• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.494-501
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• 2020

Objectives: Insomnia is a common condition that causes deterioration of cognitive function and physical function and has a negative impact on quality of life. Insomnia is experienced by more than one-third of the population of the world. Although sleeping pills are currently used as therapeutic agents, they have side effects, so safer treatment methods are needed. Therefore, we report a case of an outpatient who sleeps only one hour a day due to insomnia. Methods: The patient visited Korean Medicine Hospital 10 times for four weeks and was treated with Korean medicine therapies, including electroacupuncture on the back-Shu points and herbal medicine (Yukmijihwang-tang and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang). Treatment progress was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Results: After 29 days of treatment, the PSQI score decreased from 20 points and 14 points. The ISI score also decreased to decreased to 22 points from 26 points. The average daily sleeping time increased from 60 minutes to 197.1 minutes after treatment. No significant side effects were observed. Conclusions: Yukmijihwang-tang and Hwangnyeonhaedok-tang with electroacupuncture might be a recommended therapeutic option for insomnia patients.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.175-182
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• 2011

Objectives : This study was performed to compare the differences between decoctions extracted by different extraction method and extraction time. Methods : Decoctions were prepared with pressed or non-pressed extraction conditions for 60, 120 and 180min. The yields of extracts, sugar contents, hydrogen ion concentrations(pH), the contents of reference compounds in Yukmijihwang-tang(Liuweidihuang-tang) were investigated. Results : The yields and the dissolved solid content containing sugar content of decoctions were more in pressed extraction method than unpressed extraction method, and they tended to be increased as extraction time increased. The pH values of decoctions methods did not show significant differences between pressed and unpressed extraction methods or extraction times. Most of reference compounds showed higher contents in pressed extraction method than unpressed extraction method and their contents were augmented according to increase of extraction time. The content of paeonol was decreased when extracted in more than 120min with pressed extraction method and tended to be decreased as extraction time increased in unpressed extraction method. Conclusions : The pressed extraction with long extraction time could be useful for decoction of Yukmijihwang-tang(Liuweidihuang-tang). However, another ingredients possible to decrease in such condition need to be considered to determine suitable extraction condition.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.2 s.9
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• pp.95-107
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• 2002

Yukmijihwang-tang(YM) is a noted herbal prescription in Chinese and Korean traditional medicines, and it has been known to reinforce the vital essence and has been widely used for a variety of disease such as stroke, osteoporosis, anti-tumor, and hypothyrodism. Regarding its traditional use, YM has been known to reinforce the Yin (vital essence) of liver and kidney. Also it has been known to reinforce nutrition and biological function in brain. Recently, studies suggested that YM increase antioxidant activities and exert the protective effect against oxidant-induced liver cell injury. We investigated the high-throughput gene expression analysis on the Yukmijihwang-tang administrated in SD rats. Microarray data were validated on a limited number of genes by semiquantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The recent availability of microarrays provides an attractive strategy for elaborating an unbiased molecular profile of large number of genes in drug discovery This experimental approach offers the potential to identify molecules or cellular pathways not previously associated with herbal medicine. Total RNA from normal control brain and Yukmijihwang-tang administrated brain were hybridized to microarrays containing 10,000 rat genes. The 52 genes were found to be up-regulated(twice or more) excluding EST gene. The nine genes were found to be down-regulated(twice or more) excluding EST gene. Gene array technology was used to identify for the first time many genes expression pathway analysis that arecell cycle pathway, apoptosis pathway, electron transport chain pathway, cytoplasmic ribosomal protein pathway, fatty acid degradation pathway, and TGF-beta signaling pathway. These differentially expressed genes pathway analysis have not previously been iavestigated in the context of herbal medicine efficacy and represent novel factors for further study of the mechanism of herbal medicine efficacy.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 2006

