• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.234-239
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• 2021

The purpose of this paper is to find out the nature of language variation by exploring the ways of the progress of the language variation that produces all English-lects, i.e., the World Englishes. The study of language variation in linguistics is a hybrid enterprise, so the study of World Englishes has led to the recognition of a highly diverse set of all English-lects, encompassing regional dialects, sociolects, ethnolects and (post-)colonial dialects of World Englishes. In this paper, we propose a hybrid language variation model with three interacting factors of social distancing, on/off-contact, and linguistic diversity to examine the characteristics of language variation. In the context of World Englishes, the social distance is typically low in terms of their local location (country/speech) for local purposes. The social distance also varies based on online/offline communication modes and other social factors like gender, age and ethnic groups, resulting in all English-lects. To clarify the nature of World Englishes, the core Englishes, BrE, AmE and CanE are discussed here.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.21-46
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• 2001

No one would deny that, despite the fact that they are the central factor in any given communication system, language signals have their limitations. For example, language cannot keep up with the radical changes that occur in the world and its ideas. The present meaning of a language signal is always pegged to the past when it was originally created. This limitation in turn puts limitations on the way we conceive of the world, and we have no choice but to watch the world through the refracted, darkly colored lens called language. Lee Sang′s was well aware of these limitations, and his works reflect his suspicion of language. This paper argues that Lee Sang′s "Ogamdo 1" is a poetic commentary on the ambiguity of language signals; that "Ogamdo 2" is an accusation of the stationary nature of language signals; ; and, finally, that "Sune-kwanhan-gakseo (Treatise on Lines) 7" is a poetic expression of Lee Sang′s negative view of the symbolic limitation of, and the fragmentary nature of, language signals.

• Language and Information
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.113-130
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• 2004

In a prevailing view of meaning and reference (cf. Frege 1892), words pick out entities in the physical world by virtue of meaning. Linguists and philosophers have argued whether the meaning of a word is inside or out-side language users' mind; but, in general, they have taken it for granted that words refer to entities in the physical world. Hilary Putnam (1975), based on his famous twin-earth thought experiment, argued that the meaning of a word could not be inside language users' head. In this paper, I point out that Putnam's argument makes sense only if words refer to entities in the physical world. That is, Putnam did not provide any argument against mentalistic semantics, since he erroneously assumed that meaning, but not reference, was inside our mind in mentalistic semantics. Mentalistic semanticist, however, assume that words pick out their references inside our head (instead of a possible outside world). A number of arguments for the mentalistic position come from psychology: studies on emotion and visual perception provide numerous cases where words cannot pick out entities from the physical world, but inside our head. The mentalistic theory has desirable consequences for the philosophy of language in that some classical puzzles of language (e.g. Russell's (1919) well-known puzzle of excluded middle) are explained well in the proposed theory.

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.309-346
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• 2013

This paper deals with the problem, which logic of language and which metaphysics Wittgenstein suggests in the Tractatus logico-philosophicus. I will ultimately show how he bases the metaphysics on the logic of language. The logic of language by which Wittgenstein sets the limit to the language 'in the language' is the logical syntax of the language. And Wittgenstein extends the idea of the logical syntax to the understanding the nature of the world, i.e. to the metaphysics. The logical form the language(proposition) must have is the form of the world(or the nature of the world), and it can be determined only together with the logical syntax of the language. But what is the logical form(form of the world) 'cannot be said', since the proposition saying it is devoid of 'sense' and 'says nothing'. Therefore Wittgenstein expresses that the logical form(form of the world) 'can only be shown' in the proposition that has sense. The Metaphysics Wittgenstein wants to base on the logic of language(the logical syntax) must be mystical.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.349-362
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• 2002

The paper argues for the necessicity of revising many fundamental concepts that we use in everyday situations and in communication such as reality, thought, language, the world and finally the truth. The paper develops the argument that what the word ′truth′ actually signifies cannot be addressed just by explicating what philosophy, science or even religion denote but that it can only be answered fully by the study of language and therefore in a larger context linguistics. Language is the very tool that enriches the communication between one another due to its diverse significations that one may use when expressing one′s views, thereby making life more enjoyable. The paper develops why the above corresponding argument should be justified by developing three outstanding views as follows. The world or reality is indistinguishable from the common worldview that we associate with without the means of language. That the worldview is in essence inseparable from the mental and intellectual representation of it and the only means of expression lies with language. And finally, that the language is a complex signification in itself in every aspect. Language in short is the very essence of what we define as being ′poetic.′ With these arguments in mind, we may once again ponder the signification of Nietzsche′s words when he states that "to see science through the lens of art, and art through the lens of life."

