• Title/Summary/Keyword: Young adult

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Developmental and ovipositional charcteristics of Tenodera aridifolia (Mantodea: Mantidae) (왕사마귀(Tenodera aridifolia)의 발육 및 산란 특성)

  • Moon, Hyung cheol;Lim, Ju Rak;Kwon, Suk Ju;So, Sun Young;Cheon, Hyung Kwon
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2019
  • This study was carried out to investigate the development and oviposition characteristics of Tenodera aridifolia. The nymphs of T. aridifolia grew to adults through 6 and 7 nymphal instars. The percentage of 7 nymphal instars (7-instar type) at 25, 28, and $30^{\circ}C$ were 77.3, 76.2, and 73.5%, respectively. In the 7 instars type, total nymphal periods at 25, 28, and $30^{\circ}C$ were 71.9, 53.5, and 54.7 days, respectively. And, there was no difference in deveolpmental periods between 6- and 7-instar types at all temperatures. Egg periods were 41.3 days at $25^{\circ}C$. Adult longevity of females were 82.0 days, deposited average 3.2 oothecae at intervals of 11.7~18.7 days at $28^{\circ}C$ during her life span. The first ootheca was the largest and $40.5mm{\times}22.0mm{\times}17.3mm$ in size. The number of average eggs per oothecae was 178.6 at $28^{\circ}C$.

Satisfaction and Experience of the Elderly with Dementia for the Service Provided by the Dementia Day Care Center (치매주간보호센터에서 제공하는 서비스에 대한 치매노인의 만족도와 경험)

  • Kim, Hwasoon;Lee, Young-Whee;Jung, Da-Woe;Lee, Jee-Yeon
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.19 no.7
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    • pp.609-627
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to explore service satisfaction of the elderly using dementia day care center and the meaning of day care experience. The subjects for this methodological triangulation study were 67 dementia elderly for 1:1 interview and 15 dementia elderly for focus group interview. All subjects were using dementia day care center. The mean age was $79.95{\pm}5.90$ for quantitative study and $80.07{\pm}5.78$ for qualitative study subjects. The mean scores of service satisfaction were ranged from $2.86{\pm}0.41$ to $2.96{\pm}0.30$. The lowest score domain was 'help and assistance', and the highest score domain was 'food and environment'. In 14 questions, satisfaction score was 3 point. According to content analysis, the experiences of dementia day care center were described with 20 themes such as 'mutual respect and understanding', 'pleasure and upset feelings about participation', etc. and 35 sub-themes. The overall satisfaction scores were high and in most cases the positive experiences with dementia day care service were described. Therefore it is recommended for mild dementia elderly to use dementia day care service and to be expanded.

Analysis of Supply Patterns of Lifelong Education Programs of the Welfare Centers for People with Disabilities (장애인복지관 평생교육 프로그램 공급 패턴 분석)

  • Kim, Doo Young;Lee, Sang Jin;Kim, Ho Yeon
    • 재활복지
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.1-26
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the operation status and supply patterns of lifelong education programs for people with disabilities and to find ways to enhance lifelong education functions of the welfare centers for people with disabilities. For the study, 1,496 lifelong education programs supplied by 104 disability welfare centers nationwide in 2016 were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows: First, the lifelong education programs provided by the welfare center for people with disabilities were 1,496, which provided an average of 14.4 programs per institution. According to the education cycle, the most operating program was 3~4 times a month, and the most operating program was more than 7 months by education period. Furthermore adult target program by main target and self management program by operating type were the most. Second, the analysis of the supply patterns of the lifelong education programs for people with disabilities showed that 53.5% of the respondents said that culture and arts education was the most important, followed by the liberal arts education 22.3%, basic literacy education 10.1%, and vocational ability improvement education 9.2% appear. Third, as a result of analyzing the supply patterns of lifelong education programs for people with disabilities, it showed significant difference in the supply patterns of lifelong education programs by metropolitan area, non - metropolitan area, region and urbanization level.

Salicylate Can Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periosteum-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Salicylate가 성체줄기세포의 골분화에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Bo Gyu;Lee, A ram;Lee, Bo Young;Shim, Sungbo;Moon, Dong kyu;Hwang, Sun-Chul;Byun, June-Ho;Woo, Dong Kyun
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.28 no.12
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    • pp.1455-1460
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    • 2018
  • Due to a rapidly expanding aging population, the incidence of degenerative bone disease has increased, and efforts to handle the issue using regenerative medicine have become more important. In order to control various bone diseases such as osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, regenerative medicine utilizing adult stem cells has been extensively studied. And it is now clear that the mitochondrial energy metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, is important for the process of stem cell differentiation. Interestingly, a recent study reported that salicylate promotes mitochondrial biogenesis by regulating the expression of $PGC-1{\alpha}$ in murine cells. However, the possible effects of salicylate on osteogenic differentiation through increased mitochondrial biogenesis in stem cells remain unknown. Thus, here we investigated whether salicylate could influence osteogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis of periosteum-derived mesenchymal stem cells (POMSCs). We found that salicylate treatments of POMSCs undergoing osteogenic differentiation increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase, a well-known early marker of bone cell differentiation. In addition, we observed that mitochondrial mass was increased by salicylate treatments in POMSCs. Together, these results indicate that salicylate can enhance osteogenic differentiation and mitochondrial biogenesis in POMSCs. Therefore, the findings in this study suggest that small molecules augmenting mitochondrial function such as salicylate can be a novel modulator for osteogenic differentiation and regenerative medicine.

