• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1813-1821
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to identify useful secondary traits for estimating genetic ability of milk production traits. We investigated the value of using plasma metabolites concentrations. Two hundred and nineteen cattle out of 271 had only milk production traits records (G1), 33 had only metabolites records (G2), and 19 had both milk production traits and metabolites records (G3). Fifty two calves with metabolites records (G2 and G3) were born from 1992 to 1997. Forty three calves (29 females, 14 males) were used from 10 to 90 d of age and the others (3 females, 6 males) from 10 to 60 d of age. A total of 566 records of milk yield, fat yield and protein yield for 240 to 305 d on 238 heads (G1 and G2) were collected The collected blood samples were divided into three age groups: AG1, 10 to 30 d; AG2, 40 to 60 d; and AG3, 70 to 90 d. Heritabilities of milk yield, fat yield and protein yield were $0.45{\pm}0.04$, $0.50{\pm}0.04$ and $0.38{\pm}0.04$, respectively. Heritability of plasma glucose concentration at AG1 was $0.45{\pm}0.08$. Genetic correlations between plasma glucose concentration and milk yield, fat yield and protein yield were -$0.35{\pm}0.28$, $0.64{\pm}0.24$ and $0.36{\pm}0.35$, respectively. When the plasma glucose concentration at AG1 was used to estimate genetic ability of these milk production traits, reliability of milk yield of animals without milk record increased 8.2%, fat yield increased 24.2% and protein yield increased 9.5%. Heritability of plasma total cholesterol concentration at AG3 was $0.83{\pm}0.04$. Genetic correlation between plasma total cholesterol concentration and milk yield, fat yield and protein yield were $0.58{\pm}0.21$, $0.42{\pm}0.20$ and $0.45{\pm}0.22$, respectively. When the plasma total cholesterol concentration at AG3 was using to estimate genetic ability of these milk production traits, reliability of milk yield of animals without milk record increased 19.0%, fat yield increased 9.6%, and protein yield increased 13.5%. The annual genetic gain is in proportion to the reliability of selection. These results show that the plasma metabolite concentrations would be useful for improvement of genetic ability for milk production traits in the genetic improvement in herd of cows, where half of the animals selected are from a herd without its own milk record.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 1983

In order to obtain the basic information for the most successful breeding of Burley tobacco, these studies were performed on the correlations among agronomic characters and on the heterosis and combining ability in $F_1$ generation. Heterosis ratio was highly variable in different $F_1$ combinations. Positive heterosis was observed in all characters except days to flowering and yield showed the highest heterosis ratio. As the results of analysis of dialled table, the general combining ability (GCA) in all characters was shown to be significant . All characters except the number of leaves in the specific combining ability (SCA) were significant, Variety, L8, contributed negative GCA for all characters. Burley 21, ky 10 and ky 14 contributed negative GCA for leaf width, quality and yield, respectively. Hybrid of ky 10 x ky 14 showed negative SCA and hybrids of ky I0x L8 and ky 14 x L8 showed positive SCA for all characters. There were significant correlations between yield and number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width or leaf area. Correlation between yield and days to flowering was non- significant .

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.79-79
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• 2017

