• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.788-794
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• 2009

Both strains of KD-1212 and DAH-1056 were isolated and identified from animal manure-contaminated soil by screening bacterial strains for the removal of sulfur compound-malodor with such substrate as sodium thiosulfate or free sulfur. Then the characteristics on the incubation of these microbes were observed under various incubating-condition such as pH, temperature, aerobic or anaerobic, substrate(sulfur compound) concentration, nitrogen and carbon source and rotating speed for mixing, and the optimum incubating condition was established. The optimum pHs of KD-1212 and DAH-1056 were 7.0 and 4.0, respectively, and their optimum temperatures were in the range of $30{\sim}35^{\circ}C$. Another autotrophic strain, ED-1138, was isolated from contaminated soil. The strain DAH-1056 excelled a strain Thiobacillus sp. IW in eliminating hydrogen sulfide during the process of malodor-biofiltration with a fixed strain. The characteristics on the incubation of strain KD-1212 were observed under various substrate-concentrations, nitrogen and carbon sources. KD-1212 favored glucose and maltose, and yeast extract as carbon sources and nitrogen source, respectively. The optimum concentrations of substrate and nitrogen source were 25 mM of sodium thiosulfate and 0.5% yeast extract, respectively for the growth of strain KD-1212.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.168-176
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• 2016

This study investigated the effects of family leisure ritual and positive negative outcomes of family leisure ritual on marital satisfaction of the married. A survey questionnaire was completed by 216 married people. SPSS Win program was used to perform MANOVA and Hierarchical Regression Analysis. The main study findings are as follows. (1)In the family leisure rituals, the main activity was 'going out in the suburbs' and the main difficulty was 'lack of mutually available time for all family members'. (2)The family leisure ritual was significantly different according to age. Over 30 years participated in more family leisure ritual than over 50 years. The positive negative outcomes of family leisure ritual were significantly different according to gender. Men evaluated more positive outcomes of family leisure ritual than women whereas women evaluated more negative outcomes of family leisure ritual than men. (3)The family leisure ritual and positive negative outcomes of family leisure ritual affected marital satisfaction. This study indicated that it is necessary to make a positive outcome effort of family leisure ritual for increasing marital satisfaction in the married.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.206-214
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• 2011

Fifteen clones of poplars, 2 clones of willows, and yellow poplar were used to evaluate the effects of 5 treatments such as SCBLF (slurry composting and biofiltration liquid fertilizer), general slurry liquid fertilizer, chemical fertilizer, groundwater, and control (no treatment) on vitality, growth performance, and biomass production. Five cuttings for each tree species were planted in 3 replications. After planting cuttings, a coppice was induced by cutting off stems at 10cm above the ground. Data were collected for first growing season and trees were harvested at the end of October. Maximum mortality rate i.e. 96% was recorded in the cuttings treated with groundwater and minimum 92% with control (no treatment). In all tree species, sprouting of stump was not differ significantly among the treatments. Total nitrogen concentrations of leaves and stump sprouts were higher in the treatment of SCBLF than the control, 26.6% and 22.9%, respectively. Biomass production was highest in the stumps treated with chemical fertilizer, $1.98Mg\;ha^{-1}\;year^{-1}$, and lowest in control ($1.34Mg\;ha^{-1}\;year^{-1}$).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2018

Brad Bird, a screenwriter and animation director in the United States, criticized the situation in which most animations were produced and released for the children since the early 2000s. He said that animation is an art form capable of conveying messages not only to children but also to adults, and that their development potential is high. In this study, I analyzed overall components such as narrative structure, character, subplot, symbol, and foreshadow of Brad Bird's animated feature films , , and examined his narrative features and strategies. As a result, the narrative features of animation as an art form are as follows: First, conveying the message of a serious subject that will deeply sympathize with adults as well as children. Second, expressing the social agenda which criticizes the contradiction of the real world and the periodic mistakes. Third, solid narrative structure through a dense plot based on realistic situation setting. I hope that this study will be used as basic research material for various animation production in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.461-476
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the existing theories related to overtraining syndrome and to examine the mechanism of overtraining syndrome from the viewpoint of brain science by examining domestic and foreign literature related to the relationship between overtraining syndrome and brain neurotransmitter. The aim of this paper is to provide basic data that can improve the understanding of the mechanism of overtraining syndrome and the role of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. The results of this study and a number of hypotheses about the overtraining syndrome were proposed, each with strengths and weaknesses. Similar symptoms that occur when the concentration of serotonin in the neurotransmitter increases are related to signs and symptoms of overtraining syndrome. However, it has not been validated to date because it can not distinguish the mechanism of the mediator between the central nervous system and the peripheral nerves. This study suggests that the mechanism of overtraining syndrome will provide important basic information to understand the complex causes of overtraining syndrome through the interaction of existing theory and brain neurotransmitter. Although there has been a lack of studies on the mechanism of overtraining syndrome and brain neurotransmitters so far, we hope that this study will provide an opportunity for more and more people to broaden their understanding of overtraining syndromes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-41
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to classify parks by type and to propose management plans for each park type. Environmental characteristics of urban parks in Daegu Metropolitan City were used to classify them into five categories. A total of 68 neighborhood parks were classified using their internal/external environmental factors, with a resulting distribution of 41 parks classified as 'FFR-type parks,' 12 as 'HNR-type parks,' 6 as FFCI-type parks,' 3 as FFA-type parks,' and 6 as 'HNA-type parks.' In the analysis of ecological and usage characteristics for the neighborhood park types, FFR-type parks had excellent park accessibility and the highest population density within the park service area. HNR-type parks had high NDVI from their natural green spaces, but their accessibility was low. FFCI-type parks had very low NDVI and green space connectivity, and also had low park accessibility and population density. FFA-type parks had low NDVI and green space connectivity, and very poor accessibility. HNA-type parks had high NDVI and green space connectivity. These findings provide an effective base dataset for use in preparing long-term plans for remodeling and managing urban neighborhood parks.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.17-31
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to carry out a comprehensive assessment of Donjibong Park in Daegu and establish a master plan for green space considering the functional characteristics of the park. For this purpose, green space in the park was assessed based on 13 indicators using three functions. A comprehensive green master plan was then proposed. Green spaces with high scores for the natural-ecological and environmental-control functions were found in the central area of the park, whereas green spaces with low scores were found near the park boundary and paved areas. Green spaces in the southeast were found to have a high score for usage functions due to their proximity to a residential area. In the master plan based on the comprehensive assessment, the plan space was divided into a conservation area, restoration area, buffer area, environmental monitoring area, observatory/trail/facility area, and waterside green space area. Also, concrete plan directions were proposed based on each plan space. These results can be utilized for establishing objective plans in the future construction of new parks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.92-103
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• 2017

