• 제목/요약/키워드: Yeast transcription

검색결과 132건 처리시간 0.023초

CYC8에 의한 rad53 돌연변이의 표현형 억제에 대한 연구 (Phenotypic Suppression of Rad53 Mutation by CYC8)

  • 박경준;최도희;권성훈;김준호;배성호
    • 미생물학회지
    • /
    • 제46권2호
    • /
    • pp.122-126
    • /
    • 2010
  • RAD53은 효모의 검문지점 경로가 DNA 손상을 감지하여 여러 가지 후속적인 세포 내 반응을 일으키는 데 핵심적인 역할을 하는 인산화 효소일 뿐만 아니라, dNTP 생성에 중요한 RNR 유전자 등의 전사 활성화 과정에도 관여하는 효모의 생존에 필수적인 유전자이다. 본 연구에서는 rad53${\Delta}$ 돌연변이의 hydroxyurea에 대한 민감성을 억제하는 억제자로서 CYC8을 동정하였다. CYC8 유전자가 많은 사본으로 존재할 때 rad53${\Delta}$ 균주의 hydroxyurea에 대한 내성이 증가하였으나, CYC8과 복합체로 작용하는 TUP1은 다사본 억제자로 작용하지 못하였다. 반면, 삭제 돌연변이의 경우, cyc8${\Delta}$과 tup1${\Delta}$ 모두 억제자로 작용하였다. CYC8은 효모에서 프리온 단백질로 작용하기 때문에 과량 발현되면 정상적인 CYC8 단백질의 잘못된 접힘을 유발하게 되고, 결과적으로 우성의 $cyc8^-$ 표현형이 나타나게 된다. 따라서 CYC8이 다사본 억제자로 작용하는 이유는 이러한 프리온의 특성 때문으로 추측된다. CYC8이 다사본이거나 cyc8${\Delta}$ 돌연변이일 경우 모두 RNR 유전자의 전사가 증가되는 것을 관찰하였다. 따라서 CYC8에 의한 rad53${\Delta}$ 돌연변이의 억제는 RNR 증가에 따른 세포 내 dNTP 증가 때문으로 생각된다.

Oral Administration of β-Glucan and Lactobacillus plantarum Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis-Like Symptoms

  • Kim, In Sung;Lee, Seung Ho;Kwon, Young Min;Adhikari, Bishnu;Kim, Jeong A;Yu, Da Yoon;Kim, Gwang Il;Lim, Jong Min;Kim, Sung Hak;Lee, Sang Suk;Moon, Yang Soo;Choi, In Soon;Cho, Kwang Keun
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • 제29권11호
    • /
    • pp.1693-1706
    • /
    • 2019
  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of mainly infants and children. Currently, the development of safe and effective treatments for AD is urgently required. The present study was conducted to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of yeast-extracted β-1,3/1,6-glucan and/or Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) LM1004 against AD-like symptoms. To purpose, β-1,3/1,6-glucan and/or L. plantarum LM1004 were orally administered to AD-induced animal models of rat (histamine-induced vasodilation) and mouse (pruritus and contact dermatitis) exhibiting different symptoms of AD. We then investigated the treatment effects on AD-like symptoms, gene expression of immune-related factors, and gut microbiomes. Oral administration of β-1,3/1,6-glucan (0.01 g/kg initial body weight) and/or 2 × 1012 cells/g L. plantarum LM1004 (0.01 g/kg initial body weight) to AD-induced animal models showed significantly reduced vasodilation in the rat model, and pruritus, edema, and serum histamine in the mouse models (p < 0.05). Interestingly, β-1,3/1,6-glucan and/or L. plantarum LM1004 significantly decreased the mRNA levels of Th2 and Th17 cell transcription factors, while the transcription factors of Th1 and Treg cells, galactin-9, filaggrin increased, which are indicative of enhanced immunomodulation (p < 0.05). Moreover, in rats with no AD induction, the same treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of phylum Bacteroidetes and the genus Bacteroides. Furthermore, bacterial taxa associated with butyrate production such as, Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae at family, and Roseburia at genus level were increased in the treated groups. These findings suggest that the dietary supplementation of β-1,3/1,6-glucan and/or L. plantarum LM1004 has a great potential for treatment of AD as well as obesity in humans through mechanisms that might involve modulation of host immune systems and gut microbiota.

