• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.249-254
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• 1997

ABA-type block copolymers composed of poly(L-leucine)(PLL) as the A component and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) as the B component were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of L-leucine N-carboxyanhydride initiated by primary amino group located at both ends of PEG chain. A silver sulfadiazine(AgSD)-impregnated wound dressing of sponge-type was prepared by the lyophilization method. Morphological structure of this wound dressing obtained by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was composed of a dense skin layer and a macroporous inner sponge layer. Equilibrium water content(EWC) of wound dressing was above 10%. It increased with an increased of PEO content in the block copolymer due to the hydrophilicity of PEO. AgSD release from AgSD- impregnated wound dressing in PBS buffer(pH=7.4) was dependent on PEG composition in the block copolymer. Therefore, EWC and release of AgSD can be control by PEG composition. Antibacterial capacity of AgSD-impregnated wound dressing was examined in agar plate against Pseudmonas aeruginosa and Stapplococus aruous. Cytotoxicity of the wound dressing was evaluated by studing mouse skin fibroblast(L929). From the behavior of antimicrobial releasing and the investigation of the suppression of bacterial proliferation, it was supposed that the wound dressing containing antibiotics could protect the wound surfaces from bacterial invasion to suppress the bacterial proliferation effectively. In cytotoxicity observation, cellular damage was reduced by the control led released of AgSD from the LEL sponge matrix of AgSD-medicated wound dressing. In vivo test, granulous tissue formation and wound contraction or the AgSD and DHEA impregnated wound dressing were aster than any other groups.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권2호
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• pp.220-225
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• 2010

This study was conducted to examine the effects of wound dressing with thiophanate-methyl paste on the compartmentalization of pruning wounds in Acer palmatum. A total of thirty field-grown trees were used for three different treatments, such as no dressing, dressing once right after pruning cut, and dressing twice, one more dressing treatment one year after initial dressing. Wound closure rate (WCR) and discolored/wound area ratio (D/W ratio) two years after treatment were measured. Variations of extractives, holocellulose and lignin at the treated branch unions were also examined. The WCR of no dressing treatment of 70.9% was significantly lower than those of the two dressing treatments (85.4% and 82.7%, respectively), while the difference between dressing once and twice was not significant. The D/W ratio of no dressing treatment (39.3%) was significantly higher than those of the two dressing treatments (around 30%). Generally, at the branch core of the treated union, contents of extractives and lignin were higher and holocellulose contents were lower than the branch core of the union with living branch. Among the branch core of treated union, no dressing treatment showed a relatively lower holocellulose (63.5%), and relatively higher extractives (2.8%) and lignin (26.6%) than dressing once (66.2%, 1.7%, 26.1%, respectively).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2007

Purpose: Wound healing is a result of complex processes whose components, such as cells, extracellular matrix, proteolytic enzymes, and their inhibitors receive effects from immune compartments, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Impairment of normal physiologic response to wounding makes nonhealing chronic wounds. Wound infection and exacerbated proteolytic process may induce uncontrolled tissue degradation or exudates formation, which may result in the development of a nonhealing chronic wound. Thus proper management of wound infection and exudates is critical to prevent and treat nonhealing wound. The aim of this study is to evaluate effects of Aquacel AG, silver-containing carboxymethylcellulose dressing on treatment for exudative infected wound. Methods: The study included 31 patients with nonhealing wound. Wound was dressed with Aquacel AG. The effect of dressing was investigated by serial bacterial culture and wound exudates assessment. Each infection and exudates control time was determined and statistically analyzed. Results: Wound infection and exudates were effectively managed using Aquacel AG dressing. Mean infection and exudates control time were $3.4{\pm}1.2$ and $5.7{\pm}1.4$ weeks, respectively. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that infection control time correlated positively to age and exudates control time (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is as yet no ideal dressing for the topical treatment of chronic nonhealing wound. But silver-containing carboxymethylcellulose dressing can be used effectively for exudative, infected nonhealing wound.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2005

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of Ulmus(root-bark) dressing with vaseline gauze dressing on burn wound(third degree) in rats. Method : Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the study. The rats were anesthetized with Ketamine l00mg/kg. burn wounds were made for each animal by specially designed apparatus. Ulmus dressing was applied once a day for 4 weeks in the experimental group(n=5), vaseline gauze dressing in the control group(n=5). The wounds were photographed and excised. Result : After 10 days of dressing, size of burn wounds of Ulmus dressing group decreased significantly compared to that of vaseline gauze dressing group. After 10 days of dressing, degree of inflammatory infiltration was shown lower in Ulmus dressing than in vaseline gauze group. There was no significant difference after dressing at day of 19 and 27 in degree of inflammatory infiltration.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2010

