• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.411-417
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• 2016

Background Facial hypoesthesia is one of the most troublesome complaints in the management of facial bone fractures. However, there is a lack of literature on facial sensory recovery after facial trauma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the facial sensory recovery period for facial bone fractures using Neurometer. Methods Sixty-three patients who underwent open reduction of zygomatic and blowout fractures between December 2013 and July 2015 were included in the study. The facial sensory status of the patients was repeatedly examined preoperatively and postoperatively by Neurometer current perception threshold (CPT) until the results were normalized. Results Among the 63 subjects, 30 patients had normal Neurometer results preoperatively and postoperatively. According to fracture types, 17 patients with blowout fracture had a median recovery period of 0.25 months. Twelve patients with zygomatic fracture had a median recovery period of 1.00 month. Four patients with both fracture types had a median recovery period of 0.625 months. The median recovery period of all 33 patients was 0.25 months. There was no statistically significant difference in the sensory recovery period between types and subgroups of zygomatic and blowout fractures. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the sensory recovery period according to Neurometer results and the patients' own subjective reports. Conclusions Neurometer CPT is effective for evaluating and comparing preoperative and postoperative facial sensory status and evaluating the sensory recovery period in facial bone fracture patients.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1989

This is a retrospective study on maxillofacial fractures. This study was based on a series of 442 patients with maxillofacial fractures treated at Dept, of oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Chon Buk National University from Jan, 1984 to Sep. 1988. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The ratio of Male/Female was 4.8 : 1, and 3rd decade (43.9%) was the highest age group in incidence. 2. Monthly incidence was the highest in Oct,(10.6%). 3. The most frequent maxillofacial fracture site was mandible (70.0%), and zygoma & zygomatic arch (13.6%), maxilla(11.7%) and nasal bone (4.7%) were next in order of frequency. 4. Traffic accidents (47.5%), fight(24.8%) were the most common causes of maxillofacial fractures. 5. The most frequent chief complaint was painful swelling(40.7%). 6. In mandibular fractures, the most frequent fracture site was symphyseal area(28.9%) and simple fracture was the most frequent in type of fracture (71.2%). 7. In maxillary fractures, fracture with other facial bones (64.5%) was more frequent than fracture of maxilla only. The most common type of fracture was unilateral fractures(37.1%). 8. In fracture of zygoma complex, zygoma fracture was the most frequent fracture type(40.3%), zygoma and zygomatic arch fx, (30.6%), zygomatic arch fx, (29.1%) were next in order 9. Open reduction was major method of treatment in maxillofacial fractures : Mandible (77.5%), Maxilla (61.3%), Zygoma complex(43.1%). 10. Maxillofacial fractures were most frequently combined with head injury(39.3%), and lower extremities(17.0%), upper extremities(13.6%) were next in order.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제17권1호통권116호
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• pp.25-28
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• 1979

An instance of difficulty in mouth opening as around 2mm due to impingement of fractured coronoid process and zygomatic arch in 30-year-old man who had met with a traffic accident was observed and surgical operation was done. After removal of the fractured coronoid process and elevation of the depressed malunited zygomatic arch, the patient could open mouth by now about 30mm.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.215-220
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• 1994

In the case of the trauma on the maxillofacial region occurred, we think that one of the most important thing is recovery of the function as well as reconstruction of the anatomical form. Especially, it has been that the structure of the surrounded temporomandibular joint has a great possibility to cause mouth opening limitation when a bit of displacement is caused. Therefore, in the case of the trauma on mid-face we think that we treat it after complete evaluate condition of soft and hard tissue surrounding the articular disc as well as fracture site. We report results of our study, since we obtained good results from our study concerning the refixation of the zygomatic arch, high condylectomy, coronoidectomy and myotomy for the patient being suffered from the arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint caused by insufficient fracture treatment of zygomatic arch and coronoid process.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2011

