• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2015

About 4,500 mass burial sites of carcasses from the 2010/2011 outbreak of Foot-and-Mouth (FMD) disease in Korea show very slow stabilization speed, although more than 3 years have passed. Therefore, a plan is being considered to boost the speed of stabilization or removal. This is a study on the social value of the removal plan for 4,500 mass burial sites from the 2010/2011 outbreak of FMD in Korea. This valuation is based on the survey of 1,000 people living all over Korea. Korean people have a willingness to pay 101.2 billion Korean Won (about US $100 million). This value is a large amount, but it is small compared to the cost of a FMD outbreak. The cost for the Korean government from 5 outbreaks since 2000 ranged from 28.8 billion Won to 3.2 trillion Won. These were the costs only paid by the Korean government. One estimate reported that there would be a total damage of 1.4 trillion Won, if FMD outbreak occurs in Jeju Islands, a small part of Korea. If burial sites have very slow stabilization speed and some hazardous contents, the social damage will exceed the removal cost.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1997

The interaction of ground ice features with underlying seabed is one of the major considerations in the design of Arctic pipeline systems. Regarding the development of offshore gas field near Sakhalin Island, which is an ice-infested area, in this paper an ice scour model to determine the burial depth of Arctic offshore pipeline is studied. Using a simplified ice-seabed interaction process, ice scour depth is easily estimated. This nonlinear numerical model can simulate the scouring process for various enviromental parameters such as ice mass, incoming velocity, soil strength. This study also deals with interaction forces during the scouring process in sloping seabed conditions and discusses the ice loads that are transmitted through the seabed soil.

• 분석과학
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.387-394
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• 2013

인골에서 추출된 콜라겐의 탄소와 질소 안정동위원소 정보는 당시 사람들의 식생활과 영양 상태, 생계 경제를 복원하는데 구체적인 가능성을 제시한다. 지금까지 우리나라의 신석기시대 유적에서는 인골이 많이 발견되지 않아 직접적인 식생활 양상 추적이 어려웠는데, 부산 가덕도 장항유적에서 출토된 인골 48개체의 확인은 매우 주목할 만한 성과이다. 본 연구에서는 인골에서 추출된 콜라겐의 탄소와 질소 안정동위원소 분석을 수행하였으며, 평균값은 각각 다음과 같다(${\delta}^{13}$C=$-14.5{\pm}1.3$‰, ${\delta}^{15}$N=$-17.4{\pm}1.7$‰, n=10). 뼈의 조직 분석 결과 보존 상태는 매우 안좋은 HI (조직학 지수) 0을 나타냈으나, 뼈 콜라겐의 경우 질 평가지수에 합격한 값만을 사용하여 생존 시 식생활을 반영한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 당시의 고고학적인 정황을 고려할 때 장항 유적 피장자들은 해양성 식료를 주로 섭취하였고, 육상 동물 및 야생 식물의 섭취 가능성 역시 배제할 수 없는데, 본 연구에서는 식료 섭취의 직접적인 증거가 되는 인골의 안정동위원소 분석을 통해 이러한 가정을 입증하였다. 이 외에도 펴묻기와 굽혀묻기 등 장법이나 토기 등 부장품에 따른 안정동위원소값에서는 유의미한 차이를 확인할 수 없었다. 신석기시대 최대 집단 묘역인 부산 가덕도 장항 유적 출토 인골 콜라겐의 탄소와 질소 안정동위원소 분석은 우리나라 신석기 시대 생활상을 복원하는 데 매우 핵심적인 증거가 될 것이라 기대된다.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.145-156
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• 2010

