• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.87-97
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• 2002

This study is aimed at grasping how the farmhouses in Yongdong area continues to be transfigured according to the modernization and urbanization since 8.15 Liberation through the analysis of natural environment and sociocultural environment elements. The farmhouses in Yongdong area before 1960's have had a different spatial structure from those of the other areas because of the characteristics of the climatic, regional, geographic and sociocultural environment elements. The roof improvement promoting law after 1967, the Saemaul Movement since 1971 and the standard drawing of farmhouse after 1972 are transfigured the rural villages, but they were turned up the limitations of their exploits because of the lack of cognition about environment elements. Recently there were appeared the farmhouses which were reflected farmer's decisions in construction after 1980's because former farmhouses were not give consideration to environment elements.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

The traditional farm houses in Yongdong area of Kangwon province have a different spatial structure from those of the other areas because of the characteristics of the climatic, geographic and sociocultural circumstances between the Taebaek mountains and the East Sea. So the purpose of this study is aimed at grasping how the spatial features of traditional farm houses in Yongdong area have been different in each regional circle. The plans of traditional farm houses of this region which are four types - ㅡ typed house without floor, ㅡ typed house with floor, ㄱ typed house without floor, ㄱ typed house with floor - show very similar but different space arrangements.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2001

This study deals with the analysis of how the residential space of the farmhouses which were recently built by farmer's free intent with the help of a person who is related with architecture was changed. So that this study is aimed at grasping how the spatial structure of recent farmhouses in the southern part of Yongdong area continues to be kept and changed according to the modernization and urbanization. Also it includes grasping the trend of spatial transformation and constancy about the recent farmhouses through the analysis of living elements as well as the extension, renewal and rehabilitation of residential space.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.283-287
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• 2005

Osteochondroma is one of the most common benign tumors of the axial skeleton, but is rarely found in the facial bones. Osteochondroma shows an irregular radiopaque lesion and chondromatic area surrounded by osteoma. It may appear different findings as calcification levels. When it develops in the long bone, it has a marked tendency in the ages from 10 to 20 years and ceases with the end of pubertal growth. However, when it develops in the condyle, it is prevalent in the third decades (average 39.2 years) and continues to develop. Lesions developed in the long bone have a predilection for men (M:F = 2:1), but for women in the mandible. Osteochondroma is differentiated from chondroma, osteochondromatosis and osteoma. Mandibular condyle osteochondroma presents asymptomatic facial swelling, rarely posterior openbite, pain during mouth opening and internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint disc due to condylar lengthening and condylar hyperplasia. The first choice of treatment of the massive osteochondroma is the surgical removal. We report osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle showing good result to treat the lesion.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.191-193
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• 2008

Impacted third molars of the mandible are generally found at or close to the second molar. If the third molar is impacted far distant from its original site, it may be affected by cysts or tumors. Ectopic impaction of third molar in the condyle area is very rare. Furthermore, impaction without cystic lesion is even less common. The etiology of migration of the mandibular third molar without cystic lesion is unknown. So periodical X-ray taking is essential.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2005

The treatment of sulcus vocalis and vocal bowing has been commonly used Thyroplasty Type surgery or injection within vocal folds such as Teflon, silicone, collagen. However, and treatment has not been acquired satisfactory treatment effect. This study was conducted to demonstrate voice therapy effect using singer's vocal technique and respiratory training. 4 patients (1 male, 3 females) with sulcus vocalis or bowing, with or without scar were selected for this study and we compared with acoustic, aerodynamic measures and stroboscopy observation before and after voice therapy. The results showed that 1) case 1 (48yr, male) with sulcus vocalis decreased F0 (Fundamental Frequency), increase CQ(Close Quotient) and high degree of satisfaction but not improved voice quality after voice therapy. 2) case 2(19yrs, femal) with mild sulcus vocalis improved as normal voice quality after voice therapy. 3) case 3(38yrs, female) with functional bowing showed abnormalvocal contact before therapy whereas CQ was increased after voice therapy. 4) case 4(27yrs, female) with vocal atrophy and vocal bowing changed normal range of Fo and increased CQ after voice therapy. Even though contact area of both vocal folds was increased and lowered F0 after voice therapy, current outcomes revealed that normal voice quality was not regained. These results might signify that it was difficult that vocal folds couldn't be recovery of symmetry and viscoelastic property of mucosal wave through voice therapy. However, it was difficult for this study to maintain voice therapy so that evaluate effect of voice therapy for long-term. Further study will be needed to long-term follow-up for voice therapy with these patients.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.10-20
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• 1995

