• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.354-362
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The trueness and precision of acquired images of intraoral digital scanners could be influenced by restoration type, preparation outline form, scanning technology and the application of power. The aim of this study is to perform the comparative evaluation of the 3-dimensional reproducibility of intraoral scanners (IOSs). MATERIALS AND METHODS. The phantom containing five prepared teeth was scanned by the reference scanner (Dental Wings) and 5 test IOSs (E4D dentist, Fastscan, iTero, Trios and Zfx Intrascan). The acquired images of the scanner groups were compared with the image from the reference scanner (trueness) and within each scanner groups (precision). Statistical analysis was performed using independent two-samples t-test and analysis of variance (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The average deviations of trueness and precision of Fastscan, iTero and Trios were significantly lower than the other scanners. According to the restoration type, significantly higher trueness was observed in crown and inlay than in bridge. However, no significant difference was observed among four sites of preparation outline form. If compared by the characteristics of IOS, high trueness was observed in the group adopting the active triangulation and using powder. However, there was no significant difference between the still image acquisition and video acquisition groups. CONCLUSION. Except for two intraoral scanners, Fastscan, iTero and Trios displayed comparable levels of trueness and precision values in tested phantom model. Difference in trueness was observed depending on the restoration type, the preparation outline form and characteristics of IOS, which should be taken into consideration when the intraoral scanning data are utilized.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 2011

The present study compared the developmental potential, telomerase activity and transcript levels of X-linked genes (ANT3, HPRT, MeCP2, RPS4X, XIAP, XIST and ZFX) in the bovine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos derived from different age and cell cycle of female donor nucleus. In experiment 1, the fusion rate, cleavage rate to 2-cell stage, developmental rate to blastocyst stage, and the mean number of total and ICM cells was slightly increased in embryos cloned with fetal fibroblasts compared to those with adult fibroblasts, but there was no significantly (p<0.05) differences. Telomerase activity was also similar in blastocysts cloned with fetal and adult fibroblasts. Up-regulated RPS4X and down-regulated MeCP2, XIAP, and XIST transcript level were observed in blastocysts cloned with adult fibroblasts, compared to those with fetal fibroblasts. In experiment 2, the fusion rate, cleavage rate to 2-cell stage, developmental rate to blastocyst stage, and the mean number of total and ICM cells was significantly (p<0.05) increased in embryos cloned with fetal fibroblasts at early G1 phase of the cell cycle, compared to those of fetal fibroblasts at late G1 phase. DNMT1 transcript was observed to significantly (p<0.05) increased in the fetal fibroblasts at 3 hrs after trypsin treatment of confluent culture. Further, level of telomerase activity and transcribed X-linked genes was also significantly (p<0.05) higher in the early G1 SCNT blastocysts than those of late G1. The results imply that fetal fibroblasts at early G1 phase induces the enhanced developmental potential and up-regulated telomerase activity and X-linked gene, but aberrant transcript pattern of X-linked genes may be displayed in the SCNT embryos.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.979-985
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• 2020

A wide range of techniques have been developed to separate X or Y- chromosome-bearing sperm. In particular, bovine semen sex-sorted by using flow cytometry based on differences in the amount of DNA between X and Y chromosome bearing sperm is used in dairy farms. The first piglets were produced using sex-sorted sperm 30 years ago. However, sexed sperm have not been commercially available in pigs because the flow cytometry technique is not capable of sorting the high number of sperm required for porcine artificial insemination (AI), and the prolonged exposure to an electrical filed might damage to the DNA in sperm. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a boar sperm sorting method based on magnetic nanoparticles. A flow cytometer assay verified the efficacy of the magnetic nanoparticles (> 90% of sex-sorted sperm). In addition, a duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using sex chromosome specific genes including SRY (sex-determining region Y; male), ZFY (zinc finger protein Y-linked; male), and ZFX (zinc finger protein X-linked; female) showed that in vitro fertilized porcine embryos by X and Y-chromosome bearing sperm were 100% female (40/40) and 72% female (35/48), respectively, at 8-cell or morula stages, suggesting that the sex-sorted sperm were fertile. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the sex-sorted method based on magnetic nanoparticles can be utilized for porcine sex-sorted AI.