• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제52권2호
• /
• pp.92-100
• /
• 2019

Objectives: Young adulthood represents a critical developmental period during which the use of tobacco may begin or cease. Furthermore, differences in smoking behaviors between younger (aged 18-24 years) and older (aged 25-34 years) young adults may exist. This study aimed to characterize patterns related to current smoking in younger and older young adults. Methods: This study used data acquired from the Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted from 2013 to 2014. A total of 2069 subjects were categorized as younger (712 subjects) and older (1357 subjects) young adults. The chi-square test was used to assess the relationships between smoking status and socio-demographic, health-related, and smoking-related factors. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to assess the factors affecting current smoking in these age groups. Results: The current smoking prevalence was 18.3% among the younger young adults and 26.0% among the older young adults. Sex, education level, occupation, perceived health status, alcohol consumption, and electronic cigarette use were related to current smoking in both age groups. Secondhand smoke exposure at home and stress levels showed significant relationships with smoking in younger and older young adults, respectively. Conclusions: Strong correlations were found between the observed variables and smoking behaviors among young adults. Determining the factors affecting smoking and designing interventions based on these factors are essential for smoking cessation in young adults.

• 마케팅과학연구
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.27-39
• /
• 2009

Compulsive consumption is regarded as a global phenomenon that can adversely affect consumer well-being. Although the topic has been studied in different cultural settings, we have seen relatively little theory development and explanations of compulsive behavior Nearly all previous empirical studies attempt to explain this behavior by correlating measures of compulsive behavior with independent variables taken within the same time frame. However, recent developments in social sciences suggest that such a phenomenon may best understood in the context of the person's earlier-in-life experiences. Using the life course paradigm as an overarching framework, the present research extends previous work on this topic. Following hypotheses were drawn from literature review: H1: The earlier in childhood and adolescence a person experiences family dislocation, the greater his or her likelihood of exhibiting compulsive behaviors in adulthood. H2: The earlier in life the young person experienced family dislocation, the greater the number of family disruption events the young person experienced prior entering adulthood years. H3: Family dislocation leads to (a) increased frequency of socio.oriented family communications and (b) decreased frequency of concept-oriented family communication. H4: Young adults who were raised in families characterized by a strong socio-oriented communication structure are more likely to exhibit compulsive consumption tendencies than those who were raised in families characterized by a weak socio-oriented family communication structure. H5: Young adults who were raised in families characterized by a strong concept-oriented communication structure are less likely to exhibit compulsive consumption tendencies than those who were raised in families characterized by a week concept-oriented family communication structure. H6: The relationship between family disruption events experienced during adolescence and perceived stressfulness of these events is moderated by (a) global family support, (b) emotional family support, and (c) material family support. Those reporting higher levels of family support as teenagers are less likely to report experiencing stress due to family disruption events. H7: Perceived stressfulness of family disruption events experienced during adolescent years are associated with compulsive consumption tendencies in early adulthood. H8: The greater the number of family disruption events young adults experienced during their adolescent years the more frequent was their communication about consumption with their peers. H9: The more frequent was the young persons' communication with their peers about consumption during their adolescent years, the more likely they are to report compulsive buying tendencies as young adults. We use a sample of 120 Thai undergraduate students attending classes taught in English as part of a four-year international program. Product-moment correlations, hierarchical regression analysis and partial correlation were used to analyze data. Results of testing hypotheses showed that hypothesis 2, 4, 7 and 9 were supported and hypothesis 1, 3, 5, 6 and 8 were not supported. Our study did not find a significant relationship between the age when a person experienced family dislocation and their compulsive behavior tendencies expressed as young adults. We did not find a significant relationship between family dislocation and family communication structures. But we found a significant positive relationship between socio-oriented communication structure and compulsive buying and a significant relationship between our peer communication and compulsive buying measures. Also we found perceived stressfulness due to the disruptive events to have a significant positive relationship between the perceived stressfulness and compulsive buying. Implications from these findings, limitations of this research and future research suggestions were discussed.

