• Title/Summary/Keyword: a property of matter

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Investigation of mulberry farm's soil properties and mulberry leaf nutritive components in local areas of Korea

  • Ju, Wan-Taek;Jeong, Chan Young;Kim, Seong-Wan;Park, Jong Woo;Kim, Nam-Suk;Kang, Sang Kuk;Kim, Kee-Young;Kweon, Hae-Yong;Lee, Seul-Bi;Kim, Woong;Gwak, Byeong-Sam;Han, Bong-Tae;Choi, Moon-Tae;Lee, Yoo Beom;Seok, Young-Seek
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.45 no.1
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2022
  • Mulberry is a hardy, perennial, deep-rooted plant capable of thriving under diverse agroclimatic conditions. The selection of suitable land and appropriate variety can help the sustainable mulberry field. However, no conclusive and comprehensive investigation has been conducted on the mulberry soil properties and nutritional composition of mulberry cultivars from Korea local areas in previous studies. In our study, soil properties and mulberry leaf components of Korea local mulberry farms were briefly investigated. In result, the soil organic matter (OM) content was significantly high in Buan (6.81%) and Jangseong (6.14%). In contrast, available phosphate (P2O5) was different in each local area. To investigate relationship between soil property and nutritive component of mulberry leaf, Cheongil leaf samples from 8 local areas were analyzed. Among the macrominerals (K+, Ca2+, Na+, and Mg2+), the concentration of K varied from (1884±9.36) mg/100 g to (2685±11.5) mg/100 g. The potassium (K+) of Cheongil leaf in Sangju was the highest at 2685 mg/100 g. Besides macrominerals, flavonoids, total dietary fiber contents and moisture of Cheongil leaf samples were studied in the 8 local areas. In terms of these contents, the variation was largely depending on the local areas. This study provides a possible industrial use of mulberry, and holds promise to enhance the overall profitability of sericulture.

Characteristics of Soy Protein Isolate Films Plasticized by Mixtures of Crystalline and Aqueous Sorbitol or Glycerin (솔비톨 혼합물과 글리세린 가소제에 의한 분리 대두단백질 필름의 특성연구)

  • Kim Ki-Myong;Hanna Milford A.;Choi Won-Seok;Cho Sung-Hwan;Choi Sung-Gil
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.285-291
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    • 2006
  • The effects of sorbitol mixture as plasticizers on moisture sorption property (MSP), water vapor permeability (WVP), color, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (E), and total soluble matter (TSM) of soy protein isolate (SPI) films were investigated. Two different types of sorbitols, aqueous and crystalline, were added to film-forming solutions in various ratios of crystalline to aqueous (0:1, 0.25:0.75, 0.5:0.5, 0.75:0.25, or 1:0, based on weight). In addition, the characteristics of the SPI films plasticized by sorbitol mixtures and glycerin were compared with moisture sorption rate against time. Sorbitol-plasticized films had higher in TS, but lower in WVP and E than the glycerin-plasticized films. However the properties of SPI films did not differ appreciably by the type of sorbitol added to film-forming solutions. To explain the high solubility and low WVP of sorbitol-plasticized films, cumulative amounts of moisture content gained during adsorption and lost during desorption of films were compared between sorbitol and glycerin-plasticized films. The result suggest that use of sorbitol as a plasticizer for preparing SPI films improves moisture barrier properties of the films. However the high solubility of sorbitol-plasticized films needs to be reduced for improving the functionality of SPI films in potential packaging applications.

Effects of Chitosan on Red Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Cultivation for Eco-friendly Agriculture (고추 친환경 재배를 위한 Chitosan 처리 효과)