Purpose: Iodine has been used for the prevention or management of wound infection as a topical agent. Although iodine was widely used mainly by Betadine$^{(R)}$ and cadexomer iodine, there was no comparative study on the efficacies of dressing methods of iodine. And also it's wound healing effect was not yet clear. The purpose of this study is to compare antibacterial effects and wound healing effects associated with various dressing methods of iodine on infected full thickness skin defect in the mouse. Methods: One full thickness skin defects in the mice (n=60) were developed on the back and left open for twenty-four hours. Sixty mice were divided into four groups : group S (dressing with Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, n=15), group T (dressing with Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping, n=15), group I (dressing with Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, n=15), group G (control group, dressing with dry gauze, n=15). The size of the wound defects and the grades of wound healing were evaluated in 4, 7, 10 days, and antibacterial effect was evaluated with restricted zone in Mueller Hinton agar by disk diffusion method. Results: After the wound was left open for twenty-four hours, many Staphylococcus aureus were cultured. The wound defect size was decreased in order of Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping and gauze dressing group in all days, but difference among experimental groups was not statistically significant. The grade score of wound healing was increased in order of Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping and gauze dressing group, and the difference was statistically significant. Antibacterial effect for S. aureus was increased in order of Iodosorb$^{(R)}$, Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking, Betadine$^{(R)}$ topping and gauze dressing group, and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Selection of the effective dressing method of iodine for infected wounds remains a controversial decision. According to this study, Iodosorb$^{(R)}$ may be most effective method for antibacterial effect and Betadine$^{(R)}$ soaking may be most effective method for infected wound healing. However, further study is necessary to evaluate the clinical efficacy of dressing methods of iodine and to search for the mechanisms that explain their effects.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.359-368
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• 2011

Purpose: Aquacel Ag$^{(R)}$ is a hydrofiber wound dressing integrated with ionic silver. Sorbact$^{(R)}$ is a hydrophobiccoated dressing that uses the hydrophobic interaction with microbes. In this study, we compared the wound healing effects and the antibacterial effects of Medifoam$^{(R)}$, Betadine soaked, Aquacel Ag$^{(R)}$ and Sorbact$^{(R)}$ dressings against MRSA-infected wounds. Methods: Eighty rats were divided into four groups: Medifoam$^{(R)}$; Betadine soaked; Aquacel Ag$^{(R)}$; and Sorbact$^{(R)}$. A $1.5{\times}1.5cm$ square full-thickness wound was made on the dorsum of each rat and infected with MRSA. Twenty-four hours thereafter, each dressing was applied to the wound and changed every other day. One, 3, 7, 11 and 15 days after the wound infection, swab culture grade, wound bed appearance score, and wound defect size change were evaluated, and 7 and 15 days after, histologic evaluation was compared between the groups. Results: The bacteria load of wounds in the Sorbact$^{(R)}$ group decreased earlier than in the other groups. The wound bed appearance score of the Sorbact$^{(R)}$ group also increased quicker, compared with the other groups. However, the size of wounds of the Aquacel Ag$^{(R)}$ group decreased more rapidly, compared with other groups. From the histologic point of view, there was no significant difference between Betadine soaked, Aquacel Ag$^{(R)}$ and Sorbact groups. Conclusion: The hydrophobic dressing using Sorbact$^{(R)}$ showed a more rapid reduction in the MRSA load and an elevation in the wound bed appearance score, but a slower decrease in wound size change due to detachment of wound bed tissue when the dressing was eliminated in the low exudate wound. The silver-containing hydrofiber dressing using Aquacel Ag$^{(R)}$ was more effective in ultimate wound size reduction, but some debris was trapped in the wound tissue and induced foreign body reaction in the high exudate wound. Thus, ongoing selection process of treatment based on the evaluation of the infectious wound state will be very important.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2020

