• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.3156-3161
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• 2007

In the field of yarn dyeing, the most generally employed method is a type of package dyeing which uses a package of cheeses stacked on a spindle made of a perforated tube. In order to understand the process of level dyeing, it is essential to perform a study of the porous flow through the spindle for the cheese dyeing method. In this paper, the axisymmetric, incompressible, Navier-Stokes equations are solved for several spindle configurations using a fully implicit finite volume scheme. For investigating the flow patterns through the spindle, porous diameter and porosity is varied in the present study. The computational results show that the total pressure loss depends only on the velocity of inflow regardless of porous diameter and porosity and a large percentage of the mass flow rate through the spindle is discharged at the upside of the spindle. Therefore, it is required to design a new spindle to obtain the level dyeing.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2014

This paper examined dyeing using sulfur dye with nylon and the characteristics of high gauge knitting for generating high functionality including light weight, wind resistance and elasticity using fine nylon threads. Yarn tension, stitch field and knitting speed of high and fine gauge knitting were measured. The influence of reducing agents on sulfur dye, optimum dyeing conditions and fastness features in nylon dyeing were analyzed. The analysis results are presented below. When nylon (Hyoseong, 40d/34f) and spandex (Hyoseong, 20d) for use as hosiery yarn were used to knit high gauge and flat weave, 44 gauge, the effective knitting conditions were a stitch field over 8.2cm in 1 course length, yarn tension of less than 5g and knitting speed below 18rpm. Nylon dyeing using sulfur dye showed effective results when a rongalite reducing agent was used at more than 10% o.w.f. and dyeing was maintained at $98^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. For dyeing nylon and spandex composite using sulfur dye, color fastness in washing, water, daylight and friction were higher than Class 4 or 5, which indicated a superior property. The analysis results verified that the existing problems in nylon dyeing could be solved by using sulfur dyes that don't use heavy metals due to superior fastness and therefore quality, high gauge nylon knit products could be produced.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1024-1031
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• 2012

The thermal bonding PET fabrics were produced through high temperature steaming (HTS) of low melting PET yarn as warp and composite fancy yarn containing low melting PET yarn as weft. The low melting PET yarn of sheath-core structure consisted of a regular PET in core portion and low melting PET in sheath portion. The composite fancy yarn consisted of regular PET yarn as inner part and effect part and low melting PET yarn as binding part. This study was carried out to investigate the melting behavior of thermal bonded PET fabric, the effect of HTS on the thermal bonding, mechanical properties, and dyeing properties. The melting peak of low melting PET yarn showed two melting peaks caused by sheath-core structure. Almost the entire thermal bonding of the fancy PET fabrics containing low melting PET yarn has formed at $200^{\circ}C{\times}3min$ of HTS. The tensile strength in warp and weft direction of the fancy PET fabrics slightly decreased as temperature of HTS increased. The total K/S value of the fancy PET fabrics decreased slightly to $180^{\circ}C{\times}3min$ of HTS, while increased slightly above $200^{\circ}C{\times}3min$ of HTS. The changes in the hue angle ($H^{\circ}$) of the thermal bonded fancy PET fabrics dyed with disperse dyes hardly ever happened.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.224-233
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• 2022

Recently, consumer tastes of various classes at home and abroad prefer comfortable, unadorned, and simple clothing, and the athleisure trend, which can be used freely in daily life as well as exercise, has expanded to overall clothing products. Existing materials used for athleisure are composite knitted fabrics using polyester yarn and PU yarn, which has problems due to a chronic lack of color fastness and contamination by dyes even when PU laminating is applied, making it difficult to apply various colors. There is a quality problem in which deformation of the product occurs due to lack of durability. In this study, CDP yarn(75de/72f) and PU yarn(40de) were selected to commercialize the circular knitting for athleisure using CDP yarn in order to solve the problems that occur in the dyeing and laminating process when using polyester materials. CDP yarns were used to knit into single(CP75-S) and double(CP75-D) knit and single knit were found to be suitable as athleisure fabrics. After pretreatment and treatment under various conditions, the stainability of CDP circular knitting was examined. After pretreatment and dyeing process under various conditions, the property of scouring and dyeability of CP75-S were evaluated.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.17-23
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• 2007

As polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) filament yarn is commercially used in many fields due to its high strength and modulus properties. This research was carried out to study the dyeing behavior of PVA and to find out appropriate dye for better dyeing. As the dyeing behavior of PVA fiber is similar to cellulose due to the same functional group, reactive and vat dyes were selected for the dyeing. Color strength of PVA fibers treated with vat dyes was found to be better than those with reactive dyes, because of the low fixation of reactive dye on fibers. Most of the reactive dye may became hydrolyzed, and flushed away with water in washing. Colorfastness to laundering was shown to be very high for both of the reactive-dyed and vat-dyed PVA fibers.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2012