This study investigated organic carbon fluxes in Ulleung Basin sediments, East Sea based on a chamber experiment and geochemical analyses. At depths greater than 2,000 m, Ulleung Basin sediments have high organic carbon contents (over 2.0%). Apparent sedimentation rates (ASR) calculated from excess $^{210}Pb$ activity distribution, varied from 0.036 to $0.047\;cm\;yr^{-1}$. The mass accumulation rates (MAR) calculated from porosity, grain density (GD), and ASR, ranged from 131 to $184\;g\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. These results were in agreement with sediment trap results obtained at a water depth of 2100 m. Input fluxes of organic carbon varied from 7.89 to $11.08\;gC\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$ at the basin sediments, with an average of $9.56\;gC\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. Below a sediment depth of 15cm, burial fluxes of organic carbon ranged from 2.02 to $3.10\;gC\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. Within the basin sediments, regenerated fluxes of organic carbon estimated with oxygen consumption rate, varied from 6.22 to $6.90\;gC\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. However, the regenerated fluxes of organic carbon calculated by subtracting burial flux from input flux, varied from 5.87 to $7.98\;gC\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. Respectively, the proportions of the input flux, regenerated flux, and burial flux to the primary production ($233.6\;gC\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$) in the Ulleung Basin were about 4.1%, 3.0%, and 1.1%. These proportions were extraordinarily higher than the average of world open ocean. Based upon these results, the Ulleung Basin might play an integral role in the deposition and removal of organic carbon.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권12B호
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• pp.1708-1721
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• 2011

최근 구제역과 같은 가축질병으로 인한 살 처분된 가축매몰지의 적절한 모니터링 시스템의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 그러나 현재 사용되는 모니터링 시스템은 살 처분된 매몰지 현장에서의 시료를 채취한 후 1~2주간의 모니터링 기간을 필요로 함으로 실시간 감시가 필요로 하는 매몰지에 대한 연속측정이 불가능하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 이런 실시간 모니터링을 가능하게 하는 우선 센서네트워크 기반의 가축매몰지 환경정보 모니터링 시스템 설계 및 구현을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템의 무선 센서노드는 환경센서(Dust, Co2, NH3, H2s, Temperature, Humidity)와 위치확인을 위한 GPS센서로 구성된다. 제안된 시스템은 게이트웨이를 통해 원격지 서버에 전송된 매몰지 환경정보를 분석함으로 언제 어디에서나 유해환경 모니터링이 기능하고 위치확인을 통한 상황에 따른 능동적인 대응을 가능케한다. 따라서 제안된 시스템의 유효성 검증을 위해 규정된 가스 배출관에 센서를 설치하였고, 통합 모니터링이 가능한 테스트 베드에서 실시간으로 수신된 데이터를 수집, 분석하여 시간의 변화에 따른 매몰지 위치의 악취환경변화를 모니터링 하였다. 이를 통한 상황에 따른 실시간 대응을 함으로 유사시 환경오염의 사전예방이 가능 한 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제14호
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• pp.7-32
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• 2012

The exhibition was started in 2010 in the New Acropolis Museum of Athens and embarked a journey since 2011 as a travelling exhibition inside Greece and abroad. The main purpose of the exhibition was to draw attention of the general public to the value of the 'rescue excavation' and of cultural heritage of Greece, by presenting the reconstruction bust of a girl whose skull was found in Kerameikos cemetery of ancient Athens. The new Kerameikos excavation was initiated by the construction of Metropolitan Railway lines in the center of Athens between 1992 to 1998. It revealed a pit of a mass burial where about 150 people were inhumed in a very hasty way without proper funeral rites or offerings. These bodies are identified as the victims of the infamous plague of Athens in the first years of the Peloponnesian War(430-426 BC). The epidemic disease killed almost one third of the city population including Pericles, and brought extreme fear and panic to the Athens society. The traditional funerary rites were totally disrupted, and the social decorum and the morality among the citizens became enfeebled. The plague and the civil war were the decisive factors to end the Golden Age of Democratic Athens. However, the exhibition organizers did not focus on the tragic aspect of this disaster and its casualties. Their main concern was to simplify the scholarly works of archaeological excavation and microchemistry analysis so that the exhibition viewers will easily understand and empathize the living value of the scholarly works of ancient Greek civilization. The centripetal element of the exhibition was the vivid face of an 11 years old ancient girl 'Myrtis', which was carefully reconstructed based on both the scientific data and artistic imagination. Also the set up of the exhibition was structured in order to stimuli cognitive and emotional experience of the visitors who witnessed the rebirth of a vibrant human being from an ancient debris. The museologists' continuous efforts to promote projects of contemporary artists, publications, and school programs related to the exhibition indicate that the ulterior motive of this exhibition is the cultural education of the present and future generation through the intimate experiences of ancient Greek life. Also this is the reason why the various museums that held the travelling exhibition try to make the presentation as a gesture of memorial service for an anonymous Athenian girl who deceased circa 2400 years ago. The pragmatic efforts of Greek scholars and museologists through exhibition show us a way to find a solution to the continuous threat of cultural resources by massive construction projects and land development, and to overcome public indifference to the history and cultural heritage.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.599-610
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• 2021