  • Moon, Young-Hun;Lee, Jin-Ho;Ahn, Byung-Koo;Choi, In-Young;Cheong, Seong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.635-641
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    • 2012
  • The present study evaluated the effect of chitosan on the changes of soil chemical properties, soil microbial population, and yield of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) for eco-friendly agriculture in an upland field. We utilized four treatment groups, control, foliar spray, soil drench, and foliar spray + soil drench with chitosan, and analyzed these variations throughout the seven, fourteen, and twenty one days interval. The pH values, organic matter, and available phosphate in the upland soil at the harvesting stage decreased in the chitosan treatment. The populations of bacteria, actinomyces, and fungi in the upland field were increased in plots treated with chitosan. The chlorophyll content of leaves was no significant differences between the control and the chitosan treatments, while calcium content of leaves was significantly higher in the chitosan treatments than in the control. In addition, the nitrogen content of leaves was no significant differences between the foliar spray and the soil drench. The yield of red pepper was significantly higher in the control ($383kg\;10a^{-1}$) than the chitosan treatments and the yield of soil drench with chitosan reached up to 95% of control.

In Situ Spectroscopy in Condensed Matter Physics

  • Noh, Tae Won
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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    • 2014.02a
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    • pp.92-92
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    • 2014
  • Recently, many state-of-art spectroscopy techniques are used to unravel the mysteries of condensed matters. And numerous heterostructures have provided a new avenue to search for new emergent phenomena. Especially, near the interface, various forms of symmetry-breaking can appear, which induces many novel phenomena. Although these intriguing phenomena can be emerged at the interface, by using conventional measurement techniques, the experimental investigations have been limited due to the buried nature of interface. One of the ways to overcome this limitation is in situ investigation of the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure with increasing of the thickness. Namely, with very thin layer, we can measure the electronic structure strongly affected by the interface effect, but with thick layer, the bulk property becomes strong. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is powerful tool to directly obtain electronic structure, and it is very surface sensitive. Thus, the layer-by-layer evolution of the electronic structure in oxide heterostructure can be investigated by using in situ ARPES. LaNiO3 (LNO) heterostructures have recently attracted much attention due to theoretical predictions for many intriguing quantum phenomena. The theories suggest that, by tuning external parameters such as misfit strain and dimensionality in LNO heterostructure, the latent orders, which is absent in bulk, including charge disproportionation, spin-density-wave order and Mott insulator, could be emerged in LNO heterostructure. Here, we performed in situ ARPES studies on LNO films with varying the misfit strain and thickness. (1) By using LaAlO3 (-1.3%), NdGaO3 (+0.3%), and SrTiO3 (+1.7%) substrates, we could obtain LNO films under compressive strain, nearly strain-free, and tensile strain, respectively. As strain state changes from compressive to tensile, the Ni eg bands are rearranged and cross the Fermi level, which induces a change of Fermi surface (FS) topology. Additionally, two different FS superstructures are observed depending on strain states, which are attributed to signatures of latent charge and spin orderings in LNO films. (2) We also deposited LNO ultrathin films under tensile strain with thickness between 1 and 10 unit-cells. We found that the Fermi surface nesting effect becomes strong in two-dimensions and significantly enhances spin-density-wave order. The further details are discussed more in presentation. This work was collaborated with Hyang Keun Yoo, Seung Ill Hyun, Eli Rotenberg, Ji Hoon Shim, Young Jun Chang and Hyeong-Do Kim.

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Effect of Homemade Liquid Fertilizers on Chemical Property and Microbial Activity of Soil and Cucumber Growth (자가제조 액비처리가 토양 화학성과 미생물상 및 오이의 생장에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung, Ji-Sik;Jung, Seok-Kyu;Choi, Hyun-Sug
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.15-25
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    • 2019
  • The study was conducted to compare the chemical properties and microbial activity of soil and the crop productivity by applying homemade liquid fertilizers (LF) used in leading cucumber farms as well as to evaluate the eco-friendly LFs to substitute for a chemical fertilizer. Three homemade LFs, EM, starfish, and native microbes, and a chemical LF were regularly fertigated per three days during the growing season. Chemical LF contained the highest pH, EC (electrical conductivity), and concentrations of T-N, $P_2O_5$, K, Ca, and Mg, while the lowest EC level was observed for EM LF. Soil EC was the highest to the 3.0 dS/m for chemical LF-plots, with lowering soil pH, OM (organic matter), and Mg concentration. Soil chemical properties mostly increased in native microbes LF-plots. However, soil microbial properties were not significantly different among the LF treatment plots. OTU (operational taxonomic units), richness estimator, and diversity index of bacteria and fungi increased in the chemical LF and EM LF based on the pyrosequencing analysis. SPAD and PS II values on the treated-cucumber leaves were seasonally decreased from 32 to 60 days after transplanting, with the rapid decline observed at 45 days after transplanting. Number of leaves and crop height increased in the treatments with EM and native microbes LF. LF treated-cucumber crops were not significantly different for total fresh weight and fruit yield.