Grain Sorghum varieties grown in Korea have low productivity and are constrained by the fact that farmers' choice of improved varieties is limited. Hybrid cultivars have been demonstrated to be more productive and food security than pure line varieties. However, There's no available hybrid cultivars and never planted before in Korea. This study was, therefore, conducted to determine combining ability of Korean landrace varieties and cultivar, the level of heterosis of experimental hybrids depending on environments. Two cytoplasmic male-sterile lines were crossed with six male-fertile lines in accordance with North Carolina II mating scheme to generate 12 experimental hybrids. The hybrids were evaluated in replicated row-column alpha designs at two sites in Texas and South Korea under on-season production conditions. For each trait, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were estimated using the line-tester method of analysis. Results indicated significant differences among genotypes for both grain yield potential and secondary traits. Hybrids were predominant for grain yield, and displayed up to 127% heterosis of A03017 ${\times}$ Sodamchal in Korea. Positive GCA for yield was observed for Donganme, Hwanggeumchal and Jungmo4002 in Korea. Among them Jungmo4002 and Donganme had highly positive for yield (227.90 and 84.90 kg ha-1), while it showed negative GCA for yield in College station (-40.90, -189.60 kg ha-1). ATx630 ${\times}$ Sodamchal had the greatest SCA for yield (468.10 kg/ha) in College station but at South Korea its SCA effect was -302.40 kg/ha. A similar trend was observed, followed by A03017 ${\times}$ Donganme (SCA effect = 215 kg ha-1 at College station vs. -44.20 kg ha-1 at South Korea). At South Korea the greatest positive SCA effect for grain was observed in ATx630 ${\times}$ Jungmo4002 as 322.20 kg/ha. Both GCA and SCA effects significantly interacted with site effects demonstrating the need for region adaptation of potential cultivars and test for developing Korea suitable cultivar.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.250-256
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• 1992

This study was carried out to obtain basic genetic informations in pea(Pisum sativum L.). A series of field experiments were carried out with seven pea cultivars and F$_1$ hybrids for three years. Based on the information collected from a set of diallel crosses, the behaviours of inheritance of seed yield and ten major agronomical characters were observed by the estimation of heterosis and combining ability. Heterosis for seed yield per plant was 79% and those for yield components such as number of seeds per plant, number of pods per plant, stem length, stem diameter, number of branches per plant, also showed relatively high values. General combining ability(GCA) and specific combining ability(SCA) were significantly different among major agronomic characters, and the variances of GCA were higher than those of SCA latter. Among the tested cultivars, Alderman was found to be the most promising parent based upon the GCA effects on the seed yield and yield components. The crosses of Sugar Ann$\times$Alderman, Wando$\times$Alderman and JI 1198$\times$Chinju ＃6, showed the highest SCA effects on seed yield and yield components.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.193-198
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• 2000

Plant characteristics of four winter crop hairy vetch, red clover, crimson clover and rye as green manure were evaluated at three harvesting time(Apri1 23, May 9, May 28) in spring to select superior winter green manure crop. Rye and hairy vetch had superior wintering ability and produced high dry matter compared with crimson clover and red clover. But N amount of rye was small because of its low plant N% despite of early dry matter accumulation. Wintering ability of crimson clover was very poor, so its dry matter decreased rapidly with low seeding rate. Hairy vetch had high N % (4%, C:N ratio 11) and produced high N yield among four plant. It is estimated that hairy vetch have high N-fixing ability because its N% was not changed largely despite of dry matter accumulation at late harvesting time contrast to the other legume. It was thought that hairy vetch was superior green manure crop in considering yield of dry matter and N. (Key words : Winter legumes, Hairy vetch, Green manure yield, Nitrogen concentration)

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.420-423
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• 2001

Combining ability in mungbean was studied in 15 quantitative traits through a 6 $\times$ 6 diallel cross. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were found conditioning the inheritane of nodes of the first peduncle, clusters per plant, clusters on main stem and branches, pods per plant, 1000 seed weight, grain yield per plant, biomass, and harvest index. The additive gene action was found significant for nodes on main stem, average internodal length, branches per plant, pods per cluster, pod length, and seeds per pod. The predominace of additive genetic variance was observed in all traits. For grain yield and yield components, the best combiner were VC3902A, VC1560D and ML-5, while the best combinations were the crosses VC3902A $\times$ ML-5, VC1560D $\times$ ML-5, and NM 92 $\times$ VC1560D.

