• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2011

A high-speed railway system represents a typical example of large-scale multi-disciplinary system, consisting of subsystems such as rolling-stock, electrical hardware, electronics, control, information, communication, civil technology etc. The system design and acquisition data of the large-scale system must be the subject under strict configuration control and management. Systems engineering technology development project for Korea next generation High-speed Electric Multiple Unit (HEMU) system in progress is a national large system development project that is not only a large-size and complex but also multi-disciplinary in nature. Therefore, all stakeholders must understand and share the functional and performance requirements of HEMU throughout its life-cycle phases. Also in the test and evaluation phase, all systems requirements must be verified. In 2011, the prototype train manufacturing will be completed. It will do test run on the commercial line and all systems requirements are verified until 2012. For the system verification, the test and evaluation process have to be established before the test trial run. Using a systems engineering tool, the system design database(SDD) with requirements traceability and development process management in the course of the development have to be established. This paper represents the test and evaluation process development based on the SEMP(Systems Engineering Management Plan) developed in the design stage. The test and evaluation process is refined and updated in comparison to the design stage one. The test and evaluation process consists of procedure, test and evaluation method and schedule. So through this process, it is defined that each systems requirements is verified on which test and about what time.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제17A권3호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2010

대부분의 모바일 웨어러블 헬스케어 모니터링 의류 시스템은 생체신호를 측정할 수 있는 센서와 데이터 취득과 무선 통신 및 제어를 담당하는 회로부, 이들을 내장하는 의복으로 구성된다. 기존의 의복형 헬스케어 시스템은 센서를 의복에 장시간 내장하기가 어렵고, 피부 접촉 시 시간에 따라 저항 값이 변화하기 때문에 장기적인 생체 신호 모니터링이 쉽지 않으며, 센서 전극과 회로 사이에 존재하는 신호선의 물리적 장애 요인도 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여, PVDF에 PEDOT 재료를 코팅하여 만든 패브릭 나노웹 ECG 전극과 PVDF 필름을 사용한 호흡 센서를 $10\;{\mu}m$ 두께의 디지털 실을 이용하여 사용자의 의류와 일체화하였다. 탈부착이 가능한 무선 블루투스(Bluetooth) 내장 스테이션과 디지털실로 기존 의류와 일체화한 생체 신호 측정용 의류 제작을 통해, 휴대폰에서 손쉽게 심전도(ECG)와 맥박신호를 표시 할 수 있었다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2008

Recently, skin diagnosis has been suggested as a promising tool for discrimination of Sasang Constitution, reported by examining the skin characteristics such as thickness, stiffness, slip, and skin textures like wrinkles and furrows. However, the works had a limitation in that clinical decision on the skin characteristics was made by relying upon oriental medicine doctors' subjective sense of touch. In order to objectify the skin diagnosis and claim its efficacy on the discrimination of the Sasang Constitutions, it is necessary to demonstrate its discrimination capability by providing numerical values in terms of physical quantities obtained from measurements using today's sensors and equipment technologies, which motivated this work as a priliminary step towards objectification of skin diagnosis. The skin characteristics focused in this work is the slip property of the back-hand skin that has been exploited using the dynamic friction measurement system. First, curved geometric effects of the back-hand skin on the measured lateral/vertical force signals were estimated using the artificially designed silicon coated structures, which led to a suggestion on a quality controlled experimental design based upon a empirical analysis model. Second, the experimental design thus suggested has been applied to the measurement of dynamic friction coefficients for two healthy male subjects of Taeumin (TE) and Soyangin (SY), respectively. The result shows that the dynamic friction coefficient is less for the SY subject than for the TE subject around the area of the skin used for diagnosis by the oriental medicine doctor, implying the TE subject's skin is more slippery than the SE subject's that is consistent with the oriental medicine doctor's diagnosis. Hopefully, this work can provide guidelines for obtaining quality data in friction measurement to be collected for discussion on the efficacy of the skin diagnosis and its objectification through statistical analysis.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.264-275
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• 2003

