• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.112-117
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• 2023

Coronoid process hyperplasia (CPH) of the mandible is a rare condition in which abnormal elongation of the coronoid process leads to chronic mandibular hypomobility. CPH causes impingement or impedance of the coronoid process on the inner surface of the frontal part of the zygomatic bone during mouth opening. The lack of significant symptoms makes the diagnosis difficult. Its etiology remains inconclusive despite several theories being suggested. In this report, three reviewed cases are presented. All three patients visited our clinic with limited mouth opening as the chief complaint. Standard clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted under the initial impression of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), and restricted jaw movements were confirmed in all cases. The absence of improved signs and symptoms following conservative treatment for TMDs or the indeterminate plain radiographs required the attending clinicians to consider three-dimensional imagery. Computed tomography revealed bilateral coronoid hyperplasia in all cases and impingement on the zygomatic bone in two of the three cases. After concluding that this condition caused the patients' limited mouth opening, the patients were referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for possible bilateral coronoidectomy or coronoidotomy. CPH usually presents no symptoms apart from a progressive reduction of mouth opening over time. Diagnosis is often delayed, and patients may undergo unnecessary treatment procedures. Clinicians should be aware of this condition and exercise caution in the differential diagnosis of patients with chronic mandibular hypomobility.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.31-41
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• 1986

The purpose of this study is to examine the initial reaction of craniofacial complex to the traction of headgears which are frequent used in dinical practice by using holographic interference method. Changes in the fringe pattern according to the traction conditions (outer bow length, load amount, direction) were compared. Human dry skull was used as experimental material, the results were as follows. 1. The density of fringes increased with an increase in load. 2. Maxillary headgear affected circummaxillary bones-temporal bone, zygomatic bone, nasal bone, frontal bone, sphenoid bone as well as maxilla. 3. The most upward-backward displacement was observed in a high pull head gear $(30^{\circ})$, this is though to be a optimal direction for supressing the growth of the maxilla.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.105-109
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• 2000

The zygoma is protruded on both sides of the midface and plays an important part in determining the impression of face. There are much different esthetic consideration of zygomatic prominence between the oriental and western. Because slight prominent zygoma is thought to be esthetic in the western, there has been done many augmentation therapy. But, in the oriental, prominent zygoma, especially in the female, is thought to be aggresive and manlike image, there has been done many zygoma reduction therapy. There are two methods to reduce the prominent zygoma, one is shaving method and the other is zygoma repositioning with ostectomy. The approach to zygoma and zygomatic arch without surgical morbidity is very difficult, so this problem has been difficult subject to oral & maxillofacial surgeon in a long period. We report the treatment case of facial asymmetry with the unilateral zygoma reduction & genioplasty using only intraoral approach with the retrospective study.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.195-198
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• 2019

A-50-year-old male patient presented with complaint of tenderness on the left malar area after traffic accident. Our first impression on him was zygomatic fracture, we did radiologic work-up and physical examination on him. But, on the computed tomography scan, there was no fracture or discontinuity on his facial bone. The computed tomography scan was revealed a 4-cm long foreign body in left maxillary sinus with a large amount of fluid collection. After thorough history taking from him, we reveal the patient had a history of trauma 30 years back on the left zygomatic area with a chopstick. The foreign body was removed via transoral approach with the endoscopic assist. There was no complication after operation.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.382-387
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• 2021

Objectives: Zygomatic complex (ZMC) fractures comprise up to 40% of all facial fractures. Misaligned bone fragments and misplaced fixation hardware traditionally detected postoperatively on plain radiographs of the skull might require re-operation. The intraoperative O-Arm (Medtronic, USA) is a three-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic imaging system. Materials and Methods: This retrospective single-center study evaluated the utility of O-Arm scanning during corrective surgeries for ZMC and zygomatic arch (ZA) fractures from 2018 to 2020. Three females and 16 males (mean age, 31.52 years; range, 22-48 years) were included. Fracture instability (n=6) and facial deformity (n=15) were the most frequent indications for intraoperative 3D O-Arm scan. Results: The images demonstrated that all fracture lines were properly reduced and fixed. Another scan performed at the end of the fixation or reduction stage, however, revealed suboptimal results in five of the 19 cases, and further reduction and fixation of the fracture lines were required. Conclusion: Implementation of an intraoperative O-Arm system in ZMC and ZA fracture surgeries assists in obtaining predictable and accurate results and obviates the need for revision surgeries. The device should be considered for precise operations such as ZMC fracture repairs.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.200-204
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• 2018

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare, benign bone disease with abnormal bone maturation and fibroblastic proliferation. Optimal treatment of zone 1 craniofacial FD is radical resection and reconstruction. To achieve of structural, aesthetic, and functional goals, we use three-dimensionally designed calvarial bone graft for reconstruction of zygomatic defect after radical resection of FD. The authors used a rapid-prototyping model for simulation surgery for radical resection and immediate reconstruction. Donor site was selected from parietal bone reflect shape, contour, and size of defect. Then radical resection of lesion and immediate reconstruction was performed as planned. Outcomes were assessed using clinical photographs and computed tomography scans. Successful reconstruction after radical resection was achieved by three-dimensional calvarial bone graft without complications. After a 12-month follow-up, sufficient bone thickness and symmetric soft tissue contour was well-maintained. By considering three-dimensional configuration of zygomaticomaxillary complex, the authors achieved satisfactory structural, aesthetic and functional outcomes without complications.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2005