A Study on the Legal System in the Inter-Governmental Agreement on the International Space Station (국제우주정거장협정의 법제도에 관한 고찰방안)

  • Kim, Jong-Bok
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.9-27
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this paper is to study about the legal system of the Inter-governmental Agreement on the International Space Station('IGA') which was signed on Jan 29,1998. This paper is divided into three main parts ; 1) a review of ISS, 2) the principal rules of IGA, 3) the legal system of IGA. First, the paper draws an outline of ISS by dealing with (1) the definition, characteristics, and functions of ISS, (2) the composition of ISS. Second, the paper explains the principal rules of IGA which include (1) the rule of 'Partnership' and (2) the rule of 'Peaceful Purpose'. Third, the legal system of IGA is studied by looking at five different aspects: (1) the registration system, (2) a general jurisdiction, criminal jurisdiction and a control of jurisdiction, (3) intellectual property rights and other rights beside intellectual property, (4) cross-waiver of liability and several elements in compensation of damages, (5) the dispute resolution. IGA contains new contents and applications of legal system which was not included in the former space law. Therefore IGA will work as a model law for international cooperation of space development. It is important for us to study the matter of ISS, because disputes on the ISS are left solely to contracting parties although IGA will regulate overall situations. The renewed IGA is even more important because all the space development is expected to take place on an international cooperation basis. On the basis of this paper, all the important parts of IGA is expected to be further studied so that the research can contribute to the establishment of the legal system of space development in Korea.

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A Study on the Legal System in the Inter-Governmental Agreement on the International Space Station (국제우주정거장협정의 법제도에 관한 고찰)

  • Kim, Jong-Bok
    • The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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    • no.spc
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    • pp.17-34
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this paper is to study about the legal system of the Inter-governmental Agreement on the International Space Station('IGA') which was signed on Jan 29,1998. This paper is divided into three main parts ; 1) a review of ISS, 2) the principal rules of IGA, 3) the legal system of IGA. First, the paper draws an outline of ISS by dealing with (1) the definition, characteristics, and functions of ISS, (2) the composition of ISS. Second, the paper explains the principal rules of IGA which include (1) the rule of 'Partnership' and (2) the rule of 'Peaceful Purpose'. Third, the legal system of IGA is studied by looking at five different aspects: (1) the registration system, (2) a general jurisdiction, criminal jurisdiction and a control of jurisdiction, (3) intellectual property rights and other rights beside intellectual property, (4) cross-waiver of liability and several elements in compensation of damages, (5) the dispute resolution. IGA contains new contents and applications of legal system which was not included in the former space law. Therefore IGA will work as a model law for international cooperation of space development. It is important for us to study the matter of ISS, because disputes on the ISS are left solely to contracting parties although IGA will regulate overall situations. The renewed IGA is even more important because all the space development is expected to take place on an international cooperation basis. On the basis of this paper, all the important parts of IGA is expected to be further studied so that the research can contribute to the establishment of the legal system of space development in Korea.

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Analyses on the Physical and Electrochemical Properties of Al2O3 Coated LiCoO2 (리튬이차전지용 양극 활물질(LiCoC2)의 표면처리의 특성 분석 및 전기화학적 특성 고찰)