The purpose of this study were to develop a smoking preventive education program for elementary students and evaluate it's effectiveness. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group with pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 62 who are attending elementary school(31 for each group), 2 different district elementary school. The subjects were matched by grade, similar in anti-smoking educational background of smoking, as well as their residence and income level of their families. The instruments used in this study was 18 criterion referenced test items modeled by Dick & Carey that were developed by researchers for evaluating the subjects' knowledge and attitude about smoking. A pretest was administered a week before treatment The program given to the experimental group is composed of the texts explaining the poisonous substances in tobacco, social and cultural harmfulness of smoking to the body and psychology, indirect smoking, smoking of pregnant women, motives of smoking, refusal skills of smoking; and for the subjects' understanding and the better results of study - pictures, role play, discussion, text through computer based multi-media, puzzle searching for hidden pictures, cross-word puzzle, and finally compensation. The data were collected for 50 days form mid- September to the end of October in the year of 2000, composed of formative evaluation, pre-test and summative evaluation via 2 sessions. Accordingly, the collected data were analysed by t-test, paired t-test, repeated measure ANOVA by the SAS program. This research summarize the findings as follows; 1. There was a significant difference in knowledge between the experimental group(after 1 wks t=10.4680, p=.0001; after 4 wks t= 9.310, p=.0001) and control group(after 1 wks t=0.0420, p= .9669; after 4 wks t= -0.378 p=.7079) in between the results of 1 and 4 week after education in summative evaluation (F=27.45, P=.0001). 2. There was non statistical significant difference in attitude between the experimental group (after 1 wks t=1.2292, p=0.2286 ; after 4 wks t=1.330, p=0.1935) and control group (after 1 wks t=0.1819, p=0.8569 ; after 4 wks t=0.2970, p=0.7685) in between the results of 1 and 4 week after education in summative evaluation(F=0.71, P=0.494). To sum up, the statistics of conclusive analysis evaluative for the children under school age of the 'knowledge acquisition' about smoking harmfulness. On the other hand, as there was already sound attitude about smoking, the evaluation of attitude was non significant difference between control group and experimental group, just there was partially significant difference.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.503-510
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• 2001

인체의 각 조직은 서로 다른 저항률(resistivity)을 가지고 있고. 심장의 박동이나 호흡과 같은 생리현상은 해당 생체조직의 임피던스를 변화시킨다. 본 논문에서는 인체 내부에 존재하는 비정상 조직의 크기와 위치를 검출하기 위한 32-채널 생체 임피던스 측정 시스템에 대하여 기술한다. 이러한 기술은 유방암 조직의 경우와 같이 배경 조직과는 저항률이 다른 비정상 조직을 검출하는 경우에 응용할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 32-채널 생체 임피던스 측정 시스템을 위하여 32개의 복합형 전극과 32 채널의 정전류원을 사용하였다. 임피던스의 측정을 위해 50kHz의 정현파 전류를 주입하고. 유기되는 전압을 가변 이득 협대역 계측용 증폭기로 측정하고, 그 크기를 위상감응복조기로 검출하였다. 검출된 임피던스 신호는 A/D 변환하여 PC에 입력하였다. 전해질 팬텀을 이용한 실험에서 전체 시스템의 정확도는 2.42%이며, 직경 270mm인 팬텀 내부에 존재하는 직경 8mm 이상인 물체의 크기와 위치를 검출할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 기초로 다채널 생체 임피던스 측정 시스템의 정확도를 개선하여. 직경 lmm 이내의 물체를 검출하는 것이 향후의 연구 목표이다 이러한 정확도를 가지는 생체 임피던스 계측 시스템을 개발하면. 인체 내부의 임피던스 분포를 측정하는 EIT(electrical impedance tomography) 시스템과, 최근에 연구되고 있는 자기공명 임피던스 단층촬영(MREIT, magnetic resonance electrical impedance tomography)에도 응용이 가능할 것이다.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.341-352
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• 2019

최근 e-sports에 대한 사회적 관심이 증대하면서 게임 리더십과 관련된 심리사회적인 요인들을 발굴하기 위한 노력이 점증하고 있다. 게임 리더십이란 게임 내에서 주어진 과제를 효율적으로 수행하기 위해 필요한 능력을 가리키는 것으로, e-sports 경기 진행과 팀워크 향상을 위해 매우 필요한 역량이라고 할 수 있다. 이러한 점에 착안하여 본 연구는 심리적 요인(자기통제, 사회지능, 자존감)과 게임 동기, 게임 효능감이 게임 리더십과 어떤 관계를 맺고 있는지를 살펴보고자 했다. 이를 위해 MOBA(Multiplayer Online Battle Arena) 장르를 이용하는 청소년 196명의 데이터를 활용하여 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 인터넷 게임 이용시간, 사회지능, 게임 효능감은 모두 게임 리더십과 정적인 관계를 보이고 있었다. 이와 함께 게임 동기 요인 중 사회성, 탐험 그리고 도피 동기가 게임 리더십과 유의미한 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 자존감과 자기통제는 게임 리더십에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이후 결과를 분석하고 논의하였다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1464-1474
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• 1994