Conduits are commonly installed below the ground for utility conveyance around the world. Vertical load on a buried conduit is an important parameter that needs to be known to ensure its safe design and installation. Consideration of soil arching in load calculations helps achieve a more realistic and efficient design. In the past, considering the arching effect, the design charts have been presented for use by practicing engineers to calculate the vertical load on the conduit buried below the level ground. There are currently no design charts for calculating the vertical load on the conduit buried under a sloping ground. In this paper, an attempt has been made to present the derivation of a generalized analytical expression considering that the soil mass overlying the conduit has a sloping face and the arching phenomenon takes place. The developed generalized expression has been used to present some design charts considering specific values of slope geometry, soil properties and burial depths. Furthermore, analytical results for specific soil parameters have been compared with the results extracted from a commercial software PLAXIS 2D, for a developed numerical model and an independent study.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.174-178
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• 2017

Traumatic neuromas are rare benign tumors that are common after trauma or surgery and are usually accompanied by obvious symptoms of pain. Most reports show neuromas in the face, neck, and limbs, and the traumatic neuroma of the medial plantar nerve has rarely been reported. We encountered a traumatic neuroma of the medial plantar nerve after a deep laceration mimicking a foreign body granuloma. A small mass lesion was found around plantar aponeurosis with heterogeneous high signal intensity in the T2 fat suppression view and slightly enhanced intensity in the magnetic resonance imaging that suggested a foreign body granuloma. The lesion was diagnosed pathologically as a traumatic neuroma. A satisfactory clinical result was obtained after excision of the traumatic neuroma and burial of the proximal and distal stumps to the adjacent muscle at the secondary operation.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권22호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2001

DNA typing is often used to determine identity from human remains. Recently, the molecular biological analysis of ancient deposits has become possible since methods for the recovery of DNA conserved in bones or teeth from archaeological remains have been developed. In the field of archaeology, one of the most promising approaches is to identify the individuals present in a mass burial site. We performed nuclear DNA typing and mitochondrial DNA sequencing analysis based on PCR from a Korea ancient human remain excavated from Sa-chon Nuk-island and civilian access controlline(CACL). A femur bone were collected and successfully subjected to DNA extraction, quantification, PCR amplification, and subsequently typed for several shot tandem repeat(STR)loci. 4 types of STR systems used in this study were CTT multiplex(CSF1PO, TPOX, TH01), FFv multiplex(F13A01, FESFPS, vWA), Silver STRⅢ multiplex(D16S539, D7S820, D13S317), and amelogenin for sex determination. This studies are primarily concerned with the extraction, amplification, and DNA typing of ancient human bone DNA samples. Also, it is suggestive of importance about closely relationship between both fields of archaeology and molecular biology.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.413-430
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• 2011

최근 들어, 폭발하중에 대해여 안전한 사회기반시설에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 폭발하중은 가스폭발이나 폭탄 폭발에 의하여 발생된다. 본 연구에서는 가스폭발하중을 받는 터널구조물을 각 부재로 나누어 1자유도 질량-스프링-감쇠기 모델로 치환하여 해석하는 모델을 개발하였다. 간이 모델을 사용하여 터널설계 요인인 최대 폭발하중크기, 지속시간, 부재 두께, 토피고에 대하여 민감도 해석을 수행하였다. 또한, 유한요소법을 사용하여 가스폭발에 대한 터널의 동적거동과 주변지반에 발생되는 파괴영역에 대하여 조사하였다. 1자유도 질량-스프링-감쇠기 모델과 FEM 해석결과의 비교로부터 터널의 중앙벽에 대한 동적거동결과는 거의 차이가 없음을 보여주었다.