As a professional occupation, landscape education focuses on fostering professional human resources and is one of the major axes of the landscape industry. In this study, a survey of landscape students on their learning and pedagogics was conducted with the aim to present basic information for the improvement of teaching on landscape construction. A total of 348 people answered 14 questions in the category of the impression of landscape construction classes included in the questionnaire. The results showed that the students found landscape construction classes academically important and recognized the necessity for completing these classes, but they were not satisfied with the learning environments and pedagogics used in these classes. They found what they learned not readily applicable to actual practice and saw these classes as part of their preparations for the landscape engineer qualification test. Their demands in relation to the classes included field practice-oriented teaching and participation in various programs for field practice, which highlights the necessity for human resource management-oriented classes that cover planning, design, construction, and management. Challenges in relation to field practice included the provision of environment, for example offering a variety of opportunities and improving treatment in practice. This study has significance in that it analyzed the views of students and discussed directions for future improvement since there is a lack of studies and discussions about education in the field of landscape construction. This study also has a limitation that only four-year universities were included in the study. Comprehensive studies including investigating junior college and graduate school curricula and case studies of landscape construction curricula overseas are needed in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.669-675
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• 2015

This study was carried out to elucidate the effect of different rearing system on cortisol level, stress hormone, and fatty acid composition in the edible muscle tissues. These steers were reared in two different systems including antibiotic-free (ARS) and conservative system (CRS). In the M-Longissimus tissue, cortisol level was significantly lower in ARS than CRS, (p=0.0176). But, the levels of total saturated and unsaturated-fatty acids does not differ in ARS as CRS (p >0.05). However, the total saturated fatty acid levels tended to be greater in CRS and the total unsaturated fatty acid levels tended to be greater in ARS. However, the level of n-6 unsaturated fatty acid was higher in ARS than CRS (p=0.004). Especially, levels of linoleic acid (LA) and ${\gamma}$-linolenic acid (GLA) were significantly higher in ARS (p <0.01). Cortisol level and the n-6 fatty acid content in muscle tissue were negatively correlated (at p=0.00140.) In conclusion, ARS may produce beef with higher quality which contains lower cortisol and greater n-6 fatty acids, such as ALA and GLA.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.191-212
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• 2003

Recently, there is a growing body of literature that suggests that information inefficiency is one of the causes of the asymmetric volatility. If this explanation for the asymmetric volatility is appropriate, then innovations, such as the introduction of futures, may be expected to impact the asymmetric volatility of stock market. As transaction costs and margin requirements in the futures market are lower than those in the spot market, new information is transmitted to futures prices more quickly and affects spot prices through arbitrage trading with spots. Also, the merit of the futures market may attract noise traders away from the spot market to the futures market. This study examines the impact of futures on the asymmetry of stock market volatility. If the asymmetric volatility is significant lower post-futures and exist in the futures market, it has validity that the asymmetric volatility is caused by information inefficiency in the spot market. The data examined are daily logarithmic returns on KOSPI 200 stock price index from January 4, 1993 to December 26, 2000. To examine the existence of the asymmetric volatility in the futures market, logarithmic returns on KOSPI 200 futures are used from May 4, 1996 to December 26, 2000. We used a conditional mode of TGARCH(threshold GARCH) of Glosten, Jagannathan and Runkel(1993). Pre-futures the spot market exhibits significant asymmetric responses of volatility to news and post-futures asymmetries are significantly lower, irrespective of bear market and bull market. The results suggest that the introduction of stock index futures has an effect on the asymmetric volatility of the spot market and are inconsistent with leverage being the sole explanation of asymmetry. However, it is found that the volatility of futures is not so asymmetric as expected.