• Wind and Structures
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.481-503
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• 2014

A new theoretical model on rain-wind induced vibration (RWIV) of a continuous stay cable is developed in this paper. Different from the existing theoretical analyses in which the cable was modeled as a segmental rigid element, the proposed scheme focuses on the in-plane and out-of-plane responses of a continuous stay cable, which is identical with the prototype cable on cable-stayed bridge. In order to simplify the complexities, the motion law of the rivulet on the cable surface is assumed as a sinusoidal way according to some results obtained from wind tunnel tests. Quasi-steady theory is utilized to determine the aerodynamic forces on the cable. Equations of motion of the cable are derived in a Cartesian Coordinate System and solved by using finite difference method to obtain the in-plane and out-of-plane responses of the cable. The results show that limited cable amplitudes are achieved within a limited range of wind velocity, which is a unique characteristic of RWIV of stay cable. It appears that the in-plane cable amplitude is much larger than the out-of-plane cable amplitude. Rivulet frequency, rivulet distribution along cable axis, and mean wind velocity profile, all have significant effects on the RWIV responses of the prototype stay cable. The effects of damping ratio on RWIVs of stay cables are carefully investigated, which suggests that damping ratio of 1% is needed to well mitigate RWIVs of prototype stay cables.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.615-639
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• 2016

Although the underlying mechanism of rain-wind induced vibrations (RWIVs) of stay cables has not been fully understood, some countermeasures have been successfully applied to mitigating this kind of vibration. Among these, installing dampers near the bridge deck was widely adopted, and several field observations have shown its effectiveness. In this study, the effectiveness of dampers to RWIVs of stay cables is numerically investigated comprehensively by means of finite difference method (FDM). Based on the free vibration analysis of a taut string, it is found that the 3-points triangle scheme, which can be easily implemented in FDM, can offer an excellent approximation of the concentrated damping coefficient (expressed as a Dirac delta function) at the location where the damper is installed. Then, free vibration analysis of a 3-D continuous stay cable attached with two dampers is carried out to study the relationship of modal damping ratio and damping coefficient of the dampers. The effects of orientation of the dampers and cable sag on the modal damping ratio are investigated in detail. Finally, the RWIV response of a 3-D continuous stay cable attached with two dampers is examined. The results indicate that 0.5% of damping ratio is sufficient to reduce the RWIV vibration of the Cable A20 on the No.2 Nanjing Bridge over Yangtze River.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제90권2호
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• pp.159-175
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• 2024

In order to solve the problem of calculating the reasonable completed bridge state of a self-anchored hybrid cable-stayed suspension bridge (SA-HCSB), this paper proposes an analytical method. This method simplifies the main beam into a continuous beam with multi-point rigid supports and solves the support reaction forces. According to the segmented catenary theory, it simultaneously solves the horizontal forces of the main span main cables and the stay cables and iteratively calculates the equilibrium force system on the main beam in the collaborative system bridge state while completing the shape finding of the main span main cable and stay cables. Then, the horizontal forces of the side span main cables and stay cables are obtained based on the balance of horizontal forces on the bridge towers, and the shape finding of the side spans are completed according to the segmented catenary theory. Next, the difference between the support reaction forces of the continuous beam with multiple rigid supports obtained from the initial and final iterations is used to calculate the load of ballast on the side span main beam. Finally, the axial forces and strains of each segment of the main beam and bridge tower are obtained based on the loads applied by the main cable and stay cables on the main beam and bridge tower, thereby obtaining analytical data for the bridge in the reasonable completed state. In this paper, the rationality and effectiveness of this analytical method are verified through a case study of a SA-HCSB with a main span of 720m in finite element analysis. At the same time, it is also verified that the equilibrium force of the main beam under the reasonably completed bridge state can be obtained through iterative calculation. The analytical algorithm in this paper has clear physical significance, strong applicability, and high accuracy of calculation results, enriching the shape-finding method of this bridge type.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2024

사장교에서 케이블 부재는 하중을 전달하는 가장 중요한 부재 중 하나이다. 따라서 사장교의 구조적 상태 및 안정성을 평가하기 위해서는 케이블의 상태를 파악하기 위해 지속적인 모니터링을 수행하는 것이 중요하다. 이러한 모니터링 시스템은 케이블에 부착된 가속도계를 통해 진동을 측정하고 이를 토대로 케이블 장력과 감쇠비를 추정하고, 이를 토대로 케이블의 상태 평가의 기초자료로 활용한다. 이러한 상시 모니터링 시스템은 지속적으로 진동 데이터를 측정하기 때문에 데이터 수집 시스템을 포함한 하드웨어가 안정적이고 전력 효율성이 높아야 한다. 또한 지속적으로 생성되는 대량의 진동 신호들을 사람의 개입을 최소화하며 안정적으로 분석할 수 있는 자율모니터링 시스템이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 IoT를 활용한 도메인 지식 기반 자율 모니터링 시스템을 개발하였다. 케이블 자율 모니터링 시스템을 구현하기 위한 가장 중요한 요소는 케이블의 장력과 감쇠비의 추정을 위한 진동 신호의 주파수 영역 내 발생하는 첨두의 자동 추정이다. 본 연구에서는 도메인 지식 기반 첨두 자동 추정 알고리즘을 데이터 수집 및 On-Board Processing이 가능한 IoT 시스템에 내장하여 IoT 센서 단에서 Edge computing이 가능한 효율적인 IoT 자율 모니터링 시스템을 구현하였다. 개발된 자율 모니터링 시스템을 국내 사장교에 설치하여 장기간 현장 운영 성능을 평가하였으며, 그 결과 장기 데이터 수신률, 장력 추정의 정확성, 효율성 측면에서 기존 시스템과 비교하여 작동 성능을 확인하고 검증하였다.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2006년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.283-290
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• 2006

Cable-stayed bridge is a bridge that consists of one or more pylons, with cables supporting the deck. Cable-stayed bridges have come into wide use recently because of their economy, stability, and excellent appearance. It is possible to achieve a uniform moment distribution in the stiffening girders mainly by prestressing the cables, which leads to a more economical design in material and weight than other types of bridges. However, to achieve a more uniform moment distribution is vague objective, so it cannot be easily defined as the optimization problem. In other words, the minimization of cost or weight as the objective is not directly related to the optimization of cable prestressing. Therefore, it has been considered as one of the most important, difficult and also interesting topics among many researchers and bridge engineers to determine the optimal tensioning strategy how to apply prestressing forces of the cables of cable-stayed bridge. A number of approaches (Wang et al. 1993, $Negr\~{a}o\;and\;Sim\~{o}es$ 1997, Agrawal 1997, Janjic et al. 2003) to determine the optimal cable tensions have been proposed in the literature. Among these approaches the unit load method (Janjic et al. 2003) is considered in this paper because it can take into account the actual construction process while other approaches are based on the configuration of the final structure only. In this paper, '2-step approach' based on the unit load method is proposed to find the optimal tensioning strategy especially for the atypical asymmetric bridge under construction, which has continuous deck supported by one pylon and stay cables. Some numerical results will be given to show the validity of the new approach suggested in this paper.