Systematic Target Screening Revealed That Tif302 Could Be an Off-Target of the Antifungal Terbinafine in Fission Yeast

  • Lee, Sol;Nam, Miyoung;Lee, Ah-Reum;Lee, Jaewoong;Woo, Jihye;Kang, Nam Sook;Balupuri, Anand;Lee, Minho;Kim, Seon-Young;Ro, Hyunju;Choi, Youn-Woong;Kim, Dong-Uk;Hoe, Kwang-Lae
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
    • /
    • 제29권2호
    • /
    • pp.234-247
    • /
    • 2021
  • We used a heterozygous gene deletion library of fission yeasts comprising all essential and non-essential genes for a microarray screening of target genes of the antifungal terbinafine, which inhibits ergosterol synthesis via the Erg1 enzyme. We identified 14 heterozygous strains corresponding to 10 non-essential [7 ribosomal-protein (RP) coding genes, spt7, spt20, and elp2] and 4 essential genes (tif302, rpl2501, rpl31, and erg1). Expectedly, their erg1 mRNA and protein levels had decreased compared to the control strain SP286. When we studied the action mechanism of the non-essential target genes using cognate haploid deletion strains, knockout of SAGA-subunit genes caused a down-regulation in erg1 transcription compared to the control strain ED668. However, knockout of RP genes conferred no susceptibility to ergosterol-targeting antifungals. Surprisingly, the RP genes participated in the erg1 transcription as components of repressor complexes as observed in a comparison analysis of the experimental ratio of erg1 mRNA. To understand the action mechanism of the interaction between the drug and the novel essential target genes, we performed isobologram assays with terbinafine and econazole (or cycloheximide). Terbinafine susceptibility of the tif302 heterozygous strain was attributed to both decreased erg1 mRNA levels and inhibition of translation. Moreover, Tif302 was required for efficacy of both terbinafine and cycloheximide. Based on a molecular modeling analysis, terbinafine could directly bind to Tif302 in yeasts, suggesting Tif302 as a potential off-target of terbinafine. In conclusion, this genome-wide screening system can be harnessed for the identification and characterization of target genes under any condition of interest.

조기 난소 부전증 유발 관련 단백질인 FOXL2의 새로운 결합 단백질 UBE2I의 발견 (Discovery of UBE2I as a Novel Binding Protein of a Premature Ovarian Failure-Related Protein, FOXL2)

  • 박미라;정현숙;김현리;;하혜정;이강석;배지현;고정재
    • 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
    • /
    • 제12권3호
    • /
    • pp.289-296
    • /
    • 2008
  • BPES($\underline{B}$lepharophimosis/$\underline{P}$tosis/$\underline{E}$picanthus inversus $\underline{S}$yndrome)는 FOXL2 유전자의 돌연변이에 의해 유발되는 상염색체 우성질환이다. 눈꺼풀이 갈라지거나 쳐지고 넓은 미간이 나타나는 특징이 있으며, 여성의 조기 난소 부전증(premature ovarian failure, POF)을 일으켜 불임을 유발한다. FOXL2는 forkhead family에 속하는 전사인자로서 FOXL2가 결여된 난소에서는 granulosa cell의 분화가 진행되지 않아 난포 성숙과정의 멈춤과 난자의 폐쇄증을 유발한다. FOXL2를 bait로 하여 rat의 난소 cDNA 라이브러리의 yeast two-hybrid screening을 시행하여 FOXL2 단백질과 상호작용을 하는 small ubiquitin-related modifier(SUMO)-conjugating E2 효소인 UBE2I 단백질을 찾았다. UBC9이라고도 알려진 UBE2I 단백질은 SUMO 변형 과정을 위한 필수적인 단백질이다. Sumoylation은 수 많은 전사인자의 전사능력의 조절을 포함하여 다양한 신호전달체계에 관여하는 번역 후 변형 과정이다. 본 연구에서 인간세포인 293T 내에서 면역침전반응 실험을 통해 FOXL2와 UBE2I의 단백질-단백질간의 상호작용을 확인하고, FOXL2의 돌연변이형을 제작하여 yeast two-hybrid system을 이용해 UBE2I와 결합에 필요한 FOXL2의 부분을 규명하였다. 따라서, FOX2에 상호작용하는 UBE2I의 규명은 sumoylation에 의한 FOXL2의 새로운 조절 메커니즘을 시사한다.