A study was undertaken to elucidate the clinical dietetic performance level and to identify the difference between the actual role performance and perception of important level of the clinical dietitian. The survey was carried out for the 21 general hospital over 100 beds in Seoul, Pusan and Daegu area. The results of the study can be summarized as follows. 1. One dietitian was responsible for the feeding and clinical dietetic activity of 166 in-patients on the average. 2. In the actual role performance of clinical dietetic practices, of the 26 items listed, only 3 were always or almost or almost performed by 75% of the dietitians, 4 additional items were always or almost performed by 60% of them. 3. In the perception of importance level of clinical dietetic practices, more than 75% of the dietitians indicated that 23 of the 26 tasks were important practices. 4. The performance average score of nutrition assessment was 15.85, of nutrition care plan development was 19.72, of patient counseling was 12.22, of research activity was 19.62, and of education was 21.27 in the dietetic department was a division for the clinical dietetic activity, while 10.96, 15.24, 9.54, 15.97, 18.50 respectively in the dietetic department has not a division for it.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.383-393
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• 2003

The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the amount of marginal bone loss between upper anterior area and upper posterior area with 71 upper single-tooth restorations on 2 stage machined $Br{{\aa}}nemark$ implants since Jan 1995. The second aim was to compare the bone defect group which had dehiscence and fenetration and the others in the upper anterior region. The results were as follows. 1. The most frequent reason of missing tooth in the upper anterior region was trauma by 61%. While upper posterior region showed various reasons such as congenital missing, advanced periodontitis, trauma. 2. Peri-implantitis with fistula occurred 1 of 41 implants in the upper anterior group in 1 year after loading and 2 of 32 implants in the upper posterior group failed before loading. The 1 year success rate of upper anterior group was 97.56 %, and 93.75 % for upper posterior group. 3. The mean marginal bone loss in the upper anterior group was 0.44${\pm}$0.25 mm, while 0.57${\pm}$0.32 mm in the upper posterior group. There was statistically significant difference in the amount of mean marginal bone loss (P${\pm}$0.10 mm at one year, and 0.48${\pm}$0.26 mm for the control group. No statistically significant difference of mean marginal bone loss was showen between bone defect group and the others at implantation. According to the results, the upper anterior region showed less marginal bone loss than the upper posterior region. In case of missing single upper tooth, careful consideration on recipient residual ridge to determine proper implant diameter and length, sufficient healing time, proper loading would lead to implant success. Single tooth implants in the maxilla seemed to be an alternative to fixed partial dentures without damage to adjacent teeth.

• 아동학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.49-62
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• 1982

