• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2017

The objective of this study was to explore the role of familiarity in cross-cultural product perception and perception changes according to food systems (hot sauce and spicy-chicken) in Korean and US consumers. Free choice profiling was conducted by Korean and US consumers on four spicy-chicken samples made using four hot sauce samples. Half of the hot sauce samples were selected to be more familiar to US consumers and vice versa to Korean consumers. A previous study that investigated cross-cultural perceptions of the same four hot sauce samples in US and Korean consumers was incorporated in this study. For distinct sample differences, US and Korean consumers perceived products similarly. However, for less obvious differences, flavor familiarity seemed to affect consumers' product perceptions. In addition, product perceptions changed more dramatically according to food systems for familiar samples in each country. The findings of this study show that consumers' product perception can be affected by flavor familiarities.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제28권
• /
• pp.141-161
• /
• 2012

Abusive language used by college students reflects current social attitudes and values. Adopting a comparative and cross-cultural perspective, this study examines the frequency and perceived severity of abusive language in English and Mandarin Chinese. Because abusive language often includes sexual connotations, this paper employs a particular concentration on sexism. Gender differences in the use of abusive language illustrate a male bias across cultures.

• 영어어문교육
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.177-194
• /
• 2011

This study examines the use of discourse markers in cross-cultural communication between EFL learners in an e-learning environment. The study analyzes the use of discourse markers in a corpus of an interactive web with a bulletin board system through which college students of English at Japanese and Korean universities interacted with each other discussing the topics of local and global issues. It compares the use of discourse markers in the learners' corpus to that of a native English speakers' corpus. The results indicate that discourse markers are useful interactional devices to structure and organize discourse. EFL learners are found to display more frequent use of referentially and cognitively functional discourse markers and a relatively rare use of other markers. Native speakers are found to use a wider variety of discourse markers for different functions. Suggestions are made for using computer corpora in understanding EFL learners' language difficulties and helping them become more interactionally competent speakers.

• 아태비즈니스연구
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.13-23
• /
• 2019

Asian food and the Asian restaurant market have grown rapidly in the international market. It has become one of the major trends in the restaurant industry in the world. However, there has been little attempt to develop a scale for measuring customer's motivation to experience Asian restaurants, and cross-cultural approaches are very rare. From this point of view, this study examined an instrument to measure motivation to visit Asian restaurants developed by Jang and Kim (2015), which was originally developed based on UK customers, by applying the population from another cultural background, Thailand. A total of 308 valid responses were obtained in Thailand. CFA was performed with a Thai sample to test internal and external consistency of the scale with another population, and a comparison was made between UK and Thai customers.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the instrument modification and validation processes to make existing health belief model scales culturally appropriate for Korean Americans (KAs) regarding colorectal cancer (CRC) screening utilization. Methods: Instrument translation, individual interviews using cognitive interviewing, and expert reviews were conducted during the instrument modification phase, and a pilot test and a cross-sectional survey were conducted during the instrument validation phase. Data analyses of the cross-sectional survey included internal consistency and construct validity using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The main issues identified during the instrument modification phase were (a) cultural and linguistic translation issues and (b) newly developed items reflecting Korean cultural barriers. Cross-sectional survey analyses during the instrument validation phase revealed that all scales demonstrate good internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha=.72~.88). Exploratory factor analysis showed that susceptibility and severity loaded on the same factor, which may indicate a threat variable. Items with low factor loadings in the confirmatory factor analysis may relate to (a) lack of knowledge about fecal occult blood testing and (b) multiple dimensions of the subscales. Conclusion: Methodological, sequential processes of instrument modification and validation, including translation, individual interviews, expert reviews, pilot testing and a cross-sectional survey, were provided in this study. The findings indicate that existing instruments need to be examined for CRC screening research involving KAs.

• 경영과정보연구
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.191-209
• /
• 2015

Social Media 상의 Electronic word-of-mouth(eWOM)는 다양한 사업 경영에 있어서 핵심적인 마케팅 도구로 인식되고 있다. 환대산업에서는 이 Social Media eWOM를 이해하는 것은 잠재적 고객들에게 국제적으로 쉽고 빠르게 다가가는 핵심요인이라 볼 수 있다. 그러나 환대산업분야에서의 Social Media eWOM의 효율성을 국제적 관점에서 평가하는 실증 연구는 아주 부족한 실정이다. 환대산업시장의 경쟁적인 특성을 고려하면, 마케팅 종사자들은 Social Media eWOM의 효율성의 평가는 물론, 외국인 고객을 촉진하고 수익성을 증대하기 위한 문화적 요소에 의한 효과의 평가하여야 한다. 본 연구의 핵심 목적은 환대산업에서 Social Media eWOM가 문화적 가치에 영향력을 검증하는 것이다. 본 연구는 중국, 한국, 미국의 세 나라를 비교 하여 나라마다 Social Media eWOM에 관여하는 정도의 차이의 존재를 실증하였다. 본 연구는 환대산업 마케터에게 국제적 Social Media 마케팅 전략에 중요한 의미를 제공할 것이라 기대된다.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제27권
• /
• pp.123-143
• /
• 2012