  • PDF

누에 배양세포(Bm5)로부터 분리한 새로운 전사제어인자 ATFC의 특성분석 (Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Transcription Factor ATFC Activated by ER Stress from Bombyx mori Bm5 Cell Lines)

  • 구태원;윤은영;김성완;최광호;황재삼;박수정;권오유;강석우
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제13권5호
    • /
    • pp.596-603
    • /
    • 2003
  • 누에배양세포주(Bm5)에 N-glycosylation 저해제인 tunicamycin를 처리하여 인위적으로 UPR를 유도하고 이로부터 cDNA 유전자은행을 제작한 후, 정상세포주에 비하여 발현량이 증가하는 40개의 차별화 발현 cDNA 클론을 선발하였다. 차별화발현 클론 중에서 기존에 밝혀진 전사제어인자와 1차 아미노산의 구조적 유사성을 나타내는 클론(ATFC)에 대하여 유전자의 구조와 발현특성을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 유전자의 구조분석 결과, ATFC는 효모의 전사제어인자 Hac1p와 구조적으로 매우 유사하게 $\alpha$-helix 상의 7개 아미노산 잔기 마다 leucine이 7회 반복하여 출현하는 leucine zipper 모티프가 존재하고 있었으며, leucine zipper 바로 앞쪽에는 분자 샤페론이나 folding enzyme의 프로모터 부위에 존재하는 UPRE에 결합할 것으로 추정되는 염기성 아미노산이 풍부한 basic region이 존재하고 있었다. 또한, ATFC 유전자에 대하여 분자샤페론 및 folding enzyme의 전사 촉진 기능을 해석하기 위하여 누에 배양세포주(Bm5)에 각종 스트레스 유도제를 처리한 후 ATFC의 발현특성을 분석한 결과, 정상 세포주에서는 발현이 되지 않았으나 스트레스 유도제가 처리된 세포주에서는 ATFC의 전사체가 강하게 발현됨을 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 ATFC 유전자는 소포체 내의 정확하게 접혀지지 않았거나 조립되지 못한 단백질을 정확하게 접혀지게 하고 조립되게 하여 정상구조를 가지는 단백질로 재생하는 분자샤페론이나 folding enzyme의 전사를 촉진시키는 효모 Hac1p와 매우 유사한 기능을 수행할 것으로 추정할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는, 효모를 제외한 모든 생물종에서 UPR pathway에 관련한 전사제어인자의 최초의 보고이다. 억제로 야기되는 것 같다.증진시키기 위해 행동변화단계에 따른 맞춤형 교육 프로그램을 개발하여 적용하였고, 그 결과, 행동변화단계별 교육 프로그램이 자궁경부암 조기검진의 수검 행동을 증진시키는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.lomus thermophilum, Thermotoga neapolitana 등에서 밝혀진 바와 같이 glutamic acid 부위가 xylanase의 활성부위라 여겨진다.倍), 수층(水層)이 약(約) 100배(100倍)로 나타나 홍삼(紅蔘)엑기스의 갈변색소형성(褐變色素形成)은 비효소적(非酵素的) 갈변반응(褐變反應)인 amino-carbonyl 반응(反應)이 주도적(主導的) 역할(役割)을 하고 있음을 알 수 있다. (6) 총당(總糖)과 갈변반응속도(褐變反應速度)는 유의성(有意性)이 있었으며 $100^{\circ}C$의 경우 20시간(20時間)에 가장 색도(色度)가 높아 갈변반응속도(褐變反應速度)가 0.2로 나타났다. the esophageal mucous cells pf Bryzoichthys lysimus contained small amount of neutral mucin, while on the other hand a feww mucous cells contained small amount of neutral mucin and minimal amount of sialomucin. But the esophageal mucous cells of Takifugu pardalis contained considerable amount of neutral mucin only.분해가 더욱 촉진되었으며, 30℃에서 교반 처리를 행한 경우가 10℃에서 교반 처리를 행한 경우 보다 지방분해가 더욱 촉진되었다. 산양유 원유는 30℃에서 교반 처리 시간이 연장되어도 지방분해는 뚜렷한 증가를 나타내지 않았다.와

