• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2011

일반적으로 GIS 디지털 법의 표현 및 저장 방식에는 아스키(ASCII)와 바이너리(binary) 형식이 있다. 이들 중 대부분 GIS 응용 분야에서는 대용량의 맵 데이터 전송을 위하여 바이너리 형식의 벡터 맵 데이터를 주로 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 다양한 정밀도를 갖는 바이너리 형식의 벡터 맵 데이터의 효율적인 전송 및 저장을 위하여 벡터 맵 데이터의 주요 레이어를 표현하는 폴리라인 및 폴리곤 성분에 대한 계층적 압축 기법을 제안한다. 제안한 기법에서는 정밀 벡터 맵 데이터의 무손실 압축을 위하여 공간 영역 상에서 에너지 집중(energy compaction)을 수행하며, 64bit 부동소수점 좌표에 대하여 정수부와 소수부를 독립적으로 압축 부호화를 수행한다. 실험 결과로부터 제안한 압축 기법이 최소 200% 이상, 최대 900% 이상의 압축 효율을 나타냄을 확인하였으며, 기존의 데이터 압축 기법인 7z, zip, rar 및 gz에 비히여 우수한 압축률을 가지는 것을 확인하였다.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.743-753
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• 2014

Kim 등 (2006)과 Kim 등 (2009)은 2002년에 (사)볼런티어 21에서 조사한 설문자료에 기초하여 우리나라 개인의 기부횟수에 영향을 주는 유의적 설명변수를 보고한 바 있다. 본고에서는 Kim 등 (2006)과 Kim 등 (2009)의 계산오류를 발견하여 이를 수정하고, 아울러 Kim 등 (2009)이 적용한 0이 팽창된 포아송 모형에 로지스틱 회귀모형을 추가하였다. 동 로지스틱 모형으로 기부행위(0, 1)에 영향을 주는 설명변수를 식별하고, 아울러 기부횟수가 작은 군(群)과 큰 군(群)을 판별하여 주는 설명변수를 식별하고자 한다.

• 복식
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.152-168
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develop a design prototype of outdoor-wear which is suitable for trekking. For achieving this purpose, 6 factors(bodice, sleeve, hood, pockets, opening, hem-line) considered for clothing function were selected, classified, and complemented based on the survey of literature and the research of 185 designs in 12 outdoor-wear brands. The results are as follows; The removable hood and 4DM sleeve style with the elastic band and velcro for the cuffs was the most preferred in the detail design on the brand research. And also the ventilation function and 1 or 2 diagonal in-seam pocket, covered zipper was preferred. Based on this result, two design prototypes of men's outdoor-wear for trekking were suggested; jacket 1 has a slim waist line and a hip length. Front opening has a zip and placket for windproof effect. There is a detachable hood with stopper around the head line. 4DM sleeve and elastic band inserted at the end of sleeve, so that prevent the hem-line raising. Two inseam pocket is placed slightly diagonal. Jacket 2 is a hood jacket with a york. The Jacket has a little roomier in waist and a hip length. Front opening is fastened by a waterproof zip. It has a 4DM sleeve and a princess line to make it placed two pocket which have ventilation functionality.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2016년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.27-27
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• 2016

The ascomycete fungus Fusarium graminearum is the most common pathogen of Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease for major cereal crops worldwide. FHB causes significant crop losses by reducing grain yield and quality as well as contaminating cereals with trichothecenes and zearalenone (ZEA) that pose a serious threat to animal health and food safety. ZEA is a causative agent of hyperestrogenic syndrome in mammals and can result in reproductive disorders in farm animals. In F. graminearum, the ZEA biosynthetic cluster is composed of four genes, PKS4, PKS13, ZEB1, and ZEB2, which encode a reducing polyketide synthase, a nonreducing polyketide synthase, an isoamyl alcohol oxidase, and a transcription factor, respectively. Although it is known that ZEB2 primarily acts as a regulator of ZEA biosynthetic cluster genes, the mechanism underlying this regulation remains undetermined. In this study, two isoforms (ZEB2L and ZEB2S) from the ZEB2 gene in F. graminearum were characterized. It was revealed that ZEB2L contains a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) DNA-binding domain at the N-terminus, whereas ZEB2S is an N-terminally truncated form of ZEB2L that lacks the bZIP domain. Interestingly, ZEA triggered the induction of both ZEB2L and ZEB2S transcription. In ZEA producing condition, the expression of ZEB2S transcripts via alternative promoter usage was directly or indirectly initiated by ZEA. Physical interaction between ZEB2L and ZEB2L as well as between ZEB2L and ZEB2S was observed in the nucleus. The ZEB2S-ZEB2S interaction was detected in both the cytosol and the nucleus. ZEB2L-ZEB2L oligomers activated ZEA biosynthetic cluster genes, including ZEB2L. ZEB2S inhibited ZEB2L transcription by forming ZEB2L-ZEB2S heterodimers, which reduced the DNA-binding activity of ZEB2L. This study provides insight into the autoregulation of ZEB2 expression by alternative promoter usage and a feedback loop during ZEA production.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2015

