• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.35-42
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• 2008

Besides genuine skin and clothes, it is called that building is third skin for us. That means the skin of buildings is the most important factor for our man-made environment. The issues in designing the building envelope include the insulation, infiltration, ventilation and bridging in windows. Getting light into the space safely and providing views to outdoor, additionally, are key things with the building envelope design. A deep-rooted preference for full view is still alive with large area of glass. Balcony expansion is legalized in apartment houses, which causes lots of environmental problems. Without balcony space, the adjacent space to unshaded window is exposed to the direct sun. A window can have many layers and the inner space can be utilized with an automatic blind system. Recently, the refurbished version of a double-glazed window system has been developed for the purpose of minimizing energy loss occurred around windows. For the better daylight control with equipped blind system, a set of adjustment technique of blind slats was tested in a mock-up building and recommended the detail operation. Not surprisingly, the optimized blind system can be oriented to enhance the uniformity in light distribution and direct glare from the sky as well..

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2018

PURPOSES : This study develops various models that can estimate the pattern of road surface temperature changes using machine learning methods. METHODS : Both a thermal mapping system and weather forecast information were employed in order to collect data for developing the models. In previous studies, the authors defined road surface temperature data as a response, while vehicular ambient temperature, air temperature, and humidity were considered as predictors. In this research, two additional factors-road type and weather forecasts-were considered for the estimation of the road surface temperature change pattern. Finally, a total of six models for estimating the pattern of road surface temperature changes were developed using the MATLAB program, which provides the classification learner as a machine learning tool. RESULTS : Model 5 was considered the most superior owing to its high accuracy. It was seen that the accuracy of the model could increase when weather forecasts (e.g., Sky Status) were applied. A comparison between Models 4 and 5 showed that the influence of humidity on road surface temperature changes is negligible. CONCLUSIONS : Even though Models 4, 5, and 6 demonstrated the same performance in terms of average absolute error (AAE), Model 5 can be considered the optimal one from the point of view of accuracy.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.49.3-49.3
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• 2021

The 76 cm telescope in Kyung Hee Astronomical Observatory is participating in the small telescope network of the SomangNet project, which started in 2020. Since the installation of the telescope in 1992, the system configuration has been changed several times. The optical system of this telescope has a Ritchey-Chrétien configuration with 76 cm in diameter and the focal ratio is f/7. The mount is a single fork equatorial type and its control system is operated by TheSkyX software. We use a science camera with a 4k × 4k CCD and standard Johnson-Cousins UBVRI filters, which cover a field of view of 23.7 × 23.7 arcmin. We are also developing the Kyung Hee Automatic Observing Software for the 76 cm telescope (KAOS76) for efficient operations. In this work, we present the standard star calibration results, the current status of the system, and the expected science capabilities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2010

Available daylight in inside offers comfortable view environment, and psychological and physical advantages to people in a room. Architectural design has a need for daylight prediction. But it is difficult to predict the illuminance values in daylight system. Using various Daylight simulation software is easy and simple, but we can find different results under the same conditions. This study compares with illuminance values from simulation (Lightscape 3.2, Relux 2007, Radiance 3.9) and Mock-up experiment with a same space and parameter of daylight (location of space and window, date, time and sky condition).

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2007

This study aims to evaluate the illuminance performance of sloped light guide with automated venetian blind systems. For the purpose, a mock-up model was constructed as a prototype of Korean office building with $12.0m{\times}7.3m{\times}3.7m$ ($w{\times}d{\times}h$) and south facing side-window mounted between the clerestory window($2.0m^2$) and the view window($5.6m^2$). The light guide of 1.28m deepth and $29^{\circ}$ tilted angle, is covered with 0.6mm galvanized steel sheet and 97% reflective film. To protect the room from low solar angle, a blind systems, 0.15m deepth and $30^{\circ}$ automated slat angle was installed. To assess illuminance performance, the totally 37 measuring points for illuminance were monitored. For the detailed analysis, photometric sensors were installed at work-plane (8 points), wall (7 points), ceiling (3points), and exterior horizontal illuminance (1 point) respectively. The performance was measured under clear sky and is monitored by Agilent data logger, photometric sensor Li-cor and the Radiant Imaging ProMetric 1400. Comparisons of light factor and uniformity are discussed.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.3
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• pp.155-172
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• 2005

Kim Whan-ki is an unusual instance in Korean modern artists, who payed attention to emotional and expressive effects of colors. The color of Whan-ki's paintings have been recognized as linked with 'blue' in spite that he used colors within the category of 'Colors of Five Directions(五方色)', which are traditional oriental colors composed of red, lue, yellow, white, green and black. Kim Whan-ki unearthed upon similarity of Five Directions Colors to the three(five) primary colors which modern abstract painter like Mondrian layed down. Whan-ki switched the five directions colors to modern ones. Kim Whan-ki's dot painting in which pure and watery color is sucked in ground is modernistic adaptation from ink painting. He packs a dot with sky and earth, moon and stars, forest and tree, birds and flowers, friends at his hometown, wind, sound and so on. Putting tens of thousands of these shapes and colors into a dot is modernistic version from ink painting. In that point there is a possibility to say that 'dark blue' of the dot painting is 'Hyun-saec(玄色)'. Eventually we can make sure that Kim Whan-ki's view of Art originated in oriental philosophy and beauty.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.22
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• pp.151-175
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• 2011

