• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.130-133
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• 2016

Lymphangiomas are malformations of the lymphatic system accounting for approximately 5% of all benign tumors in infants and children. Abdominal lymphangiomas are rare, and can arise from either the retroperitoneum, gastrointestinal tract, or the mesentery of the abdominal viscera. Lymphangioma involving the whole mesentery is particularly rare. Most lymphangiomas are detected during infancy or childhood, but intraabdominal lymphangiomas such as mesentery are not found until adulthood. We report here on a patient with uncommon lymphangioma involving the whole mesentery who presented with fever and abdominal pain. This patient is unusual because he was confirmed through core needle biopsy which showed variable sized lymphatic spaces representing a immunoreactive for D2-40 antibody with involvement of the whole mesentery. No cases of mesenteric lymphangioma confirmed preoperatively have been previously reported in Korea.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2010

Epidemiological evidence of the effects of dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and anthropometric indexes on blood pressure is still inconsistent. To investigate the relationship between dietary factors or anthropometric indexes and hypertension risk, we examined the association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with sodium, calcium, and potassium intakes and anthropometric indexes in 19~49-year-olds using data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) III. Total of 2,761 young and middle aged adults (574 aged 19~29 years and 2,187 aged 30~49 years) were selected from KNHANES III. General information, nutritional status, and anthropometric data were compared between two age groups (19~29 years old and 30~49 years old). The relevance of blood pressure and risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and the intakes of sodium, potassium, and calcium was determined by multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression models showed that waist circumference, weight, and BMI were positively associated with SBP and DBP in both age groups. Sodium and potassium intakes were not associated with either SBP or DBP. Among 30~49-year-olds, calcium was inversely associated with both SBP and DBP (P = 0.012 and 0.010, respectively). Our findings suggest that encouraging calcium consumption and weight control may play an important role in the primary prevention and management of hypertension in early adulthood.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2013

Baculum elongatum has several peculiarities such as parthenogenesis, unique external features, changing body color, and dropping oviposition, which makes it a potential economically useful insect. Oviposition was performed by females without fertilization by the sperm of males. The oviposition period was $42.2{\pm}22.7$ days and the number of eggs per female was $109.5{\pm}70.5$ eggs. The hatch rate was 73.3% at $25^{\circ}C$ and 66.7% after low temperature treatment ($8^{\circ}C$ for 60 days). In nature, B. elongatum overwinters as an egg, but it can be assumed from the results that cold temperatures were not required for hatching. The hatch rate was 98.2% in the treatment using floral foam, fermented sawdust, and leaves. The developmental period was $100.9{\pm}4.2$ days for eggs, $55.3{\pm}4.6$ days for nymphs, and $49.7{\pm}16.0$ days for adults. The length of the eggs was $0.33{\pm}0.0$ cm and the lengths of the nymphs were clearly distinguishable according to the instar stage. Clover(Trifolium repens) was an excellent diet as it was similar to the host plant and could be used as an alternative diet. The rate of reaching adulthood for the insects was 66.7% on an artificial diet containing 25% acacia leaves. For sustainable mass rearing of nymphs or adults of B. elongatum, a natural diet could be used such as acacia (Robinia pseudoacacia), white oak (Quercus aliena), chestnut (Castanea crenata var. dulcis), and bush clover (Lespedeza bicolor), or an alternative diet such as clover or artificial diet.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.89-97
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• 2004