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.1 s.14
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• pp.81-92
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• 1998

According to Post-modernists including deconstructivists, as Modernism is changed into Post-modernism, the paradigm is shifted from consciousness to language. The paradigm of consciousness corresponds to representational language, and the paradigm of language to self-referential one. In post-modern age most of architects are wandering what kind of language architecture is. Some theorists contend that architecture is representational, and others that it is self-referential. Allan Colquhoun, who is known as one of the best architectural theorists inUnited States, accepts both the former and the latter, but fails to reveal the meaning and the limitation, of the two languages. Although he believes that the representational language of architecture ('figure') is the source of self-referential language of architecture('form'), he never clearly answers what kind of language architecture. In order to overcome the limitation and the meaning of Colquhoun's figure and form, and synthesize the two language, this essay appropriates Martin Heidegger's some concepts, 'ready-to-hand,' 'present-at-hand' and 'being-in-the-world' to make a theoretical framework for 'image' which prevails over and synthesizes 'form' and 'figure.' Since Image is based upon both 'being-in-the world' and 'ready-to-hand,' it is the source of 'form' and 'figure.' When 'image' is fragmented, the former and the latter emerge. Image is therefore both the former and the latter because it represents and self-refers a world as a reality.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.71-92
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• 2009

Europass was established in 2005 by the European Parliament and the Council of Europe as a single framework for language qualifications and competences, helping citizens to gain accreditation throughout the European Community. In addition, the 1996 Common European Framework of Reference for Languages: Learning, Teaching, Assessment (CEFR) provides a common basis for language syllabi, curriculum guidelines, examination, and textbooks in Europe. This framework describes the required knowledge and skills, the cultural context, and the levels of proficiency that learners should achieve. In combination, Europass and the CEFR provide employers and educational institutes with internationally recognized standards. This paper proposes that current trends such as globalization and international mobility require a similar approach to accreditation in Asia. As jobs and workers become independent of national boundaries and restrictions, it becomes necessary to educate students as multilingual world citizens, using standards that are accepted around the world. It is suggested, therefore, that assessment models such as Europass and the CEFR, along with successful language teaching models in Europe and Canada, present opportunities of adaptation for the Korean education system. Finally, rigorous teacher training to internationally recognized levels is recommended, if Korea is to produce a workforce of highly-skilled, plurilingual world citizens.

• Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.123-147
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• 2002

As far as the recent ELT research concerned, it seems to have been no hot ‘theoretical’ issues, but ‘practical’ ones in general: e.g., learners and learning, components of proficiency, correlates of L2 learning, etc. This paper focuses on the theme given above, with a special reference to the sub-title: specifically, 1) World English, world Englishes and world's lingua franca; 2) ENL, ESL and EFL; 3) Grammars, style manuals, dictionaries and media; 4) Pronunciation models: RP, BBC model and General American, Network Standard; 5) Lexical, grammatical variations and discourse grammars; 6) Beliefs and subjective theories in foreign language research; 7) Dilemma among radical, canonical and eclectic views. In conclusion, the author offers a modest proposal: we need to appeal to our own experience, intention, feeling and purpose, that is, our identity to express “our own selves” in our contexts toward the world anywhere, if not sounding authentic enough, but producing it plausibly well. It is time for us (with our ethno-cultural autonomy) to need to be complementary to and parallel with its native speakers' linguistic-cultural authenticity in terms of the broadest mutual understanding.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.185-191
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• 2022

개인정보에 대한 경각심 및 중요성 증대에 따라 텍스트 내 개인정보를 탐지하는 태스크가 주목받고 있다. 본 연구에서는 개인정보 탐지 및 비식별화를 위한 개인정보 특화 개체명 태그셋 7개를 고안하는 한편 이를 바탕으로 비식별화된 원천 데이터에 가상의 데이터를 대치하고 개체명을 주석함으로써 개인정보 특화 개체명 데이터셋을 구축하였다. 개인정보 분류 실험에는 KR-ELECTRA를 사용하였으며, 실험 결과 일반 개체명 및 정규식 바탕의 규칙 기반 개인정보 탐지 성능과 비교하여 특화 개체명을 활용한 딥러닝 기반의 개인정보 탐지가 더 높은 성능을 보임을 확인하였다.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.51
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• pp.213-233
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• 2018

Representing the future of language is a very difficult but important issue, because it signifies a world of language different from the present; at the same time it secures the identity of the present language between the future changed language and the present one. This paper examines the linguistic world of dystopia, focusing on the "Fuji-no-shima" and "Gentoshi" of Yoko Tawada. First of all, "Fuji-no-shima" shows that, for Yoko Tawada, who was crossing the border between German and Japanese as a bilingual writer, the accidental Fukushima nuclear power generation in 2011 was accepted as the destruction of verbal order between signifiant and $signifi{\acute{e}}$, due to physical changes caused by radiation leaks. "Gentoshi" tells that human ties can be maintained through language activities that can capture multiple meanings, even in a world where traditional language order is destroyed through a policy of seclusion. From the above discussion, the novel Distopia, can actually be called Utopia as long as humans rely on the power of various languages to sustain it.