• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.985-997
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• 2006

In this study, we grasped the life time structure according to working woman's income using '2004 life time research' of Korea National Statistical Office. Concrete results are shown as follows. First, inspecting the difference of individual characteristic according to income, young women who have higher education level and larger house area had acquired more income. Second, in case of the difference of life time according to income, there was no difference of individual support time, while there was statistically significant difference of working hours, household affairs, leisure time and moving hours. Third, inspecting the individual time of working, household affairs, bringing up and leisure according to income, there was statistically significant difference by age, education level, sense of time oppression, and fatigue cognition. This individual difference was revealed more strongly in medium to low-ranked group.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.181-191
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• 2015

Change in labor time is affecting occupational safety and health. Recently reduction in labor time brought innovational operation method, investment in plant and equipment, and flexible labor time in some companies, thereby affecting working conditions for labourers. However, working conditions for some vulnerable social groups have deteriorated. As a result, they are becoming more exposed to risk factors such as injury and emotional stress. In this study we use 2014 KWCS data in order to find the social and demographic characteristics in Korean working conditions. To this end, we use exploratory data analysis approach to find the relationship between some of the important variables in the KWCS data. We also use Press-State-Response model to find which group of people are vulnerable to Press and State. We find that women, people over age 50 and business owners are more vulnerable to Press and State than men, people below age 50 and wage workers.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.15-30
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• 2008

According to the research taken by the National Statistical Office, the fertility rate of a Korean fertile female is 1.17. This figure is the lowest in the world, and the reduction in the fertility rate over the last 30 years was the biggest in the world. It can be seen as a warning alarm about the effects of a low birth rate and a silver society. Assuming that there are several factors involved in this phenomenon, this study inquired into the attitude towards children, attitude towards nourishing children, attitude towards sex roles and the harmony between the jobs and families of married females, and examined the factors that influence the willingness to give birth. Final 581 copies of the survey questionnaire were used for analysis and the collected data were analysed by SPSS, Pearson's correlation analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Three main conclusions were reached: Firstly, the value variables, such as sex-role attitudes and the preference for work or home, affect the willingness to give birth. Therefore, it can be said that one's values have a significant effect on these variables and the willingness to give birth. Secondly, both working morns and housewives have a strong tendency to give a birth if they are supported on child rearing. Finally, the employment of the married women itself can be a variable that can affect childbirth. In other words, the working hours affect employed married women so as sex-role attitudes, the preference between work and home, ideal number of children, and the income to housewives. Also, even in whole married women, the employment itself can be a major factor of the willingness to have a baby. Therefore, unemployed married women have more of a tendency to have children than employed married women.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2008

This study investigated the isolation hypothesis and the buffer hypothesis of Demand-Control-Support model in relation to activity satisfaction and psychological well-being. The subjects were 300 elderly women participating in productive activity for example paid work, voluntary activity, and grancdhildren care. This research tested four hypotheses concerning the DCS model. Is there support for the isolation hypothesis, such that the lowest level of activity satisfaction is experienced by the elderly women working in an isolation situation(high demand-low control-low support)? Is there support for the isolation hypothesis, such that the lowest level of psychological well-being is experienced by the elderly women working in an isolation situation(high demand-low control-low support)? Is there support for the buffer hypothesis, i. e. interaction between demand, control, and support, indicating a buffering effect of support on the negative impact of high strain on activity satisfaction? Is there support for the buffer hypothesis, i. e. interaction between demand, control, and support, indicating a buffering effect of support on the negative impact of high strain on psychological well-being? Major results of this study were as follows. and were supported. Activity satisfaction and psychological well-being of the elderly women in isolation situation was the lowest among the sample. was supported that family support level buffered the negative impact of high strain on activity satisfaction. But was not supported. Only main effect of demand level was showed on psychological well-being.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate whether working married women in different occupational classes affected diverse health outcomes. Methods : We used data for married women aged 25-59 (N=2,273) from the 2005 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Outcome measures included physical/mental and subjective/objective indicators (selfrated poor health, chronic diseases, depression, and suicidal ideation from reported results; metabolic syndrome dyslipidemia from health examination results). Agestandardized prevalence and logistic regression were employed to assess health status according to three types working groups (housewives, married women in manual jobs, married women in non-manual jobs). Sociodemographic factors (age, numbers of children under 7, education, household income) and health behaviors (health examination, sleep, rest, exercise, smoking, drinking) and a psychological factor (stress) were considered as covariates. Results : Non-manual married female workers in Korea showed better health status in all five health outcomes than housewives. The positive health effect for the non-manual group persisted in absolute (age-adjusted prevalence) and relative (odds ratio) measures, but multivariate analyses showed an insignificant association of the non-manual group with dyslipidemia. Manual female workers showed significantly higher age-adjusted prevalence of almost all health outcomes than housewives except chronic disease, but the associations disappeared after further adjustment for covariates regarding sleep, rest, and stress. Conclusions : Our results suggest that examining the health impact of work on married women requires the consideration of occupational class.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.553-566
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• 2015

