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Statistical Analysis of Bioequivalence Study in 2x3 Cross-over Design

  • Lim, Nam-Kyoo
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.443-452
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    • 2001
  • The 2x3 cross-over design is proposed for the bioequivalence of two test drug formulations with a reference drug formulation. Oh et al.(1999) and Park et al.(1998) derived 3x2 cross-over design and discussed its benefits, since the 3x3 cross-over design may not be of practical design. We discuss the statistical issues for2x3 cross-over design and show its statistical properties. Bioequivalence problem in 2x3 cross-over design is considered statistically and an illustrated example is given.

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ON SPIN ALTERNATING GROUP ACTIONS ON SPIN 4-MANIFOLDS

  • Kiyono, Kazuhiko;Liu, Ximin
    • Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.1183-1197
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    • 2006
  • Let X be a smooth, closed, connected spin 4-manifold with $b_1(X)=0$ and signature ${\sigma}-(X)$. In this paper we use Seiberg-Witten theory to prove that if X admits a spin alternating $A_4$ action, then $b^+_2(X)$ ${\geq}$ |${\sigma}{(X)}$|/8+3 under some non-degeneracy conditions.

THE GENERALIZED HYERS-ULAM-RASSIAS STABILITY OF A CUBIC FUNCTIONAL EQUATION

  • Koh, Heejeong
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.165-174
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    • 2008
  • In this paper, we obtain the general solution, the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability, and the stability by using the alternative fixed point for a cubic functional equation $4f(x+my)+4f(x-my)+m^2f(2x)=8f(x)+4m^2f(x+y)+4m^2f(x-y)$ for a positive integer $m{\geq}2$.

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Optimal Dimension of PE Film Bag According to Fruit Size in MAP Storage of 'Fuyu' Persimmon Fruit ('부유' 단감 MAP 저장에서 과실 크기에 따른 PE 필름 봉지의 적정 규격)

  • Lee, Yong-Jae
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.733-739
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    • 2004
  • Model for optimally dimensioned PE film bag was developed according to fruit size to maintain best quality of 'Fuyu' persimmon in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) storage based on relationship between quality and oxygen and carbon dioxide in PE film bag. Harvested persimmons were graded into five sizes, and average weights were LL:261, L:217, M:188, S:168, and SS:154 g. Five fruit units of each grade were optimized in five PE film bag sizes of $150{\times}376,\;140{\times}357,\;130{\times}344,\;130{\times}333,\;and\;120{\times}3l8\;mm$. To minimize quality deterioration such as softening and discoloration, optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in PE film bag were 0.5-1.0 and 6.0-8.0%, respectively, and optimal thickness of PE film bag according to fruit size were LL:45, L:50, M:55, S:60, and $SS:65\;{\mu}m$. For all fruit sizes, model for PE film bag area $(mm^2)$ was good quadratic simple equation by fruit weight (g): $Y=-4055.707+627.993X_1-0.701{X_1}^2$. Model far optimal oxygen and carbon dioxide (Y) concentration in PE film bag was suited to linear multiple equation by fruit weight $(X_1,\;g)$ and PE film thickness $(X_2,\;{\mu}m)$. Equations for oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations (%) were $Y=5.798-0.0109X_l-0.0491X_2\;and\;Y=-2.427+0.01927X_l +0.09646X_2$, respectively.

Influences of Reeling Conditions on the Denier Control of Raw Silk for Automatic Silk Reeling with Fixed Size (정섬도자동조사에 있어서 경사조건이 생사섬도관리에 미치는 영향)

  • 이인전
    • Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.147-155
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    • 1974
  • The purpose of this study is to find out influence of reeling conditions on the denier control of raw silk for automatic silk reeling machine. The results obtained are as follows: 1. Effect of groping end part temperature (X$_1$) (1) Average size Y=0.02945X$_1$+18.27 (2) Size range Y=0.04224X$_1$+2.99 (3) Size deviation Y=0.01667X$_1$-0.13 (4) Maximum deviation of size Y=0.04657X$_1$-0.929 (5) Quality of raw silk Y=-0.07055X$_1$+10.082. Effect of silk reeling bath temperature (X$_2$) (1) Average size Y=0.0334X$_2$+19.08 (2) Size range Y=0.016X$_2$+5.24 (3) Size deviation Y=0.0014X$_2$+1.05 (4) Maximum deviation of size Y=0.0206X$_2$+1.59 3. Effect of silk reeling velocity(X$_3$) (1) Size range Y=0.01797X$_3$+3.95 (2) Size deviation Y=0.00327X$_3$+0.845 (3) Maximum deviation of size Y=0.00905X$_3$+1.50 (4) Quality of raw silk Y=-0.03232X$_3$+8.62