Purpose: Adolescence is viewed as a critical period in the formation of health behavior and many health behaviors developed during this era persist into adulthood. Social-cognitive theory, self-efficacy as a central construct, has been used to predict and intervene the health behavioral patterns in adolescent. Previous research demonstrated that the attachment in childhood and self-esteem as psychosocial factors are predictors of the health efficacy in adolescent and it is viewed as solely an antecedent for the lifelong health behavior. Method: To investigate the path pattern of attachment in childhood, self-esteem and health efficacy in adolescents, 381 adolescents in high school from two urban cities in Korea were recruited for cross-sectional sample. Attachment in childhood was measured using Mother-Father-Peer Scale. Self esteem was measured with Hare self esteem. Perceived self efficacy in Health was measured by the School Health Efficacy Questionnaire. The path analysis revealed a significant relationship between attachment in childhood and self-esteem, self-esteem and health efficacy in adolescents. Self esteem was the strongest contributing factor for health efficacy in adolescent. The results suggest that attachment in childhood may aid in formulating positive self -esteem in adolescents and self-esteem played a major role in predicting health efficacy in adolescents. Conclusion: Therefore, self-esteem enrichment should be incorporated with adolescent health promotion and certainly should be a component in any health education program in school health program and interventions. These results have implications of psychosocial and family related factors on health promotion and health education for the health care provider with regard to primary and secondary prevention in adolescent population.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.213-224
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• 2000

Health belief is an important factor influencing the performance of health behaviors. Young adulthood is a critical period to establish health beliefs and behaviors for a healthy life. As health professionals, nurses can help young people establish more positive health beliefs and carry out health behaviors more effectively. But before attempting to help them, it is necessary to identify their health beliefs and behaviors. The purpose of this study was to identify the health beliefs and health behaviors of university students in Korea. Subjects for this study were 2000 students from 10 universities, but data from only 1605 subjects was included in the analysis. Data were collected from May 5th, 1998 to June 21th, 1998. Instruments used in this study were two tools to measure 'health beliefs' and 'performance of health behaviors' that had been developed and used in previous research. Cronbach's $\alpha$s were .8737 for the tool for health beliefs and .8385 for the tool for health behaviors. The results of this study are as follows. (1) Average score of the subjects was 117.68 for health belief and 95.15 for performance of health behaviors. (2) There was a significant correlation between the health belief and the performance of health behaviors(r= .419). (3) School year, major, health status, and experience of disease in the students were important factors in the explanation of health belief(28.8%). (4) Health belief, major, health status, school year, sex, age, experience of disease in family members were important factors in the explanation of the performance of health behaviors (21.2%).

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.153-159
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• 2012

The effects of the an immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA), on the salivary gland are largely unknown, even though clinical trials for the stimulation of salivation using CsA have been attempted. Cyclophilin A (CypA) is known to be a binding protein for CsA. CypA has cell proliferation and tissue matrix change activities. In our present study, the presence of CypA in the gland and effects of CsA on CypA expression were investigated by immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting and RT-PCR analyses. CypA was immunohistochemically detected in various kinds of ducts in the submandibular glands of Sprague Dawley rats. The CypA mRNA level was highest at postnatal day 1 and gradually decreased in a time-dependent manner up to adulthood. The expression of CypA increased after a 10 day subcutaneous administration of CsA in postnatal day 1 rats. Surgical sections of the chorda-lingual nerve with impaired salivation showed no changes in CypA expression. A cell proliferation assay using PCNA anti-serum showed increased cell division following CsA treatment. These results suggest that CsA and CypA may act on ductal cells to regulate saliva composition rather than salivation levels.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

Objectives The aim of this study is to explore the association among DRD4 polymorphism, temperament and alcohol drinking behavior of Koreans in their early adulthood. Method Participants were 172 healthy Korean adults (mean age $28.1{\pm}0.8$). Their temperament was assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and their alcohol drinking behavior were evaluated with a self-reported questionnaire including the CAGE and the Korean version of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT-K). DRD4 exon III 48 base pair variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) was genotyped by PCR. Results No significant association was found between DRD4 polymorphism and TCI temperament dimension (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence) as well as alcohol drinking behavior scales. However, novelty seeking was significantly associated with alcohol drinking behavior. The higher level of novelty seeking was associated with the higher severity index of drinking (B = -0.225, p < 0.001) and problematic alcohol use on the CAGE and AUDIT-K [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.111, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.021-1.209, p = 0.015, OR = 1.087, 95% CI 1.009-1.170, p = 0.028]. Conclusion In our study, while there is no significant association of DRD4 polymorphism with temperament and alcohol drinking behavior, novelty seeking affects problematic alcohol use. Results suggest that novelty seeking may play an important role in problematic alcohol use in young Korean adults.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.89-107
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• 2019

