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Assessment of the Organic and Nitrogen Fractions in the Sewage of the Different Sewer Network Types by Respirometric Method (미생물 호흡률 측정에 의한 관거시스템 유형별 하수의 기질 분율 평가)

  • Park, Jong-Bu;Hur, Hyung-Woo;Kang, Ho;Chang, Sung-Oun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.31 no.8
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    • pp.649-654
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    • 2009
  • Respirometric analysis of domestic sewage by measuring oxygen uptake rate(OUR) was carried out for the experimental assessment of the organic and biomass fractions. The data of the organic and biomass fractions in sewage is essential for the activated sludge model to optimize the biological treatment plant. As a result of this study, the fractions of readily biodegradable substrate($S_S$), slowly biodegradable substrate($X_S$), inert soluble substrate($S_I$), inert particular substrate($X_I$) and heterotrophic biomass($X_{HAB}$) were about 26.6%, 41.5%, 8.5%, 14.7% and 8.7% on the basis of chemical oxygen demand($COD_{Cr}$), respectively. And the fractions of nitrogen were also studied. The fractions of soluble nitrate nitrogen($S_{NO}$), soluble ammonia nitrogen($S_{NH}$), soluble nonbiodegradable organic nitrogen($S_{NI}$), soluble biodegradable organic nitrogen($S_{ND}$) and slowly biodegradable organic nitrogen($X_{ND}$) were about 3.7%, 64.9%, 4.7%, 9.4% and 17.4%, respectively.

QUADRATIC ρ-FUNCTIONAL INEQUALITIES IN NON-ARCHIMEDEAN NORMED SPACES

  • Cui, Yinhua;Hyun, Yuntak;Yun, Sungsik
    • The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.109-127
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, we solve the following quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ inequalities ${\parallel}f({\frac{x+y+z}{2}})+f({\frac{x-y-z}{2}})+f({\frac{y-x-z}{2}})+f({\frac{z-x-y}{2}})-f(x)-f(y)f(z){\parallel}$ (0.1) ${\leq}{\parallel}{\rho}(f(x+y+z)+f(x-y-z)+f(y-x-z)+f(z-x-y)-4f(x)-4f(y)-4f(z)){\parallel}$, where ${\rho}$ is a fixed non-Archimedean number with ${\mid}{\rho}{\mid}$ < ${\frac{1}{{\mid}4{\mid}}}$, and ${\parallel}f(x+y+z)+f(x-y-z)+f(y-x-z)+f(z-x-y)-4f(x)-4f(y)-4f(z){\parallel}$ (0.2) ${\leq}{\parallel}{\rho}(f({\frac{x+y+z}{2}})+f({\frac{x-y-z}{2}})+f({\frac{y-x-z}{2}})+f({\frac{z-x-y}{2}})-f(x)-f(y)f(z)){\parallel}$, where ${\rho}$ is a fixed non-Archimedean number with ${\mid}{\rho}{\mid}$ < ${\mid}8{\mid}$. Using the direct method, we prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of the quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ inequalities (0.1) and (0.2) in non-Archimedean Banach spaces and prove the Hyers-Ulam stability of quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ equations associated with the quadratic ${\rho}-functional$ inequalities (0.1) and (0.2) in non-Archimedean Banach spaces.

Case Study of Building Dynamic Homepage Using ActiveX Control Pad (ActiveX 컨트롤 패드를 이용한 동적홈페이지의 설계와 구현 사례)

  • 우원택
    • Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.108-118
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study is to understand what is ActiveX control and how to utilize it in developing dynamic web pages. For this purpose, some literature survey and experimental practices with PC were done to understand the differences among web programming technologies such as visual basic, java, XML web services. In order to scrutinize the functions of ActiveX controls and the comparison of their technology with currently introduced XML web service, a study on the history of Internet programming with a focused view on ActiveX control was also performed. With the knowledge of the fore mentioned, Actual design and building experiments of web pages using ActiveX control pad were implemented. The results show that Microsoft ActiveX controls, formerly known as OLE controls or OCX controls, developed to compete with java applet in internet battle fields, turn out to be useful in software reusability, cost-saving and time-saving etc. However, the use of ActiveX controls has been confined in window platform, Overall, this study was useful for understanding the usage of ActiveX controls in web pages.

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The Multiferroic Properties Study of YMn2-xFexO5 (x=0.00, 0.01) by Neutron Diffraction (고 분해능 중성자 회절 실험에 의한 YMn2-xFexO5 (x = 0.00, 0.01)의 다강체 특성 연구)

  • Kim, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Chul-Sung
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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    • v.17 no.5
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    • pp.183-187
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    • 2007
  • Compounds of multiferroic materials $YMn_{2-x}Fe_xO_5$ (x = 0.00, 0.01) were prepared using the sol-gel method. The crystallographic, magnetic and electric properties are studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), neutron diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and physical property measurement system (PPMS). The crystalline structure of $YMn_2O_5$ was found to be orthorhombic (Pbam) at room temperature. The lattice constants of $YMn_2O_5$ were determined to be $a_0=7.275\;{\AA},\;b_0=8.487\;{\AA},\;c_0=5.674\;{\AA}$. The lattice constants not changed with Fe concentrations. Our data demonstrate the correlation of magnetic and electric properties in $YMn_2O_5$ materials.

An x-dB Bandwidth Measurement Method for Terrestrial Digital Broadcasting Signals in the Field Environments (필드 환경에 적합한 지상파 디지털 방송 신호의 x-dB 대역폭 측정 방법)

  • Hwang, Tae-Wook;Kim, Young-Soo;Yang, Hoon-Gee;Yook, Jong-Gwan;Suh, Doug-Young;Kim, Jin-Sang
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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    • v.18 no.6 s.121
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    • pp.629-638
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    • 2007
  • The methods of bandwidth measurement in the field environments are notified in ITU-R spectrum monitoring(SM) documents. But, these methods for terrestrial DTV and T-DMB are not informed yet. The x-dB bandwidth is the most suitable method fer the bandwidth measurement of terrestrial digital broadcasting signals. So, we proposed the suitable x-dB value for x-dB bandwidth measurement of the digital broadcasting signal that is not notified in ITU-R SM documents. As a result, we derived the x dB value of -12 dB and -8 dB that can be used fer estimation of occupied bandwidth of DTV and T-DMB signals respectively by x dB bandwidth measurement in field environments.