Jacquard floor covering could be prepared from low-melting/regular sheath-core hybrid polyester, where the fiber is dyed in yarn state. With regard that the expected high shrinkage of the hybrid polyester in water makes problems in yarn dyeing, low-temperature dyeing properties of the hybrid polyester were studied. The rate of shrinkage of low-melting hybrid polyester exceeds 9% in hot water above $90^{\circ}C$, at such condition, cheese yarn dyeing is very difficult. Although disperse dyes exhaust in a relatively high speed on low-melting hybrid polyester, diffusion of these dyes to the core regular polyester was extremely slow under $90^{\circ}C$. Foron Blue E-BL 150, an anthraquinone E-type disperse dye, showed appreciable diffusion after 48hrs dyeing at $90^{\circ}C$. The fastness to rubbing and drycleaning were improved by one grade after reduction cleaning.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.77-91
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• 2016

Recently, the spun blend yarns with staple fibers and filaments are being developed in the spinning process using an air blowing and electrostatic spinning technology(cyclone) in order to enhance the soft feeling and the fine count spun blend yarn manufacturing competitiveness. In this study, the appropriate separation condition of polyester multifilament was examined according to the treatment condition of conductive agents and voltage on polyester multifilament in the newly developed cyclone spinning process. And it was investigated the physical properties and dyeability of the cyclone wool/polyester spun blend yarns and its wool composite fabrics in comparison with existing sirofil wool/polyester spun blend yarn and its fabrics. As the result, it is determined that the newly developed cyclone wool/polyester spun blend yarn applied fabrics has a superior quality level in terms of practicality.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2014

This paper investigates the physical properties such as water absorption, drying and hygral expansion of moisture responded transformable fibers and their knitted fabrics including dyeing characteristics according to the different dyeing time and temperature. For this purpose, three kinds of covered filament yarn specimens using HEF and spandex as core and PET, aerocool as a covering filament were prepared. The knitted fabric specimens were made using three kinds yarn specimens and dyed with different dyeing temperature and time. The moisture absorption, drying and hygral expansion of three kinds of knitted fabric specimens were measured and discussed with yarn structure. The wearing performance of these knitted fabric specimens were also measured and discussed with yarn characteristics using FAST system. Finally, the dyeing characteristics such as dye affinity, color difference and color fastness to washing of these knitted fabric specimens were measured and discussed with different dyeing temperature and time for examining dyeing process performance of these moisture responded transformable knitted fabrics.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2010.03a
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• pp.167-168
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• 2010

Non coating type Low melting yarn(L/M PET) not to use the polyurethane resin causing some problems was knitting and evaluated its dyeing characteristics, heat setting properties and flame-retardant properties without flame retardant agent or flame retardant fabric. In order to investigate the dyeing property of fabric of L/M PET, the dyeing of L/M PET was experimented at each different dyeing temperature. Higher exhaustion yield was achieved at lower temperature of L/M PET compared to regular PET. According to result of the study for the heat setting properties of L/M fiber, the K/S value of dyed L/M fiber increased as much as the heat setting temperature did. The experiment for the light fastness reached similar result to dyed PET. However washing fastness in L/M fiber showed lower grade compared with regular PET. flame-retardant efficiency of L/M PET without flame retardant agent or flame retardant fabric measured by $45^{\circ}$ burn test and Contact burn test. The flame?retardant performance of the sample was carried out according to the Korea Fire-fighting Standard.[KOFEIS 1001].

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.149-163
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• 2011

Hanjisa(Korean paper yarn), a new material made from the traditional Korean paper, has been developed through local R&D efforts, reflecting the current trend highly valuing environmental friendly. This new material is considered suitable for the 21C lifestyle and culture pursuing improved quality of human life and the environment. Therefore, this study aims to widely make known the originality and functions of the environmentally friendly Korean paper yarn, as well as to increase its commercial value. Furthermore, a new category of apparel design is presented by studying painting dyeing based on transformational tuck techniques and wax resist dyeing with formative features of repeated lines and rhythms of shells in order to implement three-dimensional and decorative artistic expressions. The texture of the Korean cotton paper yarn was particularly suitable to employ tuck and dyeing techniques Which express formative features of shell. Also, the material was useful for expressing the three-dimensional feelings with repeated curves and cross sections of shells. Moreover, paraffin resist dyeing and stitch techniques were used in order to avoid monotony and the images of shells visually materialized. Through the results stated above, this study could explore how to overcome obstacles to globalization of the Korean modern apparel such as its uniqueness, limit of materials or absense of internationality by applying modern design to the Korean paper fabrics. In the future, it is expected that more manufactures could produce and supply the new materials so as to make widely known the originality of the Korean paper fabrics and develop the material into a popular organic product fitting the modern lifestyle.