Influence of heritability on craniofacial soft tissue characteristics of monozygotic twins, dizygotic twins, and their siblings using Falconer's method and principal components analysis

  • Song, Jeongmin;Chae, Hwa Sung;Shin, Jeong Won;Sung, Joohon;Song, Yun-Mi;Baek, Seung-Hak;Kim, Young Ho
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.49 no.1
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    • pp.3-11
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    • 2019
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of heritability on the craniofacial soft tissue cephalometric characteristics of monozygotic (MZ) twins, dizygotic (DZ) twins, and their siblings (SIB). Methods: The samples comprised Korean adult twins and their siblings (mean age, 39.8 years; MZ group, n = 36 pairs; DZ group, n = 13 pairs of the same gender; and SIB group, n = 26 pairs of the same gender). Thirty cephalometric variables were measured to characterize facial profile, facial height, soft-tissue thickness, and projection of nose and lip. Falconer's method was used to calculate heritability (low heritability, $h^2$ < 0.2; high heritability, $h^2$ > 0.9). After principal components analysis (PCA) was performed to extract the models, we calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value and heritability of each component. Results: The MZ group exhibited higher ICC values for all cephalometric variables than DZ and SIB groups. Among cephalometric variables, the highest ${h^2}_{(MZ-DZ)}$ and ${h^2}_{(MZ-SIB)}$ values were observed for the nasolabial angle (NLA, 1.544 and 2.036), chin angle (1.342 and 1.112), soft tissue chin thickness (2.872 and 1.226), and upper lip thickness ratio (1.592 and 1.026). PCA derived eight components with 84.5% of a cumulative explanation. The components that exhibited higher values of ${h^2}_{(MZ-DZ)}$ and ${h^2}_{(MZ-SIB)}$ were PCA2, which includes facial convexity, NLA, and nose projection (1.026 and 0.972), and PCA7, which includes chin angle and soft tissue chin thickness (2.107 and 1.169). Conclusions: The nose and soft tissue chin were more influenced by genetic factors than other soft tissues.

Effect of Fingertip Temperature on Multi-finger Actions in Young Adults (손 끝 온도변화가 젊은 성인의 다중 손가락 동작에 미치는 효과)

  • Shin, Narae;Xu, Dayuan;Song, Jun Kyung;Park, Jaebum
    • Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.157-166
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    • 2019
  • Objective: This study examined the effects of stimulating fingertip temperature on the patterns of force sharing and stability properties during multi-finger force production tasks. Method: 9 adult subjects (male: 3, female: 6, age: $26.11{\pm}4.01yrs$, height: $169.22{\pm}5.97cm$, weight: $61.44{\pm}11.27kg$) participated in this study. The experiment consisted of three blocks: 1) maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) task, 2) single-finger ramp task to quantify enslaving (i.e., unintended force production by non-task fingers), and 3) 12 trials of multi-finger steady-state force production task at 20% MVC. There were three temperature conditions including body-temperature (i.e., control condition), $40^{\circ}C$, and $43^{\circ}C$, and the stimulation was given to the index finger only for all experimental conditions. Results: There were no significant differences in the MVC forces, enslaving, and the accuracy of performance during the steady-state task between the conditions. However, the share of stimulated index finger force increased with the index fingertip temperature, while the share of middle finger force decreased. Also, the coefficient of variation of both index and middle finger forces over repetitive trials increased with the index fingertip temperature. Under the framework of the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) hypothesis used to quantify indices of multi-finger synergies (i.e., stability property) stabilizing total force during the steady-state task, the two variance components within the UCM analysis increased together with the fingertip temperature, while no changes in the synergy indices between the conditions. Conclusion: The current results showed that fingertip temperature stimulation only to index finger does not affect to muscle force production capability of multi-finger, independence of individual fingers, and force production accuracy by the involvement of all four fingers. The effect of fingertip temperature on the sharing pattern and force variation may be due to diffuse reflex effects of the induced afferent activity on alpha-motoneuronal pools. However, the unchanged stability properties may be the reflection of the active error compensation strategies by non-stimulated finger actions.