• 한국사회복지학
• /
• 제67권1호
• /
• pp.83-107
• /
• 2015

사회복지 실천현장과 학술 연구 분야에서 자아존중감의 중요성은 점차 높아지고 있으나, 자아존중감과 자아존중감의 변화에 대한 국내연구는 미진한 실정이다. 본 연구는 자아존중감의 변화과정에 주목하고 이에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 추정하는데 목적을 두며, 특히 개인별 특성 요인과 더불어 시간적으로 변화하는 개인내 변화요인의 영향을 동시에 추정함으로써 자아존중감의 변화 과정을 입체적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 또한 분석 대상을 연령층으로 구분하여 영향 요인들의 효과를 비교 분석함으로써 생애주기에 따른 자아존중감의 변화 과정을 조망하였다. 한국복지패널 1~8차 자료 중 19세 이상 성인을 분석 대상으로 삼아 다수준 성장 모델을 적용한 결과, 성별, 교육수준과 같은 고정된 개인별 특성 뿐 아니라 가족, 사회적 관계, 고용 및 혼인상태 등 변화 요인들이 자아존중감의 발달궤적에 유의한 영향을 미치며, 이러한 영향이 연령층에 따라 다르게 나타남이 확인되었다. 이는 자아존중감이 성별과 같은 개인적 특성과 더불어 심리사회적 상태 등의 복합적 산물이며, 상태적 특성을 가진 자기개념임을 의미하는 것으로, 개인의 상황적 욕구에 대한 적합한 대응을 통해 자아존중감이 향상될 수 있음을 함의한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.95-104
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 한국 장애학생을 위한 전환교육 모델을 융합 재구성하는 데 목적을 두어 실시되었으며, 궁극적으로 학교-지역사회 연계 장애인평생교육 지원체제 개발 타당성 관점을 제고하고자 하는 데 의의를 두어 역시 실시되었다. 연구 방법은 장애학생 전환교육 모델을 학령기와 성인기 간 연계 관점에서 구체화하고자 한 선행 연구문헌을 분석한 절차를 기초로 하여 전문가 회의를 병행하는 절차로 구성되었다. 연구 내용은 현행 특수교육 분야에 구축된 전환교육모델을 융합 재구성하기 위해 IEP-ITP-ILEP 간 연계교육이 특수교육과 장애인평생교육 간에 학교 중심, 지역사회 중심, 교육, 복지의 관점을 근거로 일관적 연계 타당성을 확보하는 차원으로 반영되었다. 이에 따라, 학령기 중심의 특수교육 분야에서 구축된 장애학생의 전환교육 모델이 학령기와 성인기 전환 시점의 단편적 접근 경향성을 최소화하고, 성인기 전체와 연계될 수 있는 표준 근거와 구성 체계를 제시함으로써 현행의 전환교육 모델을 내용 측면에서 융합 재구성하였다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.719-723
• /
• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: South Korean's sodium consumption level is more than twice the upper limit level suggested by the WHO. Steep increases in the prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Korea necessitate more effective sodium reduction programs. This study was conducted in order to compare sodium intake-related eating behaviors and key psychosocial factors according to age group and gender. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using an online survey, a total of 1,564 adults (20-59 years old) considered to be geographically representative of South Korea were recruited and surveyed. The major outcomes were perceived behaviors, knowledge, intentions, and self-efficacy related to sodium intake. RESULTS: The results show that perceived behavior and level of self-efficacy related to low sodium consumption differed by age and gender. Female participants showed better behavior and intention towards low sodium intake than male counterparts. Young participants in their 20s showed the lowest intention to change their current sodium intake as well as lowest self-efficacy measures. CONCLUSIONS: Future sodium reduction interventions should be developed with tailored messages targeting different age and gender groups. Specifically, interventions can be planned and implemented at the college level or for workers in their early career to increase their intention and self-efficacy as a means of preventing future health complications associated with high sodium intake.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제40권5호
• /
• pp.381-387
• /
• 2007

Objectives: This study was conducted in order to determine how the association between socioeconomic position(SEP) and health status changes with age among Seoul residents aged 25 and over. Methods: We utilized the 2001 and 2005 Seoul Citizens Health Indicators Surveys. We used self-rated 'poor' health status as an outcome variable, and family income as an indicator of SEP. In order to characterize the differential effects of socioeconomic position on health by age, we conducted separate multivariate analyses by 10-year age groups, controlling for sociodemographic covariates. In order to assess the relative health inequality across socioeconomic groups, we estimated the Relative Index of Inequality (RII). Results: The risk of 'poor health' is significantly high in low family income groups, and this increased risk is seen at all ages. However, the magnitude of relative socioeconomic inequality in health, as measured by the odds ratio and RII, is not identical across age groups. The difference in health across income groups is small in early adulthood (ages 25-34), but increases with age until relatively late in life (ages 35-64). It then decreases among the elderly population (ages more than 65). When the RII reported in 2005 is compared to that reported in 2001, RII can be seen to have increased across all ages, with the exception of individuals aged 25-34. Conclusions: The magnitude of health inequality is the greatest during mid- to late adulthood (ages 45-64). In addition, health inequalities have worsened between 2001 and 2005 across all age groups after economic crisis.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.99-110
• /
• 1978