본 연구는 강도별 규칙적인 유산소운동이 중년여성의 적혈구생성인자, BDNF와 인지기능, 작업기억에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 규명하기 위해 실시하였다. 경기도 Y시 소재 G구에 거주하는 40~60대 중년여성을 대상으로 통제집단(n=9, non-exercise), 중강도 유산소운동집단(n=10, 50%VO2max, 200 kcal), 고강도 유산소운동집단(n=9, 70%VO2max, 200 kcal)으로 분류하여 12주간 주 3회의 빈도로 집단의 특성에 맞게 운동처치를 실시하여 운동전과 6주, 12주 후 채혈과 인지기능 및 작업기억검사를 통해 적혈구생성인자, BDNF, 인지기능 및 작업기억을 측정하였다. 모든 자료는 SPSS Ver. 15.0를 통해 집단, 시기, 상호교호작용의 비교를 위해 반복측정분산분석, 일변량분석 및 사후검증(LSD)을 실시하였다. 그 결과 적혈구생성인자, BDNF, 인지기능, 작업기억에서 시기에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타나 일변량분석을 통해 집단 내 시기에 따른 분석을 실시한 결과 중강도 유산소운동은 적혈구 수, 헤마토크릿, BDNF와 작업기억에서 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), (p<.01), (p<.05), (p<.05), 고강도 유산소운동은 적혈구 수와 작업기억에서 유의하게 증가하였다(p<.01)(p<.001). 또한 집단 간 비교 결과 헤마토크릿은 중강도 유산소운동집단과 고강도 유산소운동집단이 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 높았고(p<.01), 헤모글로빈은 중강도 유산소운동집단이 통제집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 따라서 본 연구의 결과를 비추어볼 때 중년여성의 적혈구생성인자, BDNF, 인지기능 및 작업기억에 12주의 중강도 이상의 유산소운동이 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국인구학
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2010

이 연구는 남성들의 은퇴가 활발히 일어나는 연령층 부부들의 식사 및 관련 행위를 분석하고 있다. 이 연구는 가사노동을 다루어 온 많은 연구들과 중첩되는 측면이 있으나, 식사준비, 식사행위, 설거지 등의 개별항목을 끼니별로 접근함으로써 일상적인 삶의 구체적인 모습에 한걸음 더 다가가고 있다. 한편, 대부분의 기존연구와는 달리 개인의 특성과 함께 부부나 배우자의 특성을 함께 고려하여 분석을 시도하고 있다. 한국통계청이 실시한 2004년도 생활시간조사자료 중 40대 후반부터 60대 후반 사이의 기혼여성들과 그 배우자들의 식생활행위를 분석해 본 결과, 부부의 식사행위, 식사준비 및 설거지 양상 등은 무엇보다도 부부의 취업형태에 따라 큰 차이를 보인다. 부부의 취업형태를 중심으로 볼 때, 부부가 함께 식사하는 비율이 가장 낮은 것은 부인만 취업한 상태이다. 은퇴연령층에서 부인만 취업하고 있다는 것은 이들이 식당 등과 같은 서비스업에 종사할 가능성이 높으며, 이로 인해 부부가 함께 식사할 수 있는 기회가 적음을 의미한다. 한편, 부인만 식사준비 하는 비율은 부인만 취업한 경우가 다른 경우보다 낮게 나타난다. 그럼에도 불구하고 부인만 취업한 경우에도 부인만 식사를 준비하는 사례가 절반 정도에 이른다. 부인만 설거지를 하는 비율 또한 식사준비를 하는 비율의 패턴과 유사하다. 이 비율 또한 부인만 취업한 경우에 가장 낮지만, 상당 수준에 이른다. 이를 통해 볼 때 식사준비와 설거지를 하는 해당 연령층 부인들의 비율은 취업상태에 따라 분명한 차이를 보이지만 대체로 이들 행위들은 여성들의 몫으로 남겨져 있다. 이는 다시 가족 내 식사준비와 설거지 등과 같은 일상적인 삶의 행위가 가족내 성역할을 반영하고 있음을 보여준다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2017