Transcriptional Regulation of the Gene Encoding ${\gamma}$-Glutamylcysteine Synthetase from the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe

  • Kim, Su-Jung;Kim, Hong-Gyum;Kim, Byung-Chul;Kim, Kyunghoon;Park, Eun-Hee;Lim, Chang-Jin
    • Journal of Microbiology
    • /
    • 제42권3호
    • /
    • pp.233-238
    • /
    • 2004
  • Transcriptional regulation of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe y-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS) gene was examined using the two GCS-lacZ fusion plasmids pUGCS101 and pUGCS102, which harbor 607 bp and 447 bp upstream regions, respectively. The negatively-acting sequence was located in the -607 - -447 bp upstream region of the GCS gene. The upstream sequence responsible for induction by menadione(MD) and L-buthionine-(S, R)-sulfoximine (BSO) resides in the -607 - -447 bp region, whereas the sequence which codes for nitric oxide induction is located within the -447 bp region, measured from the translational initiation point. Carbon source-dependent regulation of the GCS gene appeared to be dependent on the nucleotide sequence within -447 bp region. The transcription factor Papl is involved in the induction of the GCS gene by MD and BSO, but not by nitric oxide. Induction of the GCS gene occurring due to low glucose concentration does not depend on the presence of Pap1. These data imply that induction by MD and BSO may be mediated by the Pap1 binding site, probably located in the -607 - -447 region, and also that the nitric oxide-mediated regulation of the S. pombe GCS gene may share a similar mechanism with its carbon-dependent induction.

분열형 효모에서 유전자 결실에 의해 알킬화제와 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE에 저항성을 나타내는 새로운 유전자의 특성 분석 (Characterization of a New Gene Resistant to Alkylating Agents and 3-Aminobenzamide When Knocked Out in Fission Yeast)

  • 박종군;차재영;황성진;박세근;김미영;백성민;최인순;이정섭
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제12권2호
    • /
    • pp.219-225
    • /
    • 2002
  • 진핵세포의 염색체는 전사, 복제, 회복 등의 과정에서 관여하는 단백질의 기능으로 구조가 변하게 된다. 이때 관여하는 단백질은 DNA-단백질의 상호작용에 의해서 이루어지게 되는데, 이때 단백질의 일부분은 일정한 상동성이 존재하게 된다. 이러한 부분은 motif나 domain으로 구성되는데, 예를 들면, SAP domain등을 들 수 있다. S. pombe genomic DNA 데이터베이스를 검색하여 Arabidopsis PARP 과 KU70과 상동성을 보이는 새로운 유전자를 찾았다. 이를 SAPuvs (SAP UV Sensitive)라 명명하였으며, Ura4를 선별표지로 이용하여 S. pombe SAPuvs 유전자 결실세포를 구성하였다. SAPuvs 유전자 결실세포는 자외선 조사 실험에서 정상의 세포에 비해 현저하게 죽었다. 그러나, MMS 또는 MMS와 3AB의 처리 실험에서는 저항성을 보였다. 이러한 결과로 SAPuvs는 DNA 상해회복에서 염색사구조 형성에 연관되어 있음을 확인하였다.

NSM00158 Specifically Disrupts the CtBP2-p300 Interaction to Reverse CtBP2-Mediated Transrepression and Prevent the Occurrence of Nonunion