For the study on occurrence of backache related to types of daily activities in adulthood Nine hundred twenty six adults living in Seoul were randomly selected as subjects from the eight kinds of occupation; housewives, teachers, nurses, officers, physicians, labourers, beauticians & barbers, and students. The purpose of this study was to identify various factors related to backache in daily activities and to apply these factors in clinical situations as well as in the community situations. This survey was conducted from September 21 through October 8, 1976. Under the ten hypothesis designed for this study, the. followings were obtained; 1. Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to sex difference at 0.5% level. (x$^2$= 27.85, df: 1, p<0.005) 2. Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to age groups at 2.5% level. (x$^2$= 11.13, df= 3, p<0.025) 3. Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to types of occupation at 2.5% level. (x$^2$= 18.04, df: 7, p<0.025) 4. Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to types of movement originated by hand during occupational activities at 1% level. (x$^2$= 14.23, df= 4, p<0.01) 5, Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to types f movement of legs during occupational activities at 0.5% level. x$^2$= 20.78, df: 3, p<0.005) . No significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to length f daily working hours. . Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to degree of exercises at the level. x$^2$= 6.01, df= 2, p<0.05) . Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to sleeping posture at 1% level. x$^2$= 9.61, df: 2, p<0.01). Significant difference on occurrence of backache was revealed according to ordinary pattern of mean posture score at 0.5% level. (t : 4.27, df: 924, p<0.005) 10. Significant difference was revealed mean posture scores according to period of backache history at 0.5% level. (f- ratio = 3.73, df= 4, 562 p<0.005).

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.413-426
• /
• 2019

This study was performed to describe the longitudinal management of recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis from infancy to adulthood in perspective of surgical and orthodontic treatment. A 2-year-old girl was referred with chief complaints of restricted mouth opening and micrognathia due to bilateral TMJ ankylosis. For stage I treatment during early childhood (6 years old), high condylectomy and interpositional arthroplasty were performed. However, TMJ ankylosis recurred and symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) developed. For stage II treatment during early adolescence (12 years old), gap arthroplasty, coronoidectomy, bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis, and orthodontic treatment with extraction of the four first premolars were performed. However, TMJ ankylosis recurred. Because the OSA symptoms reappeared, she began to use a continuous positive airway pressure device. For stage III treatment after completion of growth (20 years old), low condylectomy, coronoidectomy, reconstruction of the bilateral TMJs with artificial prostheses along with counterclockwise rotational advancement of the mandible, genioglossus advancement, and orthodontic treatment were performed. After stage III treatment, the amount of mouth opening exhibited a significant increase. Mandibular advancement and ramus lengthening resulted in significant improvement in the facial profile, Class I relationships, and normal overbite/overjet. The OSA symptoms were also relieved. These outcomes were stable at the one-year follow-up visit. Since the treatment modalities for TMJ ankylosis differ according to the duration of ankylosis, patient age, and degree of deformity, the treatment flowchart suggested in this report could be used as an effective guideline for determining the appropriate timing and methods for the treatment of TMJ ankylosis.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제18권12호
• /
• pp.615-630
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 데이터를 바탕으로 일반적 특성과 함께 식생활특성 및 건강특성 요소들에 따른 총콜레스테롤 혈중농도의 차이와 함께 이상지질혈증 진단기준에 따른 총콜레스테롤 수준과의 연관성을 분석하고 이상지질혈증 발생에 대한 유의적 요소들의 상대적 위험도를 비교 분석한 것이다. 그 결과, 총콜레스테롤 혈중농도는 나이가 들수록 증가하므로 지속적 관리가 필요하며, 주로 성인전기에는 허리둘레 수준, 성인 후기에는 적절한 강도의 규칙적인 운동, 노인기에는 주관적건강수준 관리가 필요하고, 전반적으로 BMI 수준과 외식수준 관리가 필요하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2022

The purpose of this study was to form a linked model in which local institutions related to lifelong education for the disabled can cooperate based on the Daegu University K-PACE Center. The contents of the study started with recognizing the problem that the adult-centered lifelong education support system does not effectively cope with these factors, even though the independent life of people with developmental disabilities is a major factor determining the quality of life. Regarding this problem recognition, this study primarily emphasized the view that educational support for independent life of people with developmental disabilities should establish the context of the school foundation. The context of the school foundation is established for lifelong education centered on adulthood for people with developmental disabilities because the curriculum is embodied through the standards of subject matter education. In this regard, the Daegu University K-PACE Center, which established a curriculum that supports the independent life of people with developmental disabilities in terms of linking higher and lifelong education, actually reflects the context of the school foundation. As a result, this study prepared a strategy that could be considered as a transition to advance the curriculum organized by the Daegu University K-PACE Center, and the strategy was secondarily reflected as a procedure that could be linked to local lifelong education-related institutions for the disabled. Finally, this study presented a form of transition in which people with developmental disabilities can access the curriculum of lifelong education through the connection of local lifelong education-related institutions for the disabled, centering on the entire life of adulthood.