In this article, I have analyzed the signification of the death of Don Quijote from the oriental religious and philosophical point of view, comparing with the novels of Kim, DongRi. We are able to read Cervantes' hope for his absolute ideal to be lasting forever via the death of Don Quijote, in the base of a strong will named of Gukyeong's life. In the same time, we can also discovery death as lasting of life in the basis of buddhist idea and death as the unification with nature via the meeting between the living and the dead in the Montesinos Cave. Montesinos Cave symbolizes a unclassified and chaotic space, which the Shamanist can meet the dead with a extatic ceremony and both supernatural life and daily life coexist. Therefore, the symbolic death of Don Quijote in Montesinos Cave is abe to be explained by approaching to absolute freedom named of Hatal, in other words, voluntary and conscious death to escape from the yugo of being. Considering the fact that Kim, Dongri emphasized on the unification of sky, earth and human being, keeping a racial identification in the face of the stream of occidental materialism in the time of Japanese conquest, we can look for the similarity with Cervantes' ideal. Contrary to the religious dogmatic ideal, Cervantes treated to recover the human nature and vitality, transcending the occidental rationalism and religious ideology in the time of Counter-reformation.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.31-40
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• 2019

This study aims to establish Nammun-ro 2ga in Cheongju city in the 1960s as three-dimensional digital information data for the restoration of urban archetypes. For this purpose, referring to the existing restoration map and model of Cheongju urban area in the 1960s, and the results of this study are as follows. Firstly, the buildings that can be generally classified are prepared through the modeling of parametric families. Secondly, the untypical models(combined and broken roofs, atypical and large scale buildings) of them are simply performed through solid modeling. And then, these simplified models are simulated through a sky view, a walking sight, and information analysis. Through this study, it will be possible to visualize and regenerate the low and dense area of Cheongju city in the 1960s.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.71.3-71.3
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• 2015

Deep UBVI and $H{\alpha}$ photometry of the ${\eta}$ Carina nebula, one of the brightest nebulae on the sky, was obtained with the CTIO 4m telescope and MOSAIC II CCD Camera to determine the initial mass function down to low-mass (~1 M¤) stars. We modified the spatial variation coefficients in transformation relations of the MOSAIC II CCD. From the cross-identification of optical sources with previous surveys in X-ray, near-infrared, and mid-infrared, a clear PMS sequence is revealed in the optical color-magnitude diagrams down to V=23 mag. Our previous SSO 1m UBVI data for Trumpler 14 (Tr 14) and Trumpler 16 (Tr 16) region, and additional SSO 1m UBVI data for Trumpler 15 (Tr 15) region were combined with the CTIO 4m data to re-examine the reddening law and distance of the young open clusters in the ${\eta}$ Carina nebula. From the new photometric data for Tr 15 region, we report that RV[=AV/E(B-V)], the total-to-selective extinction ratio, decreases from southern part of the nebula (Tr 14 and Tr 16) to northern part (Tr 15) in our field of view.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.27-39
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• 2011

The study on Musan twelve peaks of Yongho garden in Jinju, Gyeongnam was anticipated to provide data and implication for reproducing similar spaces and modern changes in terms of design factor since it is the prototype of traditional mount for overcoming monotonous geographical features and intriguing changes and interests. The study analyzed and interpreted the symbolism of twelve peaks, principles of space composition and function and effect of visual construction that were pursued by the builder in terms of landscape view, which results are as following. The center of Yongho garden, Yonghoji(龍虎池) is a typical man-made pond for a supportive feng shui feature. It is a supporting equipment to complete the state of feng shui, and the result of strengthening the completion through the connection with the dragon-related name of the place. The shape of Musan twelve peaks looks like an oval form of Geumseongsan(金星山), 2~3.5m in height and 6~12m in diameter. Peaks are estimated as 1.5~3.7m(2.4m in average) in height, $35{\sim}138m^2$($73.4m^2$ in average) in area, and $30.7{\sim}115.0m^3$($62.5m^3$ in average) in volume. Given that Yonghojeong(龍虎亭), Soseon(小船), the site of main building and Yongsanjae(龍山齋) stand in line, Yonghoji was presumed as the state of enlightenment through ascribing the meaning to virtue and secularity. For the intention of realizing Musan twelve peaks, the builder probably had mounted twelve peaks forming the body of dragons with crossing the point corresponding to a head of tiger, and located Musan twelve peaks and Yonghojeong with a representation of dragons holding Cintamani rising into the sky in the center. The middle area near Musan twelve peaks surrounded by peaks like Geumseongsan running north and south shows a multi-structure of multilayer, maintaining the similarity centering on Yonghoji. It is considered the intention of mount planned at the time of Musan twelve peaks construction, caused by similar form harmony. Internalization of progressive realization through concealment and exposure, enframement effect and spatial order like prospect-refuge theory in the mount of Musan twelve peaks is considered the reflection of the intention to increase depth of the view and expectancy through the various degree of exposure and surroundings of each peak and the colorful combination of viewing and shutting. The "closed view" by Musan twelve peaks creates interesting, vivid and attractive recognition of the view, which is more effective in bringing depth of the view and interests in terms of the geographical design, particularly the area around Yonghoji. Moreover, it was identified that the combination of peaks can be formed resulted from the view configuration concerning the location through multilayer effect reveals an island through the other one when viewed from Yonghojeong.