This is a study to analyze rural area women's perception and practice of prenatal care, which is the fundamental of the education of children. Further, it was aimed to provide basic data for ideal childbirth, upbringing and household management process. For that object, questionnaires were distributed to women living in Yongdong region to judge the level of general understanding on prenatal care. Research was done from three different aspects; dietary life, emotion control and health management. Percentages were drawn out to see the general tendency. The following results were discovered from data analysis: 1. Most subjects of the survey knew well about prenatal care. They had acquired that knowledge from their parents. Most thought that prenatal care is necessary. They answered that they think prenatal care has more or less effect on the fetus. The first dime they thought about prenatal care was after they found that they were pregnant. 2. The subjects knew well about dietary needs for pregnant women carried out much of what they knew. Intake of sufficiently nutritious food is somewhat difficult, but foods that are regarded as bad were avoided thoroughly. It appears that most women have much concern about what they eat during pregnancy. 3. Most of the subjects understood that the emotional stability is necessary but it wasn't put into practice so well as in dietary life. Especially, attitudes connected with emotional development like, "Look or hear only what is good (for the fetus)" were practised little. Efforts for self-restraint as "Not to hate or pick out others' defects or talk bad about others" were appeared to be great, and it is practised well, too. 4. The subjects were well-informed on health area, but practised little. Behaviors for health improvement as to "Lead a regular daily life for health" or "Not to take a long trop" were practised very faithfully. The results of the survey showed that passive attitudes related to tabooed food, self-abstinence and cautions for bodily safety were prevalent; more positive and progressive disposition missing. That is, full perception and active practices for caloric intake, emotional improvement and physical strength development are needed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.551-556
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• 2005

배경: 완전 동맥 무인공 심페 바이패스 관상동맥우회술(OPCAB)에서 하나 혹은 두 개의 동맥 이식편을 사용한 연쇄 문합(Sequential graft)의 결과는 우수한 것으로 보고되고 있다. 하지만 충분하지 않은 이식편의 길이나 관류저하, 이식편의 굴절, 이식편의 부자유스런 경로 등이 문제점이 될 수 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 연쇄 문합대신 다중 복합 Y동맥 이식편(Multiple Y composite Graft)을 사용했으며 이방법의 유용성과 임상적 결과를 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 2월부터 2004년 10월까지 다중 복합 Y동맥 이식편을 이용한 완전 동맥 무인공 심폐 바이패스 관상동맥우회술을 시행 받은 71명의 환자를 대상으로 하였으며, 사용한 동맥은 좌, 우내유동맥과 요골동맥이었다. 대부분 좌내유동맥을 inflow 동맥으로 사용했으며, 그 외 좌, 우내유동맥을 동시에 혹은 우내유동맥을 inflow동맥으로 사용하였다. 모든 동맥을 획득한 후 요골동맥은 원위 문합 부위에 맞게 길이를 측정하여 원위부 문합 수에 따라 분절로 나누었다. 그 중 하나를 내유동맥에 Y 문합하고, 다른 요골동맥 분절은 이미 문합한 요골동맥 이식편에 다시 Y문합하는 방법으로 다중 복합 Y동맥 이식편을 완성하였다. 완성된 이식편을 각각의 원위부 문합 부위에 end to side형태의 문합을 시행하였다. 수술 후 총 61명 의 환자에서 multi-slice컴퓨터 단층촬영을 시행하여 이식편의 개통률을 조사했다. 결과: 환자들의 평균나이는 $61.6\pm9.4$세(34$\sim$79세)였고 이 중 57명이 남자였다. 평균 $2.5\pm0.6$개의 동맥이 사용됐으며 $3.7\pm0.7$개의 원위부 문합을 시행하였다. 수술 후 심근경색이나 저관류증과 같은 심각한 합병증이나 사망한 환자는 없었다. 수술 후 평균 CK-MB치는 $17.4\pm29.7\;IU/L$였다. 전체적인 이식편의 개통률은 $99.1\%\;(214/216)$(좌내유동맥 $100\%$, 요골동맥. $98.4\%$, 우내유동맥: $100\%$)를 보였다. 결론: 다중 복합 Y 동맥 이식편을 이용한 완전 동맥 무인공 심폐 바이패스 관상동맥우회술을 기술적인 문제점 없이 시행할 수 있었으며, 우수한 초기 임상 결과와 개통률을 보였다. 저자들은 특히 심장의 둔각 모서리 부위의 우회술시에 기존의 연쇄 문합에 비해 기술적으로 더 용이하며 복잡한 관상동맥우회술이 필요한 환자에게도 도움이 될 것으로 생각한다.