This study aimed to examine the impact of academic background on full-time employment and on other important issues concerning job security and care faced by single-parent youths. The study alse aimed to verify the effect of related support on full-time employment. The analysis targeted 262 single parents under 24 years of age who were raising their children, and the main results were as follows: First, the ratio of adulthood was high for those who were employed, and the academic achievement of full-time workers was also significantly high. However, the rate of discontinuities in school was also high among those who were employed, especially those seeking full-time employment, whose desire to stay in school was higher than that of other difficulties of single, teenage parents. Second, the vocational education experience of single, teenage parents was 32 percent overall, and the rate of those seeking full-time employment was also relatively high, reaching 44 percent. However, the results of this study did not verify the direct effect of vocational education experience on full-time employment nor the interaction effect of the academic background. Therefore, a thorough review of the effectiveness of a vocational education program for young, single parents wishing to gain employment is necessary. Third, the overall rate of those who received a public nanny service was 31 percent, while the rate of full-time workers who experienced this service was significantly higher reaching 59 percent. In the research model verification, single parents who received a public nanny service were 3.8 times more likely to get a full-time job than those who did not, and receiving a public nanny service showed a regulatory effect between academic studies and full-time employment. The higher the academic level of the parents, the higher their possibility of full-time employment.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.247-252
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• 2008

Purpose: Passive eruption is characterized by the apical shift of the dentogingival junction. As this occurs, the length of the clinical crown increases as the epithelial attachment migrates apically. Altered passive eruption occurs when the margin of gingiva is malpositioned incisally on the anatomic crown in adulthood and results in excessive gingiva. The purpose of this article is to evaluate esthetic results of crown lengthening procedure in altered passive eruption.s. Materials and Methods: Three patients who complained "My front teeth look too short" were included. Bone sounding with periodontal probe revealed that alveolar bone crest was close to CEJ. Based on the diagnostic information, a diagnosis of altered passive eruption was made. They were performed apically positioned flap procedure with osseous resection. Results: Six months later, all patients achieved favorable esthetic results and gingival margins were healthy and stable. Conclusion: When the diagnostic procedures reveal alveolar bone crest levels approximating the CEJ, apically positioned flap procedure with osseous resection is indicated.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.5
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• pp.229-238
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• 2021

Background: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), an important physiological feature of asthma, is a prognostic marker of childhood asthma. Purpose: We aimed to investigate the factors associated with BHR in adolescents with childhood asthma. Methods: Two hundred and fifteen adolescents (≥13 years of age; 149 males, 66 females) who were diagnosed with asthma during childhood were enrolled, underwent methacholine challenge tests, and were divided into the BHR group (<25 mg/mL of provocation concentration causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV₁] [PC₂₀], n=113) or non-BHR group (≥25 mg/mL of PC₂₀, n=102). We examined longitudinal changes in BHR and the risk factors for its persistence in the 108 adolescents for whom baseline data, including methacholine PC₂₀ at age 6 years, were available. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the factors associated with BHR in adolescents. Results: Mold sensitization (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 5.569; P=0.005) and increased blood eosinophil count (aOR, 1.002; P=0.026) were independently associated with BHR in boys but not girls. The odds of BHR decreased by 32% with each 1-year increase in age in boys (aOR, 0.683; P=0.010) but not girls. A reduced FEV₁/forced vital capacity ratio (<90%) was independently related with BHR in female patients only (aOR, 7.500; P=0.007). BHR decreased with age throughout childhood. A low methacholine PC₂₀ at age 6 years was independently associated with persistent BHR throughout childhood in male and female patients, whereas early mold sensitization was a risk factor for persistent BHR in male patients only (aOR, 7.718; P=0.028). Conclusion: Our study revealed sex-specific differences in the factors associated with BHR in adolescents with childhood asthma. Our findings suggest the risk factors that might affect asthma transition from childhood to adolescence and adulthood.