• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to work out plans to reduce oral malodor by carrying out effective methods. In the research, 17 volunteers were selected from the students at Sahmyook Health University's Dental Hygiene Dept. in order to measure the effects of reduction of oral malodor. The results are as follows. 1. As time passes, both the control group and the experimental group proved the effects of the reduction of oral malodor for 20 minutes after the experiment(p<0.05). 2. The experimental group with tooth-brushing showed a statistically significant difference compared with the control group from a lapse of 5 minutes after the experiment to 20 minutes(p<0.05). 3. The experimental group with tongue cleaner did not prove a statistically significant difference compared with the experimental group with toothbrushing( p>0.05). 4. The experimental group in which participants took a candy showed a statistically significant difference compared with the control group after 5 minutes(p<0.05). 5. The experimental group with chewing a gum proved a statistically significant difference compared with the control group for 10 minutes(p<0.05). Using a washing implement of the tongue, taking a candy, and chewing a gum proved the same effect of reducing foul breath as in the case of operating a tooth-brushing. This experiment proves that taking a candy or extending time of chewing a gum was effective in a short time, and using a tongue cleaner or chewing a gum for 5 minutes was a useful method for reducing oral malodor if not operating a tooth-brushing.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.165-176
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• 2014

Purpose: The effects of desensitizing agent are often for a short duration. One of the reasons is believed to be wear of desensitizing agent by tooth brushing. To reduce the wear and make the duration longer, dental bonding resin was applied and the changes of dentin permeability after toothbrushing were measured. Materials and methods: Extracted teeth free from caries were chosen. Coronal dentin discs with thickness of 1 mm were prepared. Using the split chamber device developed by Pashely, hydraulic conductance and scanning electron microscope images (SEM) were compared and contrasted before and immediately after the application of desensitizing agent and bonding resin and then after equivalent tooth brushing of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks. Four commercially available desensitizing agents were used in this study; they were All-Bond 2, Seal & Protect, Gluma, and MS Coat. And Dentin/Enamel Bonding resin (Bisco Inc.) was used. The results of this study are as follows. Results: On all specimens, the hydraulic conductance decreased after the application of tooth desensitizing agent and bonding resin. Compared with the specimens treated only with desensitizer, the specimens treated with All-Bond 2, Gluma, MS Coat and plus D/E bonding resin had a little increase in hydraulic conductance after 1, 2 and 6-week tooth brushing. In case of Seal & Protect, the specimens showed the same result only after 6-week tooth brushing. On examination of SEM, the dentinal tubule diameter had decreased after treatment of desensitizing agents and bonding resin. And the specimens treated with All-Bond2, Seal&Protect, Gluma, MS Coat and plus D/E bonding resin had an significant decrease in diameter of dentinal tubule after 6-week tooth brushing. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is effective to use bonding resin after application of desensitizer in reducing the wear by tooth brushing and making the duration longer. In this study, just 6-week tooth brushing was performed, and it is not enough to regard it as a long-term data. So further study is needed and more perfect method for treating dentin hypersensitivity should be developed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2010