• Economic Analysis
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.1-47
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• 2020

This paper surveys research since the 1990s on the ability of the yield spread and its components (i.e., expectation spread and term premium components) for future economic activity, and also conducts an empirical analysis of their forecasting ability using the yield data of Korean government bonds. This paper's survey, particularly for the US, shows that the yield spread has significant predictive power for some macroeconomic variables, but since the mid-1980s, its predictive power seems to have declined, possibly due to stronger inflation targeting. Next, this paper's empirical analysis using Korean data indicates that the yield spread, and the term premium component in particular, has significant predictive power for industrial production (IP) growth, consumer price index growth, and the IP gap. An out-of-sample analysis shows that the prediction equations are unstable over time, and that in predicting IP growth, the yield spread decomposition makes a significant contribution to the prediction of IP growth.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.379-383
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• 2008

Extraction characteristics of garlic and functional properties of corresponding extract were monitored by response surface methodology (RSM). Maximum extraction yield of 26.41% was obtained at microwave power of 146.29 W, ethanol concentration of 63.31 %, and extraction time of 5.88 min. At microwave power, ethanol concentration, and extraction time of 114.84 W, 58.83%, and 1.42 min, respectively, maximum electron-donating ability (EDA) was 72.86%. Maximum nitrite-scavenging ability was 94.62% at microwave power, ethanol concentration, and extraction time of 81.83 W, 2.65%, and 3.83 min, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed maximum pseudo-activity of 49.12% at microwave power of 34.23 W, ethanol concentration of 33.11 %, and extraction time of 4.40 min. Based on superimposition of 4-dimensional RSM with respect to extraction yield, electron-donating ability, nitrite-scavenging ability, and pseudo-activity of SOD, optimum ranges of extraction conditions were microwave power of 0-100 W, ethanol concentration of 40-70%, and extraction time of 2-8 min.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.3-11
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• 1984

In order to obtain the basic information for the successful breeding of aromatic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), the heterosis, combining ability and gene distributions in 28 Fl hybrids by diallel crosses between Korea local and Oriental varieties were investigated. The yield were higher, stalk height, leaf length and leaf width were larger and days to flower was shorter for the Fl hybrids when compared to mid-parent. Estimates of general combining ability were significant for all characters investigated, and specific combining ability were significant for yield, stalk height, leaves Per Plant, leaf width and days to flower. In vr-wr graph, partial dominane was exhibited by all characters investigated.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 2004

The combining abilities in the 5 newly evolved thermo tolerant breeds viz., SR6, SR7, SR8 SR9 and SR10 of silkworm Bombyx mori L. and their 15 hybrids were made in a line${\times}$tester crossing programme. Data were analysed for seven quantitative traits i.e., pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, cocoon shell ratio, filament length and raw silk percentage under optimum room temperature $(25{\pm}{1^{\circ}C})$ conditions (In case of high temperature $(36{\pm}{1^{\circ}C})$ stress conditions five economic traits except filament length and raw silk percentage) with 3 widely adapted testers i.e., KA, CSR2 and CC1 as lines (females) and testers (males) respectively. The performance at high temperature and low humidity conditions aye only taken into consideration for selecting the best lines/hybrids. Among the lines SR6 exhibited positive General combining ability (GCA) effects for pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight and cocoon shell ratio traits, followed by SR7 for pupation rate, cocoon yield and cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio. Among testers, KA exhibited positive GCA effects for two quantitative traits cocoon yield, cocoon weight and CSR2 for cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio under adverse temperature conditions. The hybrid SR6${\times}$CC1 and SR7${\times}$CSR2 exhibited significant positive Specific combining ability (SCA) effects for majority of the traits in high temperature stress conditions of rearing. The better parent value of heterosis(Heterobeltiosis) was exhibited by the hybrid SR6${\times}$CC1 for pupation rate, cocoon yield, cocoon weight and cocoon shell weight and SR7${\times}$CSR2 for all the trails evaluated under high temperature conditions. Based on the results, the lines SR6 and SR7 was judged as best combiners and the hybrids SR6${\times}$CC1 and SR7${\times}$CSR2 can be selected for commercial exploitation in tropical climate.