An Ethanol Extract of the Brown Seaweed Hizikia fusiformis and Its Active Constituent, Fucosterol, Extend the Lifespan of the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (갈조류 톳(Hizikia fusiformis)의 에탄올추출물 및 이의 활성성분 fucosterol에 의한 예쁜꼬마 선충의 수명 연장)

  • Oktaviani, Diyah Fatimah;Bae, Young-Seuk;Meinita, Maria Dyah Nur;Moon, Il Soo;Hong, Yong-Ki
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.29 no.10
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    • pp.1120-1125
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    • 2019
  • The short-lived nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been used as a model organism for many studies, including lifespan extension. To screen common seaweeds for natural anti-aging agents, the lifespan of C. elegans (N2 wild-type strain) was measured by its hatch rate, growth rate, survival rate, chemotaxis, brood size, and egg-laying time after exposure to nematode growth medium (NGM) containing seaweed extracts. Approximately 30 animals synchronized at the first larval stage were incubated until they reached their adult stages before laying their eggs and were transferred to fresh NGM every 3 days. We also identified the major active compound from the seaweed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and tested its optimal dose for longevity. Of 13 common seaweed species, an ethanol extract of the brown seaweed Hizikia fusiformis showed the greatest effect on hatching, growth, and survival rates. The lifespan of C. elegans was significantly expanded 1.54-fold and 1.23-fold in the presence of the ethanol extract (0.05 mg/ml) and the main active component, fucosterol (0.05 mg/ml), respectively. Exposure to the ethanol extract also increased chemotaxis 1.13-fold, decreased brood size 0.74-fold, and shortened egg-laying time 0.96-fold. These results suggest that the aquaculturable H. fusiformis may be a promising source of a diet supplement to support health care.

Relationship between emergency department crowding and initial management, mortality of severe trauma patients (응급실 과밀화와 중증외상환자의 초기 처치 및 사망률과의 연관성)

  • Park, Chang Won;Ahn, Jae Yun;Seo, Kang Suk;Park, Jung Bae;Lee, Mi Jin;Kim, Jong Kun;Ryoo, Hyun Wook;Kim, Yun Jeong;Lee, Dong Eun;Moon, Sungbae;Choe, Jae Young
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Emergency Medicine
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.624-635
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    • 2018
  • Objective: This study examined whether emergency department (ED) crowding influences the timing of the initial assessment and treatment in severe trauma patients, as well as their mortality rates. Methods: This retrospective, observational study was conducted between January 2015 and October 2016, and included adult severe trauma patients who presented to the ED. The emergency department occupancy rate (EDOR) was used to measure ED crowding. The patients were divided into four groups using the EDOR quartile. The timeliness of the initial assessment and treatment in the four groups as well as the mortality rates were compared. Results: This study investigated 307 patients. The timing of the first computed tomography (CT) and laboratory test order, CT and laboratory test result acquisition, first transfusion, and patient transfer from the ED to the operating room were similar in the four groups. Multivariable logistic regression analysis did not show a significant difference in mortality between the groups. Conclusion: ED crowding was not associated with delays in the initial assessment and treatment of severe trauma patients, or in their mortality rates.

Effect of Cognitive-Bias (Anchoring Bias) to N. Korea on Reunification Perception (북한에 대한 인지편향(기준점편향) 이 통일인식에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Seung Jo;Bae, Young Min
    • Convergence Security Journal
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.201-208
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate reunification perception among groups with different cognitive bias(anchoring bias) through empirical studies. This study assumes that cognitive bias occurs according to the content of N. Korea provided in school education, and that the cognitive bias formed in youth creates a difference in perception of N. Korea and reunification. For empirical study, a survey of reunification awareness conducted by the Institute for Peace an Unification Studies-Seoul National University was used, and the two groups are divided into A-group that chose "anti-communism or security" and B-group that did "reunification interests, multi-culturalism and understanding North Korea" according to N. Korea content which was encountered in school education during adolescence. A-group recognized N. Korea as a hostile target even after becoming an adult, while B-group regarded N. Korea as a one of dialogue and cooperation. This analysis illustrates the existence of cognitive bias between the two groups because of N. Korea content which was given in school education. A-group had a lower percentage than B-group in terms of the benefits of reunification to S. Korea and the need for more dialogue and compromise with N. Korea. However, there was no difference between two groups in terms of acceptance of N. Korean defectors. This research result could be a reference to the direction of school education policies relating to reunification in that early school education affects reunification awareness and perception related with N. Korea even in adulthood.

Proteomic Study for Low Molecular Weight Peptides in the Mealworm Tenebrio molitor (갈색거저리 유래 저분자단백질체의 분석)

  • Kim, Il-Suk;Bang, Woo Young;Bang, Kyu Ho;Kim, Sam Woong
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.219-222
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    • 2021
  • In this study, we examined low molecular weight peptides using proteomics in order to identify their original proteins, derive their peptides, and determine the functions of the proteins in Tenebrio molitor, the mealworm (larvae, pupae, or adult) from which the peptides were extracted. Fifty-four proteins were finally identified through an analysis of proteome to derive the analyzed peptides. The proteins that induced low molecular weight peptides were identified to be the most abundant in adults only, and the next highest were derived from a group containing both adults and larva. However, other groups, including pupa, were detected to have a lower frequency of peptides. As a result of orthologous classification of the detected proteins, the general function prediction was only investigated at the highest frequency among the examined proteins. Proteins related to chromatin structure and dynamics were detected by their higher frequency among functional classes. The next highest frequency was shown by proteins related to amino acid transport and metabolism and carbohydrate transport and metabolism. Therefore, it is assumed that proteins correlated with chromatin, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolisms are easily induced into low molecular weight peptides, and that their peptides could play a role as bioactive substances.