Purpose - The quality of customer service has been importantly considered as a way of retaining current customers. Recent development of service industry which based on Information & Communication Technology allows firms to utilize different employees for their businesses. Although it is regarded as important to consider emotional labor of employees working for customers in ICT service industry, little was known the role of emotional dissonance. Thus, current paper focused on emotional labor and tried to identify the factors which influence on employees' intrinsic motivation for married women working in call centers. This study highlighted the influence of the emotional dissonance on the employees' intrinsic motivation, and the moderating influences of work-family conflict on the relationship between emotional dissonance and intrinsic motivation. Research design, data, and methodology - The research samples were gathered from seven call centers of Korean financial institutions located in South Korea. The model of emotional dissonance was developed, which emphasizes the influence of emotional dissonance as a predictor on intrinsic motivation, and then the other model was also introduced to explain how employees' intrinsic motivation were aggravated by work-family conflict. To examine these research models, samples were collected from 468 married women working in call centers of Korean financial institutions located in Seoul. A total of 468 samples were used in the analysis after deleting data of missing value. SPSS 22.0 were utilized for data analysis. Results - The results of current study showed that emotional dissonance is negatively related to intrinsic motivation, and there are significant differences in work-family conflict. Those results generally support the proposed hypotheses. Conclusions - These results suggest that the relationship of intrinsic motivation of married women working in call center for customers' service were influenced by emotional dissonance, which outcomes were interacted not by face-to-face contact with their customers, but by emotional contacts. Managerially, these findings suggest the one who emphasize the quality of customer's service of call center need to introduce the programs for minimizing both of emotional dissonance and work-family conflict. These findings also suggest that the service quality via intrinsic motivation of married women working in call center is hard to be accomplished without considering the factors of emotional dissonance and work-family conflict.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2019

본 연구는 취업모인 간호사의 일 가족사이의 균형을 지지하고 사직 이직을 예방할 수 있는 맞춤보육어린이집에 관한 연구이다. 연구방법은 맞춤보육서비스의 현황을 파악하고, 가임기 간호사의 맞춤보육어린이집의 운영에 대한 인식 및 요구를 알아보는 것이다. 국민의 건강 및 안전을 위하여 숙련된 간호사를 확보하고, 이직을 방지하는 것은 매우 중요하며, 맞춤보육 어린이집은 취업모인 간호사가 365일 3교대로 연속적으로 일할 수 있도록 자녀 보육을 도와주어서, 간호사의 일 가정 양립의 실현을 지지하여 이직 사직을 방지할 수 있도록 반드시 개설되어야한다. 간호사의 역할 중에서 돌봄 제공자의 역할은 간호사의 최우선 역할이고 24시간 교대로 연속 근무할 수 있는 능력을 가진 퇴직한 간호사를 맞춤보육어린이집의 간호사 자녀 돌봄인력으로 활용한다면 간호사들이 안심하고 자녀를 맡길 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다. 그리고 맞춤보육어린이집이 취업모인 간호사의 근무상황 및 인식 요구에 맞춰서 운영이 된다면 간호사들의 사직 이직률이 낮아지고, 결혼 및 출산 계획에 긍정적인 효과를 주어 저 출산율 개선에도 긍정적인 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 맞춤보육어린이집이 활성화 되려면 안전한 돌봄 환경을 조성하고, 교사의 자질을 높이는데 큰 노력을 기울여야한다. 그리고 프로그램은 영유아의 기본생활과 습관형성을 돕는 것을 중점으로 시행하고, 교사의 자질향상을 위한 보수교육이 지속적으로 이루어질 수 있도록 행정적인 관리와 노력을 기울이는 것이 중요하다.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.33-55
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• 2016

본 연구는 근로환경이 근로자의 객관적 주관적 보상과 어떠한 관계를 가지는지를 분석함으로써 한국노동시장에 나쁜 근로환경에 대한 보상이 존재하는지를 확인하고 시사점을 제공한다. 근로자가 당면하고 있는 다양한 근로환경과 보상지표를 제공하는 한국근로환경조사(KWCS) 자료를 사용하여 분석한 결과 나쁜 근로환경을 대표하는 위험성은 임금과 유의미한 관계를 보이지 않는 반면 보상만족도와는 부(-)의 관계로 나타난다. 이는 근로자들은 나쁜 근로환경에 대한 보상이 이루어져야 한다고 인식하고 있으나 실제 노동시장에서는 금전적 보상이 이루어지지 않는다는 것을 시사한다. 또한, 노동시장에서 물리적인 위험요인보다 정신적인 위험요인에 대한 기대 보상수준이 높게 나타나며, 이러한 경향은 남성에 비해 여성이 더 크게 나타난다.