GPS(Global Positional System)는 인공위성을 이용하여 언제, 어디서나 자신의 위치를 정확히 측정할 수 있는 항법 시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 이 GPS 신호에서 항법 데이터를 복원하는 수신기의 지연동기 루프를 이론적으로 해석하고, 디지털 로직으로 설계하였다. 또한 동기과정의 논리동작을 분석하였다. 설계한 시스템은 수신된 C/A(coarse/acquisition) 코드와 수신기에서 발생된 C/A 코드와의 상관값을 구하는 상관기, 선택된 위성의 C/A 코드를 발생시키는 C/A코드 발생기, 그리고 C/A코드의 위상과 클럭속도를 조절할 수 있도록 C/A 코드 발생기의 클럭을 만드는 직접 디지탈 클럭 발생기로 구성된다. 제안한 디지탈 지연동기루프 시스템을 해석한 결과, 시스템 입력 신호전력이 -113.98dB이상이면 시스템이 90%이상의 검파 능력을 갖음을 확인하였다. 디지탈동기루프이 입력신호 즉, A/D 컴버터 전단의 입력신호 크기에 따라 디지탈 동기 루프의 성능 그래프와 문턱전압의 크기에 따른 성능분석의 그래프를 시뮬레이션을 통하여 분석하였다. 그리고 설계된 디지탈 지연동기루프를 로직 시뮬레이션한 결과, GPS 항법 데이타를 정확히 복원함을 확인하였다. 개선됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.282-293
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the degree of infection control implemented at dental offices and factors affecting it in an attempt to help promote the health of dental health care workers. The subjects in this study were 180 medical personnels who worked at dental offices in the region of South Jeolla Province. A self-administered survey was conducted from April 1 to May 30, 2008, and the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. As for the implementation of infection control at the dental offices, what the health care workers investigated did the most was post-treatment hand washing(95.0), a constant separation of infectious wastes(94.4), wearing rubber gloves all the time during medical instrument cleansing(92.8) and pre-treatment hand washing(91.7). 2. In regard to the implementation of infection control at the dental offices, what the dental personnels did the least was drying their hands with air(5.0), wearing goggles in times of treatment(23.3), receiving regular education on infection control(26.7) and putting sterilizers to a performance test on a regular basis(43.9). 3. The dental health care workers were significantly different according to age in the management of contagious diseases(p=0.005). Their career made a significant difference to the management of contagious diseases(p=0.000) and instrument cleansing/sterilization(p=0.043). The service area made a significant difference to wearing and managing personal protective clothes (p=0.040) and waste management(p=0.040). 4. Concerning the relationship between the acquisition of dental hygienist certificate and the practice of infection control, whether the dental health care workers were certified or not made no significant difference to that. 5. As to the correlation among the factors affecting the prevention and management of contagious diseases, there was a positive correlation among hand washing(r=0.379), wearing and managing personal protective clothes(r=0.349), instrument cleansing/sterilization(r=0.323) and waste management(r=0.388). All the factors made a statistically significant difference to the prevention and management of contagious diseases(p<0.01).

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1038-1043
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• 2015

When the study on the relationship between the Head-of-Bed (HOB) angle and ventilator-associated pneumonia is performed, the fact that the HOB angle can only be measured intermittently imposes a significant limitation on the study. Therefore, there has been demand for the development of a device that can measure the HOB angle continuously. In this paper, we propose the rapid prototyping of an HOB measurement system using open-source hardware and software. The proposed system helps to maintain the HOB angle at a particular angle by displaying the angle and helps the medical study of pneumonia patients by enabling continuous data acquisition. Firstly, we eliminate the process of making an MCU board by utilizing an open-source hardware mbed LPC1768. Secondly, we reduce the software development time by using libraries and hence enabling the easy use of peripherals. Thirdly, for rapid prototyping, we build the enclosure of the proposed system using a 3D printer. The proposed system can be attached and detached to and from a bed. Therefore, we can attach it to the bed of a patient for whom measurement of the HOB angle is necessary. Finally, we check the measurement performance and the validity of the proposed system through an experiment utilizing an incremental encoder.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.465-472
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• 2019

사진 촬영 당시의 외부표정요소 추정 방법에는 공선조건식 기반 후방교회법이 널리 사용되지만 초기값을 필요로 하고, 그 값에 민감하다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 초기값을 필요로 하지 않는 외부표정요소 알고리즘인 쿼터니언 기반 공간후방교회법과 PnP (Perspective-n-Point algorithm)을 소개하고 그 결과를 비교하였다. 두 결과를 비교하기 위하여 일반 스마트폰으로 취득한 영상을 사용하였고, 지상기준점 취득은 본 연구진이 보유하고 있는 하이브리드 MMS (Mobile Mapping System) 점군 자료를 이용하였다. 그 결과, 공선조건식 기반 SPR (Single Photo Resection)을 참값으로 할 때, 쿼터니언 기반 SPR이 PnP 알고리즘에 비해 자세각 추정 정확도가 높았다. 카메라 위치추정의 경우에는 두 알고리즘 모두 지상기준점과 비교했을 때 0.8m 내의 정확도를 보임을 확인하였다.