목적: 치주포대는 감염 위험을 줄이고 치유를 증대 시킨다는 연구들이 있다. 본 연구는 치주 수술 후 부착형 창상 피복재의 사용이 치유 및 수술 만족도에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 치주 수술이 필요한 환자 28명을 대상으로 상악 또는 하악의 양측 사분면에 치주 수술을 시행하였다. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)를 이용해 술 후 동통, 출혈, 식이 불편감, 지각 과민을 평가하고 추가적으로 작열감과 수술 만족도에 관해 평가하였다. 결과: 수술 후 동통, 출혈, 식이 불편감에 관한 VAS 평균 값은 창상 피복재 유무에 따라 각각; 동통: 2.82, 3.96 (P = 0.002), 출혈: 1.61, 2.54 (P = 0.008), 식이 불편감: 2.82, 4.18 (P < 0.001)로 창상 피복재를 적용한 그룹에서 불편감이 적었으며, 통계적으로 유의하였다. 작열감, 지각 과민과 창상 피복재 적용 유무 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 수술 만족도는 75%에서 창상 피복재를 사용한 경우 높았다. 결론: 본 연구의 결과에 따르면, 창상 피복재의 사용유무와 작열감, 지각 과민과의 통계적 유의성은 없었으나 창상 피복재를 사용한 경우 술 후 동통, 출혈, 식이 불편감이 적었다.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.351-355
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• 2018

Treatment towards wound healing, a complex and dynamic process, has been given a great deal of efforts in the last few decades. Focus has been imposed on developing wound dressings that meet the requirements for proper wound healing. In this study, hydrogel made from blends of poly (vinyl alcohol) and ${\beta}$-1,6-branched-${\beta}$-1,3-glucan (beta-glucan) were synthesized by modified solvent casting method for wound dressing application. Optimization of hydrogel composition and analysis of wound dressing parameters such as stability and fluid uptake capacity (in the presence of water, saline and different pH solutions) has been studied. The result indicated that the PVA/beta-glucan hydrogel hold its structural integrity even at alkaline pH (pH~9) and upholds fluids four times of its original weight. Thus, the developed hydrogel is expected to be a promising candidate as wound dressing.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.393-399
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• 2008

Purpose: Chronic infected wounds sustained over 4 weeks with exposed tendon or bone are difficult challenges to plastic surgeons. Vacuum assisted closure (VAC) device has been well used for the management of chronic wounds diminishing wound edema, reducing bacterial colonization, promoting formation of granulation tissue and local blood flow by negative pressure to wounds. But Commercial ready-made VAC device might have some difficulties to use because of its high expenses and heavy weight. So we modified traditional VAC device with silver dressing materials as topical therapeutic agents for control of superimposed bacterial wound infection such as MRSA, MRSE and peudomonas. Methods: We designed the modified VAC device using wall suction, 400 cc Hemovac and combined slow release silver dressing materials. We compared 5 consecutive patients' data treated by commercial ready-made VAC device(Group A) with 11 consecutive patients' data treated by modified VAC device combined with silver dressing materials(group B) from September 2004 to June 2007. Granulation tissue growth, wound discharge, wound culture and wound dressing expenses were compared between the two groups. Results: In comparison of results, no statistical differences were identified in reducing rate of wound size between group A and B. Wound discharge was significantly decreased in both groups. Modified VAC device with silver dressing materials showed advantages of convenience, cost effectiveness and bacterial reversion. Conclusion: In combination of modified VAC device and silver dressing materials, our results demonstrated the usefulness of managing chronic open wounds superimposed bacterial infection, cost effectiveness compared with traditional VAC device and improvement of patient mobility.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.632-636
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• 2006

Purpose: Methicillin-Resistant-Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) has been increasingly recognized as a cause of nosocomial infection. MRSA is hardly-controllable organism among the pathogen of nosocomial infection, because it is resistant to most antibiotics except vancomycin, and local treatment with most antiseptics are not effective to eradicate MRSA from the infection. The effectiveness of Vacuum-Assisted-Closure(VAC) was reported widely. we tried to modify original VAC. We tried VAC dressing on MRSA infected wound to evaluate whether or not the VAC is effective to eradicate MRSA which existed in the open wound. Methods: From September 2003 to December 2003, 24 patients admitted to the plastic and reconstructive surgery and orthopedic surgery, were studied. All patients were found to be positive in previous wound. Using clinical randomized study, 24 patients were divided into two groups: VAC dressing group and the $Betadine^{(R)}$ dressing group(control). During treatment, wound culture was done twice a week for evaluation of MRSA infection elimination. Results: The mean period that MRSA become not detected in all case was 17.1 days in VAC dressing group, and 25.8 days in control group, respectively. The p value was 0.013. The result reveals that the VAC dressing group is more effective to MRSA infection control. As a result, the VAC dressing was more effective in MRSA infected wound than conventional dressing. Conclusion: Through this study, we found objective result of VAC dressing. We hope that VAC dressing is more widely applied to fresh and infected wound.