• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.311-315
• /
• 2001

In order to improve a soil test-based fertilization model for nitrogen, the Mitscherlich-Baule-Spillman equation modified by Bray and his coworkers was introduced and tested for its possibility of application. The coefficients $C_1$ and $C_2$ in the equation A were calculated by applying 10 pot experimental results done by the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology. Then, a regression(B) between C_1 and x, the fertilizer level was estimated. log(Ymax-Y) = logYmax-$C_1x-C_2b$ (A) where Ymax : maximum yield. Y : yield without or with a limited amount of fertilizer applied, x : application level of fertilizer, b : content of a nutrient in soil, $C_1$ and $C_2$ : coefficients of x and b, respectively. log(0.05)=$-C_1x-C_2b$ (B) Fertilizer requirement calculated by the equation B was significantly correlated with the real level of fertilizer applied for 95 percentage of the maximum yield. A more extensive and precise study on $C_1$ and $C_2$ in the equation A in expected to improve significantly the fitness of soil analysis to the fertilizer recommendation.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.38 no.1 s.113
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2006

Newsprint is quantitatively the most important printing paper. The demands for its printability are continuously increasing. It is well known that the relationship between the physically tested paper properties and newspaper printability is unsatisfactory. In order to improve the printing quality of Korean newsprint, the printability coefficients such as maximum ink requirement(Ymax), print through were investigated. Kinds of newspapers and black printing ink were tested by IGT printability tester. Experiment condition of IGT printability tester was 14 steps between $0.2{\sim}2.8g/m^2$ of ink requirement, printing pressure was 200 N and printing velocity was 1 m/sec. The properties of newspaper samples (basis weight, bulk density, roughness, smoothness, porosity, i. e.) were examined in accordance with KS and TAPPI standard testing methods. The result of this study are respected for usefulness printing quality management of Korean newsprint.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2002

In a physically realistic but simplified manner, an attempt is made in this study to develop a predictive model for swash hydrodynamics across the shore due to the storm waves on an arbitrary beach profile. Date from the SUPERTANK laboratory Data Collection Project are used for the model development, in which experiments were designed to simulate dune erosion under storm conditions at a prototype scale. The model predicts variations of swash height, velocity and period across the beach face in a swash zone. In general, the model proves to be capable of predicting variations of swash height, velocity and period across the shore. Quantitatively better predictions for the swash parameters could be achieved by improving the prediction of the beach face elevation, ymax, where the significant swash height becomes zero.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
• /
• v.38 no.3 s.116
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2006

The increasing use of newsprints in the media and an advertisement have brought the needs to improve the printing quality of the advance full-color newspaper. The printability coefficients used in this research such as Ymax for the density and Tollenaar's density smoothness constant value $\ulcorner$m$\lrcorner$ were introduced early in Europe and have been in use to control printing quality. In order to improve printing quality of domestic full-color newsprints, those printability coefficients could be used to control printing quality. This study was carried out to measure the printability coefficients of domestic full-color newspapers. Four kinds of domestic newspapers and two kinds of newspaper printing inks were tested by IGT printability tester. The printed density smoothness coefficient $\ulcorner$m$\lrcorner$ value showed good results when the samples have low porosity and roughness. The printability coefficients obtained are expected to be useful to the korean newspaper printing industry.

• Biomedical Science Letters
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.302-313
• /
• 2023

Y chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers have been developed continuously to complement forensic DNA analyses and population genetic studies. Initially, we collected data from previously reported Korean population Y-STR haplotype studies on 1133 individuals. We then conducted a marker expansion analysis using a dataset from the Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD), covering up to 29 Y-STRs, referred to as Ymax. Additionally, we examined the impact of rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs included in this expanded marker set on the discrimination capacity. We observed that marker expansions both with (0.9896), and without (0.9510), RM Y-STR improved the discrimination capacity. Subsequently, we focused on 16 individuals belonging to seven distinct groups sharing identical haplotypes. These particular haplotypes had been previously identified among 476 unrelated males using 23 Y-STR markers from the PowerPlex^® Y23 System. We expanded the marker panel up to Ymax to explore how discrimination improved with an expansion of Y-STR markers for these 16 individuals. Among the expanded markers, DYS627, which had high discriminatory power, had a high mutation rate (1.10 × 10^-2) and high gene diversity (0.83). In contrast, DYF387S1 displayed high gene diversity (0.95) but a relatively low mutation rate (2.80 × 10^-3). We propose that these findings will be valuable in the selection of suitable Y-STR markers, depending on the objectives of forensic analyses. Additionally, the presence of frequently observed Y-haplotypes in Korean population will facilitate statistical interpretation in Y-STR DNA profiling.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.17-30
• /
• 1997

In this work, we have investigated the printability such as print through and str-off of domestic newspapers. Nine kinds of domestic newspapers Hansol, Deahan, Sinho, Hanla and Sepung, were tested by IGT printability tester, and studied using maximum ink requirement method. We obtained the datum of printability parameters such as maximum ink requirment of paper Ymax, printing density D, print through, set-off and gloss. The results of this test showed that a choice of the fillers on the newspaper had an effect on print through, set-off and density of newspapers in the maximum ink transfer point.