Peripheral axons in vertebrate animals can regenerate after nerve injury and accomplish its functional recovery. Numerous studies have revealed that diverse molecular factors are induced during axonal regeneration and their potential roles in axonal regeneration have been studied. Examples is N-CAM, L1, P0, nerve growth factors, GAP-43 and so forth. However, most of the studies on axonal regeneration have been primarily focused on axon fiber regrowth and elucidating molecular factors, and relatively less is known about functional recovery. Also, specific drugs or drug components used in the oriental medicine in relation to nerve fiber regeneration have not been known. And thus, in the present, a study on the effect of Yukmijihwang-tang components and Yukmijihwang-tang extracts to regeneration of peripheral axon fiber is underway by immunofluorescence staining. Therefore, this prior application of Yukmijihwang-tang with documents consideration is reported with a plea for further investigation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2014

This study compared Bojungikgi-tang (BIT) and Yukmijihwang-tang (YJT) decoctions produced using the extractors made of various materials, such as glass, earthenware, and stainless steel, for 60, 90, and 120 min. The extraction yield was measured and the amounts of marker compounds in decoctions were determined by quantitative analysis using high performance liquid chromatography. The extraction yields of BIT decoctions produced by three extractors were not significantly different, whereas the extraction yield of YJT produced using glass extractor was significantly higher than that of YJT produced using earthenware extractor after 90 min. The amounts of most marker compounds were highest in BIT decoctions produced using glass extractor. However, variations of the amounts of marker compounds were observed in YJT decoctions and the volatile compound was not easily vaporized in YJT decoction produced using earthenware extractor. This study suggests that the extractor made of various materials may affect the extraction efficiency and the contents of marker compounds, especially in the decoction produced using earthenware extractor, although the results were dependent on the characteristics of herbal formula.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.250-254
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• 1999

Cadmium chloride and Yukmijihwang-tang extract (YJT), a herbal restorative were treated 3 mg/kg s.c. and 500 mg/kg p.o. respectively, and concurrently to rats, and examined the variations of the body weight, feed efficiency ratio, accumulation of cadmium in kidney, the triglyceride and cholesterol in serum, the blood pressure and heart rate of rats. The values of body weight gained and feed efficiency ratio decreased, and the other values increased significantly in cadmium-treated group, but concurrent administration with YJT showed significant recovery from the toxicity of cadmium.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 2009

Objectives : The result is the followings after investingating composition, dosage and usage of Yukmijihwang-Hwan(六味地黃丸) in literature by country and Era. Methods : Investigated Classics of Oriental Medicine that Yukmijihwang-Hwan is first described. Results : Found 42 literatures searching Yukmijihwang-Hwan in Classics of Oriental Medicine. Literature that Yukmijihwang-Hwan is recorded by first was Yinhaijingwei(銀海精微), but capacity has not recorded. Yukmijihwang-Hwan Medicinal Decoction that eat(Yukmijihwang-Tang: 5 times) as pill than eat(Yukmijihwang-Hwan: 37 times) was more. Literature that composition of Yukmijihwang-Hwan is recorded by Rehmannia glutinosa(熟地黃) is 8 Ryang(兩), Poria cocos(白茯苓) is 3 Ryang, Paeonia suffruticosa(牧丹皮) is 3 Ryang, Alisma Canaliculatum (澤瀉) 3 Ryang, Cornus officinalis(山茱萸) 4 Ryang, Dioscorea batatus(山藥) 4 Ryang was most. Conclusions : Yukmijihwang-Hwan wat difference in composition and capacity that Chinese and Korean Classics of Oriental Medicine. After Dongeuibogam of the Korea is published, composition and capacity are connected until today.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.263-274
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• 2017