가산자료(counts data)를 적합 하는 경우 보통 포아송 모형이 가장 먼저 고려된다. 과산포 문제가 있을 경우도 유사 포아송(quasi Poisson) 모형이나 음이항(Negative binomial) 모형으로 대부분 설명이 가능하다. 하지만, 가산자료 중에는 포아송분포를 가정한 기대 빈도 이상으로 많은 0이 관측되는 자료가 있고 이를 영과잉(Zero inflated) 가산 자료라고 부른다. 영과잉 가산자료를 설명하기 위해 영과잉 포아송(ZIP) 모형이나 영과잉 음이항(ZINB) 모형을 이용할 수 있다. 더 나아가 영과잉 가산자료가 공간상관관계까지 있을 경우 영과잉 문제뿐만 아니라 유의할 수 있는 공간효과까지 고려해야하고 이를 위해 혼합효과모형(mixed effects model)이 고려 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서 사용된 2004년 기준 부산시 남성동별 갑상선암 발생자수 자료를 이용하여, 일반선형 포아송모형, 영과잉 포아송모형, 공간 영과잉 포아송모형을 적합하여 비교해보았다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.869-879
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• 2022

본 연구를 통해 매우 대중적인 압축 알고리즘인 Deflate 알고리즘을 통해 생성되는 3가지 유형의 압축 데이터 블록 가운데 원본 데이터 없는 비 압축 블록(No-Payload Non-Compressed Block;NPNCB) 유형을 임의로 생성하여 정상적인 압축 블록 사이에 미리 설계된 공격 시나리오에 따라 삽입하는 방법을 통해 악의적 코드 또는 임의의 데이터를 은닉하는 취약점을 발견하였다. 비 압축 블록의 헤더에는 byte align을 위해서만 존재하는 데이터 영역이 존재하며, 본 연구에서는 이 영역을 DBA(Disposed Bit Area)라고 명명하였다. 이러한 DBA 영역에 다양한 악성 코드와 악의적 데이터를 숨길 수 있었으며, 실험을 통해 정상적인 압축 블록들 사이에 오염된 블록을 삽입했음에도 기존 상용 프로그램에서 정상적으로 경고 없이 압축 해제 되었고, 악의적 디코더로 해독하여 악성 코드를 실행할 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.33-33
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• 2022

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a widely studied domesticated model plant. Seed awning is an unfavorable trait during rice harvesting and processing. Hence, awn was one of the target characters selected during domestication. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying awn development in rice are not well understood. In this study, we analyzed the genes for awn development using a mapping population derived from a cross between the Korean indica cultivar 'Milyang23' and NIL4/9 (derived from a cross between 'Hwaseong' and O. minuta). Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs), qAwn4 and qAwn9 were mapped on chromosome 4 and 9, respectively, increased awn length in an additive manner. Through comparative sequencing analyses parental lines, LABA1 was determined as the causal gene underlying qAwn4. qAwn9 was mapped to a 199-kb physical region between markers RM24663 and RM24679. Within this interval, 27 annotated genes were identified, and five genes, including a basic leucine zipper transcription factor 76 (OsbZIP76), were considered candidate genes for qAwn9 based on their functional annotations and sequence variations. Haplotype analysis using the candidate genes revealed tropical japonica specific sequence variants in the qAwn9 region, which partly explains the non-detection of qAwn9 in previous studies that used progenies from interspecific crosses. This provides further evidence that OsbZIP76 is possibly a causal gene for qAwn9. The O. minuta qAwn9 allele was identified as a major QTL associated with awn development in rice, providing an important molecular target for basic genetic research and domestication studies. Our results lay the foundation for further cloning of the awn gene underlying qAwn9.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2006

Load representation has a significant impact on power system analysis and control results. In this paper, composite load models are developed based on on-line measurement data from a practical power system. Three types of static-dynamic load models are derived: general ZIP-induction motor model, Exponential-induction motor model and Z-induction motor model. For the dynamic induction motor model, two different third-order induction motor models are studied. The performances in modeling real and reactive power behaviors by composite load models are compared with other dynamic load models in terms of relative mismatch error. In addition, numerical consideration of ill-conditioned parameters is addressed based on trajectory sensitivity. Numerical studies indicate that the developed composite load models can accurately capture the dynamic behaviors of loads during disturbance.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2001

This study was to determine the effect of garment closures and layering systems on insulation, using a thermal movable manikin in cold weather conditions. The insulation values of ensembles with opened and closed features were measured, and those of four different layered clothing ensembles were tested while standing and while walking. Our research indicated that when there was an opening involved in design the system, insulation decreased; even a zip-out lining in the armpit affected little. If a light weight jacket and pants are put on over a fleece shirt and pants instead polyester underwear, the amount of insulation increase was 0.43 clo.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2019

We examine the weaknesses of the existing OOXML-based MS-Word file structure, and analyze how data concealment and forgery are performed in MS-Word digital documents. In case of forgery by including hidden information in MS-Word digital document, there is no difference in opening the file with the MS-Word Processor. However, the computer system may be malfunctioned by malware or shell code hidden in the digital document. If a malicious image file or ZIP file is hidden in the document by using the structural vulnerability of the MS-Word document, it may be infected by ransomware that encrypts the entire file on the disk even if the MS-Word file is normally executed. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze forgery and alteration of digital document through internal structure analysis of MS-Word file. In this paper, we designed and implemented a mechanism to detect this efficiently and automatic detection software, and presented a method to proactively respond to attacks such as ransomware exploiting MS-Word security vulnerabilities.