China's Yueyanglou(岳陽樓) cultural landscape and cultural landscape of Korea, respectively Yueyanglou(岳陽樓) investigated and the following results were extracted. First, multi-cultural personalities to ever Yueyanglou(岳陽樓) China's outstanding natural beauty around the emotion of his drawing on the literature and a new cultural landscape was formed. Their main feeling of the beauty of nature through his ash under adverse conditions up again in politics, which expresses the desire to advance. To this end, his outlook on life and also an attitude overhaul yeotboinda. This information formed the cultural landscape of Korea Yueyanglou(岳陽樓) not deviate from that has been investigated. Second, Korea is entirely China's 'sun' Lou Yueyanglou(岳陽樓) was a significant effect of cultural landscape. The beautiful landscapes of the Joseon Dynasty literati in the Joseon reported only in words and pictures they admired China's leading natural and cultural landscape and paste the name of the famous' sun Lou watch it was transformed into a cultural landscape. For this reason, the current remaining two 'sun' Lou, but probably the Joseon Dynasty, called the 'sun tower base and is estimated to be more common than now. In addition, in Hadong Yueyanglou(岳陽樓) near the sun 'Lou, China has also attached near the nomination could be an important clue.

• 비교문화연구
• /
• 제24권
• /
• pp.170-183
• /
• 2011

This study explored how a Chinese college student who previously had not reached a threshold level of Korean proficiency used L1 (Chinese) and L2 (English) as a tool to socialize into Korean (L3) culture of learning over the course of study. From a perspective of language socialization, this study examined the cross-linguistic influence of L1 and L2 on the L3 acquisition process by tracing an approach to language learning and practices taken by the Chinese student as a case study. Data were collected through three methods; interview protocols, various types of written texts, and observations. The results showed that the student used English as a means to negotiate difficulties and expertise by empowering her L2 exposure during the classroom practices. Her ways of using L2 in oral practices could be characterized as the 'Inverse U-shape' pattern, under which she increased L2 exposure at the early stage of the study and shifted the intermediate language to L3 at the later stage of the study. When it comes to the language use in written practices, the sequence of "L2-L1-L3" use gradually changed to the "L2-L3" sequence over time, signifying the importance of interaction between L2 and L3. However, the use of her native language (L1) in a Korean-speaking classroom was limited to a certain aspect of literacy practices (i.e., vocabulary learning or translation). This study argues for L2 communication channel in cross-cultural classrooms as a key factor to determine sustainable learning growth.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국디자인학회 2004년도 추계 학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.212-213
• /
• 2004

Since the advent of man there has been a constant struggle to define social pattern, and understand ways of cultural thinking. Every culture has it's own limitations and freedoms, problems and expectations. For centuries now anthropologist, ethnographers have worked on mapping and defining these differences. These findings instigate the designers to formulate new design theories and research methodologies for drafting cultural specific solutions. The question arises 'in a cross cultural application how effective and applicable are the basic research methodologies'? Quoting one such example the 'Privacy' issue seems to be a very strong component in the Japanese culture but is often a deterring factor in allowing the 'home ethnographic study to take place effectively'. However in countries like India similar studies could have a more welcoming reaction owing to the adaptive social culture. Similarly, the high rate of 'Illiteracy' in rural India closes many doors for 'form filling' user surveys. This leads to the scope of research for understanding specific cultural traits that may effect adaptation and re-improvisation of these existing methodologies. Quite often the cultural traits of a country may lead in forming new research methodologies.

• 한국경영정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국경영정보학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.371-376
• /
• 2008

As the e-business developed fast and more firms embrace CRM as a core e-business strategy, it is getting more important to assess the firms. The CRM is approaching customer-centric. This approach focuses on the long-term relationship with the customers by providing the benefits of the customer rather than based on what the company wants to sell. How to establish the overall efficiency and effectiveness of a global enterprise becomes more and more important to the E-business. The study investigates the cross-national psychometric prosperities of the establishment in the E-business. Using a cross-national survey of customers from Korea and China to compare the Korean customers' acceptance of e-business with the Chinese customers', and compare the development of e-business in Korea with the development in China it will be found that Korea and China samples shared a somewhat similar factor structure. And there are also some differences between Korea and China. These findings suggest that the way to establish the e-business strategy is influenced by the cultural effects. So focusing on the cultural differences among the countries becomes more and more important, this study will help to analysis how to use the different cultural dimension to establish the better CRM system in the e-business field.