Objectives: To identify the current status of Korean medical practice pattern, diagnosis and treatment of dementia through recognition survey, and to use it as a preliminary data for various dementia research. Methods: Questionnaires were developed through expert meetings. The disease was defined as dementia and mild cognitive impairment, and areas were designated to practice pattern, diagnosis and treatment. From December 18, 2016-January 18, 2017, 221 respondents, including 36 neuropsychiatrists of Korean Medicine and 185 general physicians (including other medical specialists) were included. Results: 1. In both groups, the most commonly used KCD (Korean standard classification of disease and cause of death) were in the order of Unspecified Alzheimer's Dementia (F00.9), Mild Cognitive Impairment (F06.7), and Unspecified Dementia (F03). 2. The most commonly used pattern identification were zang-fu and qi-blood-yin-yang in both groups. 3. Diagnostic evaluation tools were mainly conducted by MMSE, radiologic examination, K-DRS, GDS and CDR in both groups. 4. Both groups reported using acupuncture and herbal medicine mainly. 5. In both groups, the acupuncture method was used extensively in the order of Body, Scalp, and Sa-Am. 6. Neuropsychiatrists used a variety of herbal medicines such as Wonjiseokchangpo-san (Yuanzhushichangpu-san), Yukmijihwang-tang (Liuweidihuang-tang), Palmijihwang-won (Baweidihuang-won), Sunghyangjungki-san (Xingxiang Zhengqi-san) and Ondam-tanggami (Wendan-tangjiawei). General physicians used a variety of herbal medicines such as Ondam-tanggami (Wendan-tangjiawei), Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang), Yukmijihwang-tang (Liuweidihuang-tang). 7. Neuropsychiatrists used a variety of Korean herbal preparation products (benefit and non-benefit) such as Ekgan-sangajinpibanha (Yigan-sanjiachenpibanxia), Yukmijihwang-tang (Liuweidihuang-tang), Jodeung-san (houteng-san), Palmijihwang-won (Baweidihuang-won). General physicians used a variety of Korean herbal preparation products such as Bojungikgi-tang (Buzhongyiqi-tang), Banhabaegchulcheonma-tang (banxiabaizhutianma-tang), Yukmijihwang-tang (Liuweidihuang-tang), Ekgan-sangajinpibanha (Yigan-sanjiachenpibanxia), Palmijihwang-won (Baweidihuang-won). Conclusions: By confirming awareness of Korean medical doctors treating dementia in clinical fields and understanding differences between neuropsychiatrists of Korean medicine and general physicians, it can be used to understand guideline users' needs and confirm clinical questions during development of future clinical practice guidelines for dementia.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.191-201
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• 2002

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate the effects of Yukmijihwang-tang on contusion of the mice induced with medicine. Methods : I observed the effects of light and electron microscopes. and examined hematological changes and VEGF-immunohistochemistry. Results : Hematology: Leukocytes were increased significantly in a control group of mice compared with the experimental group. Light microscope : A few neurons were condensed in the 7-day experimental group, but condensed remarkedly in the 3-day control group. Most glial cells were observed in the 3-day experimental group. Edema and dilatation of vessels occurred significantly in the 3-day control group, and these results occurred weakly in the 7-day experimental group. VEGF-immunohistochemistry : VEGF-immunohistochemical reactivity for the glial cells was the highest in the 3-day experimental group, and immunoreactivity for the vessels and neurons highly increased in the 7-day experimental group. Electron microscope : In the 3-day control group, protoplasmic astrocytes concerned with angiogenesis contained weakly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum. and a few of glial filaments were observed. In the 7-day experimental group, the bundles of glial filaments were found in the cytoplasmic process of astrocytes. Conclusion : medication using Yukmijihwang-tang of mice contused by medical stress is highly effective in inflamatory response, curing cell damage and angiogenesis.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.82-88
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• 2010

Because syndrome-differentiation is one of the major characteristics in oriental medicine, there would be a possibility that the same herbal medicine show different effects on the same disease, if syndrome differentiation is ignored. In this report, we observed different response of Yukmijihwang-tang in diabetic stroke patients according to their syndrome differentiation. One case diagnosed as 'Kidney-yin deficiency syndrome' showed remarkable improvement on diabetes mellitus, whereas the serum glucose levels of the other 4 cases diagnosed as 'non Kidney-yin deficiency syndrome' were lowered little. These results are in accordance with the oriental medical theory that Yukmijihwang-tang can treat 'Kidney-yin deficiency syndrome'. Therefore, we suggest that subsequent clinical trials on oriental medicine would have to include the concept of differentiation of syndromes in order to take out the merit of oriental medicine.