Purpose: It is difficult to objectively evaluate the outcomes of plastic surgical procedures. The combination of aesthetic and medical factors makes outcome quantification difficult. In this study, fracture reduction accuracy was objectively evaluated in patients with zygomatic complex fractures. Patients satisfaction with the accuracy was also examined. In addition, the patients' overall satisfaction and discomfort due to complications were analyzed. Methods: Eighty-five patients who had surgeries via bicoronal incision for zygomatic complex fracture from March 2006 to December 2009 were included in this study. Two plastic surgeons evaluated the accuracy of the fracture reduction with postoperative computed tomography. A survey questionnaire was administered to evaluate the patients' overall satisfaction and the impact of symptoms associated with the procedure on the patients' daily lives. Results: The overall patient satisfaction rate was $82.1{\pm}10.9%$ (range, 45~100%). The level of deformation was $6.7{\pm}10.9%$, the levels of discomfort in daily life due to pain, paresthesia, scar, and facial palsy were $8.5{\pm}13.2%$, $5.8{\pm}8.9%$, $4.4{\pm}9.9%$, and $1.9{\pm}9.2%$, respectively. According to the visual analogue scale, paresthesia was found to be the most frequent symptom (43.5%), and pain was the most troublesome symptom. Conclusion: The use of bicoronal incision for treating zygomatic complex fractures can cause various complications due to wide incision and dissection. However, this technique can provide optimized reduction and rigid fixation. Most of these postoperative complications can cause significant discomfort in the patient. It is thought that the use of correct surgical technique and the accurate knowledge of craniofacial anatomy will result in a reduction of complications and significantly increase patient satisfaction.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.556-560
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• 2012

Zygomatic fractures are the second most common facial bone fractures encountered and treated by plastic surgeons. Stable fixation of fractured fragments after adequate exposure is critical for ensuring three-dimensional anatomic reduction. Between January 2008 and December 2010, 17 patients with zygomatic fractures were admitted to our hospital; there were 15 male and 2 female patients. The average age of the patients was 41 years (range, 19 to 75 years). We exposed the inferior orbital rim and zygomatic complex through a lateral brow, intraoral, and subciliary incisions, which allowed for visualization of the bone, and then the fractured parts were corrected using the Carroll-Girard T-bar screw. Postoperative complications such as malar asymmetry, diplopia, enophthalmos, and postoperative infection were not observed. Lower eyelid retraction and temporary ectropion occurred in 1 of the 17 patients. Functional and cosmetic results were excellent in nearly all of the cases. In this report, we describe using the Carroll-Girard T-bar screw for the reduction of zygomatic fractures. Because this instrument is easy to use and can rotate to any direction and vector, it can be used to correct displaced zygomatic bone more accurately and safely than other devices, without leaving facial scars.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2019

A-50-year-old male patient presented with complaint of tenderness on the left malar area after traffic accident. Our first impression on him was zygomatic fracture, we did radiologic work-up and physical examination on him. But, on the computed tomography scan, there was no fracture or discontinuity on his facial bone. The computed tomography scan was revealed a 4-cm long foreign body in left maxillary sinus with a large amount of fluid collection. After thorough history taking from him, we reveal the patient had a history of trauma 30 years back on the left zygomatic area with a chopstick. The foreign body was removed via transoral approach with the endoscopic assist. There was no complication after operation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.276-282
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• 1989

This is a report of 4 case of external decompression about infraorbital paresthesia with transconjuctival incision in zygomatic complex fratures. The results are as follows. 1. Decompression for infraorbital nerve injury is indicated if paresthesia exists 5-7 days, although the patients have nondisplaced fractures of zygomatic complex. 2. Satisfactory results are expected within 1-2 weeks after surgical operation in early decompression of infraorbital nerve. 3. Paresthesia of the infraorbital nerve following fracture of the zygomatic complex may be persistent complication. 4. Scar tissues on the face are avoided with transconjuctival approach.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-25
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• 1971

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.359-362
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• 2010

The zygoma is second most commonly vulnerable facial bone in fracture, in number only by nasal fractures. It is difficult to evaluate reduction state intraoperatively, because almost surgeons reduce the fractured zygoma by blind method. We suggest the use of orthopedic C-arm intraoperatively. We use plain radiography, CT to evaluate preoperative state. Gilles approach or intraoral approach were used to reduce the fractured zygomatic arch. The C-arm was positioned at chin area, used to evaluate reduction intraoperatively. We got postoperative image by CT or submento-vertex view. There are variable methods to evaluate reduction intraoperatively: palpation, ultrasonography, CT, plain films. C-arm is considered superior diagnostic tool to other methods. The use of intraoperative C-arm was very efficient, it could bring better results.