  • Chen, Xun;Zhang, Wentao;Zhang, Qian;Song, Tao;Yu, Zirui;Li, Zhong;Duan, Ning;Dang, Xiaoqian
    • Molecules and Cells
    • /
    • 제43권6호
    • /
    • pp.517-529
    • /
    • 2020
  • Carboxyl-terminal binding proteins (CtBPs) are transcription regulators that control gene expression in multiple cellular processes. Our recent findings indicated that overexpression of CtBP2 caused the repression of multiple bone development and differentiation genes, resulting in atrophic nonunion. Therefore, disrupting the CtBP2-associated transcriptional complex with small molecules may be an effective strategy to prevent nonunion. In the present study, we developed an in vitro screening system in yeast cells to identify small molecules capable of disrupting the CtBP2-p300 interaction. Herein, we focus our studies on revealing the in vitro and in vivo effects of a small molecule NSM00158, which showed the strongest inhibition of the CtBP2-p300 interaction in vitro. Our results indicated that NSM00158 could specifically disrupt CtBP2 function and cause the disassociation of the CtBP2-p300-Runx2 complex. The impairment of this complex led to failed binding of Runx2 to its downstream targets, causing their upregulation. Using a mouse fracture model, we evaluated the in vivo effect of NSM00158 on preventing nonunion. Consistent with the in vitro results, the NSM00158 treatment resulted in the upregulation of Runx2 downstream targets. Importantly, we found that the administration of NSM00158 could prevent the occurrence of nonunion. Our results suggest that NSM00158 represents a new potential compound to prevent the occurrence of nonunion by disrupting CtBP2 function and impairing the assembly of the CtBP2-p300-Runx2 transcriptional complex.

Green Fluorescent Protein-reporter Mammalian One-hybrid System for Identifying Novel Transcriptional Modulators for Human $p14^{ARF}$ Tumor Suppressor Gene

  • Lee, Hye Jin;Yang, Dong Hwa;Yim, Tae Hee;Rhee, Byung Kirl;Kim, Jung-Wook;Lee, Jungwoon;Gim, Jin Bae;Kim, JungHo
    • Animal cells and systems
    • /
    • 제6권4호
    • /
    • pp.317-322
    • /
    • 2002
  • To improve conventional yeast one-hybrid screening, we have developed an efficient mammalian one-hybrid system that allows rapid isolation of com-plementary DNAs which are able to induce human p14$^{ARF}$. tumor suppressor gene. A 1.5 kb promoter region of p14$^{ARF}$ was fused to EGFP to generate ARF promoter-EGFP reporter vector. This reporter plasmid was stably trans-fected into NIH3T3 cells for generation of reporter cell line. When the reporter cell line was infected with E2F-1 together with excess amounts of empty vector, the cells that received the positive modulator were readily identifiable by green fluorescence using FACS. The GFP-positive cells were cloned directly from the cultured cells and expanded in bulk culture. The genomic DNAs from GFP-positive cells were prepared and the CDNA insert in integrated retroviral genome was recovered by PCR using primers annealing to the retroviral vector sequences flanking the insert-cloning site. This system should be useful for efficient screening of expression CDNA libraries in mammalian cells to identify novel upstream regulators for spe-cific genes by one-hybrid interaction.ion.

The Schizosaccharomyces pombe Gene Encoding ${gamma}-Glutamyl$ Transpeptidase I Is Regulated by Non-fermentable Carbon Sources and Nitrogen Starvation

  • Kim, Hong-Gyun;Park, Hey-Jung;Kang, Hyun-Jung;Lim, Hye-Won;Kim, Kyung-Hoon;Park, Eun-Hee;Ahn, Ki-Sup;Lim, Chang-Jin
    • Journal of Microbiology
    • /
    • 제43권1호
    • /
    • pp.44-48
    • /
    • 2005
  • In our previous study, the first structural gene (GGTI) encoding ${\gamma}-glutamyl$ transpeptidase was cloned and characterized from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and its transcription, using the GGTI-lacZ fusion gene, containing the 1,085 bp upstream region from the translational initiation point, was found to be enhanced by sodium nitroprusside and L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO). In the present work, regulation of the GGTI gene was further elucidated. Non-fermentable carbon sources, such as acetate and ethanol, markedly enhanced the synthesis of ${beta}-galactosidase$ from the GGTI-lacZ fusion gene. However, its induction by non-fermentable carbon sources appeared to be independent of the presence of the Pap1 protein. Nitrogen starvation also gave rise to induction of GGTI gene expression in a Pap1-independent manner. The three additional fusion plasmids, carrying 754, 421 and 156 bp regions, were constructed. The sequence responsible for the induction by non-fermentable carbon sources and nitrogen starvation was identified to exist within a -421 bp region of the GGTI gene. Taken together, the S. pombe GGTI gene is regulated by non-fermentable carbon sources and nitrogen starvation.