  • Chang, Youn-Han;Choi, Sei-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.184-189
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    • 2007
  • The importance of secondary battery industry is getting excited according to the development of battery industry as a high efficiency energy supplier of electronic machine of mobile information such as mobile phone, lap-top computer, PDA. It is rasing the interest about security of safety and high efficiency of cathode material for main part of secondary lithium battery. The cathode material which has been used like $LiCoO_2,\;LiMn_2O_4,\;LiNi_xCo_yMn_zO_2,\;LiNi_xCo_yM_zO_2$ (M=Al, Zr, Mg etc.,) the most typical material is $LiCoO_2$. But it is studying the development of substitute such as efficiency amelioration of $LiCoO_2$, thetiary element, olivine element because of the capacity of $LiCoO_2$, the matter of security; especially the betterment of efficiency, security research of safety has been actively processed in domestic and overseas about surface coating treatment of active cathode which is using oxide ($M_xO_3$). This study analyses side effect of battery according to increase of surface treatment, formation of precipitation for reagent condensation, non-reagent residue of oxide ($M_xO_3$) which is remains during the surface treatment of $LiCoO_2$; conducts study of new process, the consideration of the electrochemical property to improve oxide solution of mixing rate, mixture of surface treatment, dryness, calcinations conditionetc.

Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution and Plant Survey around Inactive and Abandoned Mining Areas for Phytoremedation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils (${\cdot}$ 폐광지역 오염토양의 phytoremediation을 위한 식물자원 검색)

  • Kim, Jeong-Gyu;Lim, Soo-Kil;Lee, Sang-Hwan;Lee, Chang-Ho;Jeong, Chang-Yoon
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.28-34
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    • 1999
  • This study was carried out to assess heavy metal pollution at 16 abandoned mining areas and to get basic data for phytoremediation. In most of surveyed area, there was no vegetation cover and soil reaction shows in low to moderate pH. Low CEC, low organic matter content were the general properties of these soils. Heavy metals content of these soils were exceed background level of unpolluted soil in Korea, especially Cu content was 2,634mg/kg at Jeil site, 3,415mg/kg Zn, 8.03mg/kg Cd at Yonhwa 2 site. This is far above tolerance limit In plant survey, very often observed plants were Pinus densiflora, and Rohinia psuedo-acacia in woody plant, Artemisia princeps, and Dianthus sinensis in herbs. Artemisia princeps had higher concentration of Zn, Cd and Dianthus sinensis had higher concentration than other plants. From the results, heavy metal concentration in plants and plant's ecotype properties, could be said that Artemisia princeps and Miscanthus sinensis have a potential of soil remediation plant. More studies are demanded to find the heavy metal tolerance species and to understand physiology property of tolerance plants, soil condition, climate etc., for successful soil remediation by plants.

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Foliar Fertilization Effect of Environmentally-Friendly Organic Agricultural Materials for Grape Cultivation (포도재배를 위한 친환경 유기농자재의 엽면시비 효과)

  • Moon, Young-Hun;Ahn, Byung-Koo;Cheong, Seong-Soo;Lee, Jin-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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    • v.45 no.5
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    • pp.760-763
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    • 2012
  • This study was conducted to investigate foliar treatment effects of organic agricultural materials for the environmentally-friendly cultivation of grape. The organic materials applied were chitosan, wood vinegar (pyroligneous acid), amino acid solution, and ginkgo leaf extract. All the organic materials were relatively strong acidic ranging lower than pH 4.6. when comparing with other organic materials, amino acid solution contained relatively high contents of selected plant nutrients, such as N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn. As comparison of selected soil properties in the grape cultivating field, soil pH values were lower at the harvest stage than at the first stage of grape growing (before treating the organic materials), and electrical conductivity (EC) and soil organic matter content were higher at the harvest stage in the all plots. The concentrations of available phosphorus increased in most of the plot soils except in control plot (conventional treatment). The concentrations of exchangeable K decreased in the plot treated with ginkgo leaf extract and the control plot. The exchangeable Mg concentrations decreased in soils of all the plots. On the other hand, the concentrations of N and K in the grape leaves were higher with the treatments of chitosan and amino acid solution, P concentrations were higher with the applications of chitosan, wood vinegar and amino acid solution, and Ca and Mg concentrations were higher with chitosan and amino acid solution treatments, respectively, than with others. The yields of grape were higher, $1,581{\sim}1,583kg\;10a^{-1}$, in the control and wood vinegar treatment plots than others. Sugar contents of grape were not different among all the plots.