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Microstructure of the (Nd/Y)-Ba-Cu-O superconductors by floating zone melt growth process (부유대역용융성장법을 이용한 (Nd/Y)-Ba-Cu-O계 초전도체의 미세구조)

  • 김소정
    • Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.83-87
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    • 2003
  • $(Nd/Y)_{1.8}Ba_{}2.4Cu_{3.4}O_{7-x}$high $T_c$ superconductor was directionally grown by floating Bone melt growth process with a large temperature gradient in air. Cylindrical green rods of (Nd/Y)1.8 oxides were fabricated by cold isostatic pressing (CIP) method using rubber mold. Microstructures were observed by SEM and TEM and superconducting properties were measured by a SQUID magnetometer. Nonsuperconducting $(Nd/Y)_2BaCuO_5$ inclusions were uniformly distributed within the superconducting $(Nd/Y)Ba_2Cu_3O_x$ matrix. The directionally melt-textured (Nd/Y) 1.8 superconductor showed an onset Tc $\geq$ 90 K and a sharp superconducting transition.

Phase Equilibria for the Formation of Superconducting Phases in the Bi-Sr-Ca-O System (Bi-Sr-Ca-O계에서 초전도상의 형성에 관한 상평형)

  • Kim, Cheol-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.410-421
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    • 1993
  • Phase equilibria and reaction paths of the superconducting phases and other compatible phases at $850^{\circ}C$ in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system were studied. $Bi_2O_3$ was added to $Sr_2CaCu_2O_x$ by 5% up to 40 mole% Bi in the pseudo-binary $Bi_2O_3-(Sr_2CaCu_2O_x)$ system and the heat treated samples were analysed using XRD. SEM, EDS. and DT A. When Bi contents were greater than 35 mole% Bi, liquid phase was formed which was compatible with $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8$ phase. The m.p. of $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8$ phase decreased as the content of (Sr+Ca)decreased. $Bi_{2+x}Sr_2CaCu_2O_8$ phase first segregated out of liquid phase around $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_8$ phase during cooling of liquid phase.

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Measuring the Location of PC8 Acupuncture Point Using X-ray Radiography in Healthy Adults (X선 촬영을 통한 노궁(勞宮)의 혈위에 대한 고찰)

  • Koo, Sung-Tae;Kim, Sung-Chul;Kim, Yong-Suk;Kang, Sung-Keel;Choi, Sun-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.123-126
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    • 2010
  • Objective : There are controversial opinions on the location of PC8 (Nogung). The one is to localize the point between the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bone, the other is to localize the point between the 3rd and 4th metacarpal bone. The study was performed to provide an experimental evidence to standardize the location of PC8 point. Methods : We employed 30 healthy adults evenly in sex. To identify the location of PC8 in the hand, we took X-ray photograph in both hands of participants. Thin layer of leads were pasted on to PC7 and tip of middle finger prior to take X-ray photograph. The line connecting two points corresponding to the leads in X-ray film was read by a radiologist to decide that the line passes which side between the 2nd metacarpal space and the 3rd one. Results and Conclusions: The line passed the 3rd metacarpal space in 49 cases out of 60 hands (82 %). Data suggest that PC8 could be localized at the point between the 3rd and 4th metacarpal bone.

Biomass Production of Pinus densiflora forma erecta Uyeki by Planting Density and Its Allocation Chracteristics (식재밀도에 따른 강송의 Biomass 생산 및 배분 특성)

  • 이돈구;권기철;김영환
    • Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.6-10
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to examine biomass production and its allocation characteristics by the planting density for 12- year - old Pinus densiflora forma erecta Uyeki plantation located in Chilbo Experimental Forest of Seoul National University in Suwon, Kyonggj-do. Different sample trees were selected for harvest by the planting density as follows; six trees from 1.0m X 1.0m, five trees from 1.8m X 1.8m, four trees from 3.0m X 3.0m. Stem, previous year branches, current year branches, previous year needles and current year needles were weighed respectively with the stratified clipping method, and biomass production and its allocation characteristics were analyzed : (1) Total biomass of the above-ground was the highest at the planting density of 1.8m X l.8m and followed by 1.0m X l.0m. (2) The higher the planting density was, the lower the ratio of biomass in branches and needles. (3) As the planting density decreased, the moisture contents of stem and current year branches increased but those of needles and previous year branches decreased. (4) Maximum photosynthetic layer appeared in the upper portion of the tree at higher density plantation.

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