enzyme (SOD, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase) activities in hepatic were increased by treatment of rats with the triterpenoids, which suggests that triterpenoids inhibited the reduction of hepatic antioxidative activity caused by high fat diet. Taken together, these results support that euscaphic acid and tormentic acid improve a high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia via the activation of antioxidative mechanism.