• Journal of the korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.42-50
• /
• 1991

According as the members and inner and outer plates of the automobile body structure have been thinned their thickness and have become high strength, each part of the body structure has been put more severe stress condition. Therefore, it has been increasingly required to improve the fatigue strength of the spot welded structures. As one of the improving methods for such problem, the author had previously proposed the method of alleviating stress concentration at nugget edge of the spot weld part and improving its fatigue strength [1]. But, because fatigue strength of the spot welded lap joint is influenced by its geometrical and mechanical factors, welding condition and etc., there needs a quantitative and systematic estimation method of them. In this report, by considering nugget edge of the spot weld part of the spot welded lap joint subjected to tensile load to the ligament crack, fatigue strength of various spot welded lap joints was estimated with the stress intensity factor (S.I.F.) K which is fracture mechanical parameter. It is known that evaluation of fatigue strength of the spot welded lap joint by the stress intensity factor (S.I.F.) K is more effective than the maximum stress $(\sigma_{ymax}$) at edge of the spot weld part on the center line of width of the plate.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 1989

Growth kinetics of mammalian cell, Chinese Hamster Ovalry(CHO) was investigated to effectively produce pharmaceutically important Erythropoeitin under perfusion chemostat conditions. Perfusion rate, D is correlated with total viable is to be an essential factor in controlling growth kinetic parameters under this kind of operations. It is also found that the measurement of oxygen uptake rates is a relatively accurate method to understand cell growth, in case that the traditional cell count method is no longer useful due to heavy cell clumpings. True growth yield, Ymax and maintenance coefficient, me associated with mammalian cell growth were estimated as $2.86{\times}10^8$ cells/ g of glucose and 0.0063 g of glucose/ cells/ hr, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.8
• /
• pp.1089-1095
• /
• 2010

Four biological candidate genes, natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 (SLC11A1 or NRAMP), prosaposin (PSAP), interferon Gamma (IFNG), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), were examined to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and associations of the SNP with antibody response kinetics in hens. An $F_2$ population was produced by mating $G_0$ highly inbred (<99%) males of two MHC-congenic Fayoumi lines with highly inbred Leghorn hens. The $F_2$ hens (n = 158) were injected twice with SRBC and whole, fixed Brucella abortus (BA). Blood samples were obtained before each immunization, at 7 d after primary immunization, and at several time points after secondary immunization. Minimum titers (Ymin) and the time needed to reach them (Tmin), and maximum (Ymax) titers and the time needed to reach them (Tmax), were estimated from the seven post-secondary immunization titers using a nonlinear regression model. The $F_2$ hens were genotyped for the four candidate genes by using PCR-RFLP for one SNP per gene, which identified the parental allele. General linear models were used to test associations of SNP genotypes with antibody response parameters and BW measured at 4 ages. The IFNG SNP was highly significantly (p<0.0125) associated with primary response to SRBC, Tmin to BA, Ymin to BA, and 12-week BW. The current study demonstrated that the novel IFNG promoter SNP was associated with antibody kinetics for BA and SRBC in laying hens, and also with BW, suggesting that this cytokine may play a pivotal role in the relationship between immune function and growth.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.45 no.2
• /
• pp.57-69
• /
• 2023

Growth responses along the gradient of water temperature, salinity, and light intensity and cytotoxicity against Artemia nauplii were explored using Ostreopsis sp. and Coolia canariensis strains, representing the two potentially toxic epiphytic dinoflagellate (EPD) species from Jeju coastal waters of Korea. Variation in maximum growth rate (GRmax) and maximum biomass yield (Ymax) along the environmental gradients was quite contrasting between the two strains, which appears to be reflected in the in situ abundance distribution of the corresponding genera. The more eurythermal characteristics of Ostreopsis sp. strain were in good agreement with the relative distribution of Ostreopsis spp. and Coolia spp. in 520 macroalgal samples collected from 6 stations. The more stenohaline C. canariensis strain was well matched by a markedly narrower range of salinities in the in situ distribution of Coolia spp. than the salinity range for Ostreopsis species. The differences in light adaptation between the high light-preferring Ostreopsis sp. strain and the more euryphotic C. canariensis strain were remarkably consistent with the distinct vertical profiles of Ostreopsis spp. and Coolia spp. abundance in the red alga Amphiroa sp. off Moom-seom. Cytotoxicity against Artemia nauplii in the Ostreopsis sp. preparation with 1000 cells ml^-1 was similar to that in C. canariensis preparation with 12000 cells ml^-1, which is noteworthy. Thus, the new potential cytotoxicity risks from C. canariensis along with the well-known toxic genus Ostreopsis may be introduced to Jeju coasts, which necessitates further exploration into the contrasting ecological niches occupied by EPD species in relation to their cytotoxicity.