The subjects of this study were patients at scaling practice, the total number of the subjects was 249 of 138 men and 111 women. The results were analyzed using SPSS 12.0. 1. In oral health care, among tooth brushing methods, scrub method was found to be 65.9%(164 patients), and 83.9%(209 patients) did not use oral care aids. 2. Mean calculus index was $0.57{\pm}0.22$. 3. For calculus index per tooth brushing method, there was statistically significant difference in all of the upper jaw, the lower jaw, the anterior portion, and the posterior portion(p < 0.05). 4. For calculus index per frequency of tooth brushing, there was statistically significant difference in the upper jaw, the lower jaw, and the posterior portion(p < 0.05). 5. For calculus index per time of tooth brushing and per use of oral care aids, there was statistically significant difference in all of the upper jaw, the lower jaw, the anterior portion, and the posterior portion(p < 0.05). 6. For factors influencing calculus index, as a result of applying stepwise method based on 0.05 of significance level, age, use of oral care aids, sex, and time of tooth brushing were found to influence calculus index. Final regression model was calculus index = $0.362^*age+0.216^*$use of oral care aids - $0.161*sex-0.127^*$time of tooth brushing, and explanatory power of the model was 23.4%. $0.362^*age+0.216^*$use of oral care aids - $0.161^*sex-0.127^*$time of tooth brushing, and explanatory power of the model was 23.4%.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.887-894
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health education and oral health care in the implant wearers. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was conducted by 253 patients in 14 different dental hospitals and clinics in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from July 1 to September 30, 2012. The instrument was adapted from Kang and Lee, Yu and Shim, and Ko and Jang on the basis of the previous study. The questionnaire consisted of 12 questions including general characteristics of the subjects(4 questions), oral health education(3 questions), behavior and attitude of tooth brushing(3 questions), and use of auxiliary supplies(2 questions). Results: 1. 38.3% of the patients received the dental care education for the first time. The most common education method was demonstration by dental hygienists(28.9%). 26.2% of the patients wanted to know the right toothbrushing method. 2. The best toothbrushing methods were rolling method(28.9%) and Leonard's method(28.9%). 19.4% of the patients changed the toothbrushing method after education. 22.5 percent brushed their natural teeth and implant teeth by a different maneuver. 3. The interdental brush was the most commonly used product(35.8%) and most of the patients the interdental brush once a day(36.6%). 4. There was a significant difference between the frequency of toothbrushing and method(p<0.05). 5. There was a significant difference between the separate brushing of implant and natural teeth by the frequency of toothbrushing and method of education(p<0.05). 6. Use of interdental brush had an influenced on education method(p<0.05). Conclusions: Regular dental checkup and use of interdental brush can improve the oral care for the implant wearers. Regular use of interdental brush can prolong the life span of implant tooth and keep the patients' teeth in good condition.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.70-78
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• 2007

This study explored the efficient dyeing method of aged chestnut wood using the natural dyes extracted from Gardenia jasminoides for, grandiflora, Carthamus tinctorius L., Rhus javanica L., Lithospermum erythrorhizon S. et Z., Caesalpinia sappan L. and Castanea crenata S. et Z.. The color variation of the dyed chestnut woods was also quantitatively evaluated. The wood specimens revealed abundant colors through different dyeing conditions such as dyeing temperature, dye pH, soaking time, and brushing frequency. The chroma and stain concentration of colored woods were calculated with $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ in order to make color tone measurement. Brushing treatment for colored wood was confirmed as a more economical dyeing method than soaking treatment requiring more time when natural dyeing was done. Furthermore, the desirable tone and shade of color was easily obtained by repetitive brushing treatment using low color tone. During natural dyeing, good color expression was made with high temperature and acidic condition of a dyeing liquor.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2007

This study, taking the children with a disorder as the subject, has an object of making an comparative analysis on the dental status according to a degree of recognition on dental hygiene and to the actional factors of home dental hygiene to search for its improving measure. As its analytical method, with the use of SPSS, I used a cross analysis and percentage to take statistics on them. 1.The higher educational level a child with a mental order has, the higher frequency of brushing teeth he(she) has. And then the higher monthly income resulted in the higher frequency of brushing teeth. 2. In a teeth inspection according to the times of snack-eating of a child with a mental disorder, there was a statistics that according to whether the child's mother has a job or not, the times of snack-eating is different. 3.In analyzing the importance of the education of dental hygiene according to the parents' social characteristics, he answered to participate in an educational program for dental hygiene.

