• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.555-566
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• 2018

Two rhizobacteria Bacillus aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 were evaluated whether they are involved in stress tolerance against drought and high temperature as well as fungal infections in Chinese cabbage plants. Chinese cabbage seedlings cv. Ryeokgwang (spring cultivar) has shown better growth compared to cv. Buram-3-ho (autumn cultivar) under high temperature conditions in a greenhouse, whilst there was no difference in drought stress tolerance of the two cultivars. In vitro growth of B. aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 were differentially regulated under PEG 6000-induced drought stress at different growing temperatures (30, 40 and $50^{\circ}C$). Pretreatment with B. aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 enhanced the tolerance of Chinese cabbage seedlings to high temperature, but not to drought stress. It turns out that only B. siamensis H30-3 showed in vitro antifungal activities and in planta crop protection against two fungal pathogens Alternaria brassicicola and Colletotrichum higginsianum causing black spots and anthracnose on Chinese cabbage plants cv. Ryeokgwang, respectively. B. siamensis H30-3 brings several genes involved in production of cyclic lipopeptides in its genome and secreted hydrolytic enzymes like chitinase, protease and cellulase. B. siamensis H30-3 was found to produce siderophore, a high affinity iron-chelating compound. Expressions of BrChi1 and BrGST1 genes were up-regulated in Chinese cabbage leaves by B. siamensis H30-3. These findings suggest that integration of B. aryabhattai H26-2 and B. siamensis H30-3 in Chinese cabbage production system may increase productivity through improved plant growth under high temperature and crop protection against fungal pathogens.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 1998

Tritium concentration in the atmosphere during HTO exposure was different between two experiments due to different velocity of HTO evaporation. Assimilation rate of the rice plant was considered to be higher than that of Chinese cabbage The uptake of atmospheric HTO into tissue free water tritium(TFWT) was higher in rice plants than in Chinese cabbage. However, organically bound tritium(OBT) concentration is relatively higher in Chinese cabbage than in rice. The specific activity ratio(SAR) increased slowly after HTO exposure and decreased gradually with time. The behaviour of HTO in the soil was affected by the environmental conditions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.358-376
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• 2024

Inoculation of Chinese cabbage leaves with high titer (10⁷ cfu/ml) of the non-adapted bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) strain Bv5-4a.1 triggered rapid leaf tissue collapses and hypersensitive cell death (HCD) at 24 h. Electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation markedly increased in the Xcv-inoculated leaves. Defence-related gene expressions (BrPR1, BrPR4, BrChi1, BrGST1 and BrAPX1) were preferentially activated in the Xcv-inoculated leaves. The Xcv-triggered HCD was attenuated by continuous light but accelerated by a dark environment, and the prolonged high relative humidity also alleviated the HCD. Constant dark and increased relative humidity provided favorable conditions for the Xcv bacterial growth in the leaves. Pretreated fluridone (biosynthetic inhibitor of endogenous abscisic acid [ABA]) increased the HCD in the Xcv-inoculated leaves, but exogenous ABA attenuated the HCD. The pretreated ABA also reduced the Xcv bacterial growth in the leaves. These results highlight that the onset of HCD in Chinese cabbage leaves initiated by non-adapted pathogen Xcv Bv5-4a.1 and in planta bacterial growth was differently modulated by internal and external conditional changes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.675-685
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• 2024

This study aimed to analyze the effects of cesium (Cs) treatment concentrations and organic matter on the growth of Chinese cabbage plants. The growth responses of cabbage to the Cs treatment varied depending on the concentration of Cs and the organic matter content in the soil. Higher concentrations of Cs in the soil presented a detrimental effect on cabbage growth. Specifically, increased Cs levels led to a reduction in leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, and fresh and dry weights. However, an increase in the soil organic matter content positively affected the fresh and dry weights. These trends were particularly pronounced in Chinese cabbage plants grown for 80 days after treatment. Soil organic matter proved to effectively mitigate the negative effects of Cs on plant growth. Incorporating organic matter into Cs-contaminated soils can, therefore, enhance the immobilization of radioactive isotopes and contribute to the stabilization of contaminated soils, making it a useful strategy for managing radioactive contamination.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.479-484
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• 2008

There have been contradictory reports concerning the role of garlic on kimchi fermentation; therefore, in this study, the stimulatory effect of garlic on the fermentation of kimchi was reappraised. In this study, fermentation of kimchi prepared using spring Chinese cabbage was stimulated by the addition of garlic, but kimchi prepared using autumn Chinese cabbage was not. In addition, the results of this study revealed that the fermentation of kimchi prepared using spring Chinese cabbage was found to be stimulated by glucose, yeast extract, peptone, and secondary ingredients of kimchi, but the fermentation of kimchi prepared using autumn Chinese cabbage was not stimulated by these ingredients. Taken together, these results indicate that general nutrients in garlic stimulate the fermentation of kimchi by compensating for nutrients that are not found in spring Chinese cabbages. However, these findings do not indicate that certain specific substance(s) in garlic stimulate kimchi fermentation.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.337-340
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• 1987