Although there have been many clinical studies about the facial trauma in the recent as well as in the past, severity and frequency of facial trauma are reported multifarious. It seemed to be because of variety of social, cultural, and environmental factors, and the view point of investigators. In this study, we investigated about the patients visiting emergency room during recent 5 years(1999-2003), and compared with retrospective study during former 5 years(1992-1996) in Dept. OMS Pusan Univ-Hospital. We are assessed the cause, type, demographic ect. And analyzed alterations of facial bone fractures during past 2 periods. the results were as follows. The total number of patients was increased slightly. 429 patients treated for maxillofacial fractures between January 1992 and December 1996 and 466 patients treated between January 1992 and December 1996. The male-to-female ratio reduced in the second period by a factor of 0.7. Patients in the age groups of 10-19 years and 20-29 years increased by a factor of 4.2 and 7.9 in the second period. Assaults and falls in the second period decreased by a factor of 15.4 and 7.9. But, traffic accidents and slip downs in the second period increased by a factor of 6 and 6.6. The mandibular fractures(70.6%) showed the highest incidence, followed by zygomatic bone and arch fractures(7.5%), maxillary bone fractures(4.0%), and nasal bone fractures(4.0%). In the second period, the mid-face fracture was increased slightly. So, the mandibular fractures(69.0%) followed by maxillary bone fractures(12.9%), zygomatic bone and arch fractures(8.0%), nasal bone fractures(7.0%). Ramus fractures and body fractures of mandible was increased slightly in the second period.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 1994

This study was based on a series of 213 patients with facial bone fractures treated at college of Medicine, Dong-A university from Mar. 1990 to Jun. 1993. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The ratio of male to female was 8.3 : 1 and 3rd decade(34.3%) was the highest age group in incidence. 2. Monthly incidence was the highest in Jan. & Jun.(10.3%) 3. Onset time and daily incidence was the highest in pm. 9:00-12:00(21.4%), Sunday(18.8%). 4. Traffic acidents(38.5%) were the most frequent etiologic factor. 5. The most common site of fracture was zygoma & zygomatic arch(42.3%) and mandible (37.8%), maxilla (10.9%) and nasal bone(9.0%) were next in order of frequency. 6. In mandible fractures, the most frequent site was symphyseal area(43.0%) and IMF & open reduction was major method of treatment. 7. In zygoma & zygomatic arch fractures, zygoma(62.0%) was the most common fracture site and open reduction was the most frequent treatment method. 8. In maxilla fractures, the major fracture type was Le Fort I type (72.4%) and treatment was done by IMF & open reduction primarily. 9. postoperative complications were mal-union, fibrous-union, infection, osteomyelitis etc.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 1999

This study was based on a series of 164 patients with zygomatic bone fracture treated at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Chonnam University Hospital from January 1992 to December 1996. The male-to-female ratio was 7:1. Their ages ranged from 8 to 78 years, with a median age of 35.6 years. The age frequency was highest in the second decade (30.5%), and third decade (23.8%), fifth decade (16.5%) in orders. The monthly distrbution of incidence showed October to be the month in which the greatest percentage occured (14.0%). The major cause of zygomatic bone fracture was alleged traffic accidents (53.7%). The incidence of concomitant facial bone fractures was 69,5%, and maxilla fracture (52.4%) was most frequently combined. The admission route was through emergency room (72.3%) and through outpatient department (26.8%). The incidence of associated injuries was 37.2%. The intraoral approach was the major method of treatment in zygomatic bone fracture (57.1%). The most frequent type of zygoma fracture was class IV (33.5%), and class III (25.6%) was next in order of frequency. Complications were enophthalmos (7.3%), facial asymmetry (6.7%), paresthesia (6.1%), and diplopia (2.4%) These results suggest that correct diagnosis and treatment of severity of fracture, concomitant fracture, and associated injuries are necessary, and co-operative treatment with medical department should be performed to reduce postoperative complication.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 1989

This is a retrospective study on facial bone fractures of Koreans. This study was based on a series of 110 patients who had been treated for facial bone fractures as in-patient at Guro Hospital, School of Medicine, Korea University for the period of September, 1984. to August, 1988. The results were obtained as follows : 1. 2nd decade(42.7%) was the highest age group in incidence, and age range was 2 years to 72 years, and the ration of Male/Female was 3.7 : 1. 2. Falling was most frequent cause of facial bone fractures(40.9%) 3. The frequent location of facial bone fractures were mandibule(67.1%), zygoma & zygomatic arch(11.7%), maxilla(10.9%), and others in order. 4. In mandibular fractures, one site fractures showed 30.1% and two site fractures showed 58.8% and triple site fractures showed 11.1%. The most frequent site of mandibular fracture was symphysis(32.7%) 5. The most frequent month of facial bone fracture was September.