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.228-234
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• 2018

Objective: The authors have experimented for the artificial plaque removal effect of several kinds of 360 degree rotating head typed tooth-brushes with sonic vibratory actioned by using of automatic machine for horizontal scrub method in order to find the better toothbrush type for plaque removal. Methods: The experiment was conducted on three medium to 360 degree rotating head toothbrushes, a medium sized toothbrush and a medium sized toothbrush, and a flat toothbrush consisting of 30 ordinary toothbrushes. A brushing machine with horizontal scrubbing was manufactured and had variations of the end of the bristle attached to or near the surface of the teeth, a vibrating wave action force of 16,000 or 18,000 cycles per minute, and a working time of 2 or 3 minutes. The tooth removal effect was confirmed by scanning and analyzing images with a computer program after automatic brushing with the machine. The elimination rate results for each group were analyzed using the independent t-test and one-way ANOVA test. Results: It revealed the most in removal effect for the artificial plaque in such conditions as action at near the tooth surface with 18,000 cycle for 3 minutes in case of using A, B, and C tooth-brush. And it has more removal effect rate than for using the plane tooth-brush (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was recommended to develop the 360 degree rotating head and vibratory toothbrush focusing to use near the tooth surface with 18,000 cycles of vibration for 3 minutes at one site of the teeth area.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1221-1231
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the oral health behavior and examine closely the connection factor and plans oral health promotion. Methods : This survey was conducted on 370 high school students in Kyunggi-do Suwon from November 21 to 23, 2011. 352 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The collected data was analyzed using the statistical package SPSS WIN 15.0 using frequency, mean and standard deviation analysis, T-test, one-way ANOVA and Duncan's test correlation analysis. Results : The results state that 73.3% of students believe brushing teeth is very important and 26.7% of the students method of tooth brushing is up and down. for correct teeth brushing, they think choosing a brush is important(70.7%) also their brush shapes were uneven form(44.3%) and flat form(43.5%). 31.4% of students are using an oral hygiene device and 31.4% of students had received oral health education. 42.7% of female students get information about oral health from their dental clinics. 24.8% of male students receive information on oral health from parents and relatives. They think the best educator for oral health education will be a Dental hygienist(46.5%), or Dentist(48.0%). we found that a correlation between oral health interest, importance, knowledge and condition effect each other(p<.001). It means that if students have high oral health interest, oral care importance and oral health knowledge which can improve their oral health condition. Conclusions : The results of this study state that we need continuous oral health education systems and prevention programs to raise awareness among students and for the improvement of their oral health.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.64-69
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• 2009

Cultural heritages represent the histories and intellectual level of a country. The Annals of Joseon Dynasty are regarded as the most valuable resources containing the record of Korean history. In some periods, wax-treated paper was used as the material of the Annals of Joseon Dynasty. Many previous studies have focused on the development of paper used as the material of the Annals of Joseon Dynasty, but the manufacture method of wax-treated volumes and the degradation mechanism of wax have been not fully understood yet. The purposes of the present study are to produce various kinds of wax-treated paper using by different coating methods and to analyse the morphological properties of wax-treated paper. The analysis of SEM demonstrates that beeswax treated paper made by brushing method produces flatter surface and more excellent penetration. Wax layer is produced on the cross section of beeswax treated paper as the increase of coating amount.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 2010

This study surveyed people with hearing impairments and speech defect living in an area of Gyeonggi-do using a self-administered questionnaire and interviewed them with a deaf interpreter's help during the period from January 21 to February 14, 2009 in order to investigate their oral health management attitude according to their general characteristics. The difference between males and females was statistically significant. The results of this study were as follows. 1. As to the number of times of tooth brushing according to gender, 62.5% of males and 34.2% of females brushed their teeth 2 times, and 25.0% and 35.4% 3 times. 2. As to experiences in scaling according to Academic qualification, those with high academic qualification had scaling more regularly 3. As to tooth brushing methods according to cohabitant, the rolling method was most common regardless of cohabitant. As to the number of times of tooth brushing according to residence type, 41.9% of those living with their parents brushed their teeth 3 times, and 69.2% of those living alone and 47.5% of married ones 2 times. 4. With regard to how to access oral hygiene management education, 81.1% of elementary school graduates used multimedia materials and sign language explanation and captions, 48.6% of middle school graduates used multimedia materials and sign language explanation and 14.3% multimedia materials and captions, 50.0% of high school graduates used multimedia materials and sign language explanation and 17.3% multimedia materials and captions. The parish for the buccal cavity hygiene managements of the hearing impairments speech defect and Development of an educational program are needed.