This experiment was conducted on relatively acid sandy loam soil at Choong-ju campus, Kon-kuk University aimed at clarifying the influence of urea and ammonium nitrate on the effect of potassium to Chinese cabbage in soils either limed or unlimed with calcium silicate. The results are summarized as follows: a. Calcium silicate application enhanced cabbage growth and under this condition, the difference in effect of urea and ammonium nitrate can hardly be observed. b. Without calcium silicate application, the response of Chinese cabbage to ammonium nitrate was more distinctive than that to urea. This was partially attributable to the greater use of soil born potassium at ammonium nitrate treatment. c. Added potassium was not only affective in increasing cabbage yield but also contributed in improving quality of cabbage by producing greater edible portion of the cabbage. Such K effect was particularly pronounced on the acid soil where calcium silicate application was neglected. d. Potassium was easily translocated from outer leaves to inner leaves and thus, the concentration of K content in outer leaves played as a limiting factor of cabbage yield. Less than 20 me/100gr of K content in harvested dried outer leaves resulted in a linear reduction of cabbage yield.

• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.377-383
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• 1998

Thioltransferase, also known as glutaredoxin, was purified from Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. napus var. pekinensis) by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. Its purity was confirmed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and its molecular weight was estimated to be about 12,000 which is comparable with those of most known thioltransferases. The enzyme utilizes 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide, S-sulfocysteine, ${\alpha}-chymotrypsin$, insulin, and trypsin as substrates in the presence of reduced glutathione. The enzyme has Km values of 0.03-0.97 mM for these substrates. It appeared to contain dehydroascorbate reductase activity. The pH optimum of the enzyme was 8.5, when 2-hydroxyethyl disulfide was used as a substrate. It was greatly activated by reduced glutathione. Its activity was not significantly lost when stored at high temperature, indicating its thermostable character. It may play an important role in thiol-disulfide exchange in plant cells.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2017

Plants have evolved to adapt to abiotic stresses, such as salt, cold, and drought stress. In this study, we conducted an in-depth analysis of drought resistance mechanisms by constructing a gene co-expression network in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis L.). This drought stress co-expression network has 1,560 nodes, 4,731 edges, and 79 connected components. Based on genes that showed significant co-expression in the network, drought tolerance was associated with the induction of reactive oxygen species removal by raffinose family oligosaccharides and inositol metabolism. This network could be a useful tool for predicting the functions of genes involved in drought stress resistance in Chinese cabbage.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.399-409
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of different concentrations of microbial products on growth of chinese cabbage and microorganisms in soil. Two different levels of microbial products, such as 50 times and 100 times diluted solutions of chitosan, wood vinegar and EM activity liquid, were treated for foliar application. the results were summarized as follows : Among foliar applications of microbial products, 100 times diluted solution of chitosan was effective on growth of chinese cabbage comparing to other levels of dilutions and untreated control plot. The number of microorganism in the soil tended to increase under the treatment of microbial products compared to control plot. Especially, the numbers of the bacteria and actinomycetes were estimated $73.67{\times}10^3$ CFU/g and $34.00{\times}10^3$ CFU/g, respectively, under the treatment of 100 times diluted solution of chitosan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.8
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• pp.1184-1188
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• 2011

This study analyzed changes in the texture and salt content of Chinese cabbage after salting using different methods to determine the effects of low salt brining. To verify the possibility of brining under low salt concentration, Chinese cabbage was salted with 1%, 2%, 6%, and 10% salt solutions by pressing, pressure reduction, or steaming. After salting, the firmness (g, determined using the puncture test) of the Chinese cabbage changed according to the brining methods used, however, an increasing trend in rigidity was observed as the salinity increased. Because the power applied during pressing or pressure reduction treatments is higher, the firmness of and penetration time on the surface of the brined Chinese cabbages after these treatments increased more in the 6% salt solution cabbage. Additionally, the Chinese cabbages treated with steam showed significantly higher firmness and penetration time than those treated by pressing and pressure reduction. As a result of pressing the 6% salt concentrated cabbage with 1.35 $kg{\cdot}f/cm^2$, a pressure reduction from 250 mmHg, and steaming at 100$^{\circ}C$ for 1 min, the cabbage had roughly 2% of the salt concentration, ultimately. These physical treatments of pressing, pressure reduction, and steaming could be used as new methods for preparing salted Chinese cabbage with low salt concentrations for general use.