• 한국사회복지학
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• 제46권
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• pp.236-262
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• 2001

This discovery-oriented study explored 31 social workers' perceptions of discrepancies between explicit and implicit rules in their work places that are supposed to affect the quality of social work services, and identified eight categories of dilemmas: (a) confused accountability or purpose, (b) ambiguous principle, (c) improper authority, (d) confused role of social workers, (e) conflict between ideal and reality, (f) confused work ethics, (g) confused boundary of workers' rights, and (h) binds. These eight categories revealed the real philosophy and purposes of social work agencies, work ethics and values prevalent among social work agencies, agencies' orientation toward clients, and the conditions of social support from the society in large. Instead of searching for discrete variables as separately responsible for inefficient social work services, this approach probed malfunctioning implicit rules in a holistic context to see if inefficient or ineffective provision of social work services is a logical response to a much larger and deeper nexus. Insight into discrepant rules does not solely ensure the improvement of social work practice in the field, particularly if their identification is simply used as another opportunity to blame and avoid self-responsibility. However, such discrepancies between implicit and explicit rules are real enough to the staff workers and agency administrators that they may want to begin the dialogue of contradictory rules as a way of sanctioning discussion of previously forbidden topics. This study provided the ground-work for the dialogue.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제18권
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• pp.163-182
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• 2006

In social welfare arena field practicum has been an essential instrument and method for social work students to get socialized to the social work professional. However, to whom involve in the actual field practicum-universities(or colleges), institutes - have some difficulties. On the base of community welfare is a clinical approach in this times. To strengthen community welfare policy, the beginning of community welfare committee is such a good opportunity to tackle the problems of the field practicum. This study suggest that the problem of the field training are 1) a guidance of an individual social work institute, 2) the lack of social work institute, 3) the absence of the trainee's sense of values, 4) the bad conditions of the field practicum for social work students in undergraduate courses at the university(or college), and 5) the lack of professionalism for supervisors. This study makes the following social work suggestions to vitalize field practicum in community welfare. It is more likely important to 1) make the law of the field practicum for undergraduate social work courses, 2) make the coordinated programs of the field practicum for undergraduate social work course in community welfare, 3) enlarge the opportunity that a field specialist take further education, 4) support and carry of supervisor reeducation, 5) make the program development of trainee's personal experiences in social work values, and 6) social work professors make a practice in the social work field.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2001

Objective : To investigate the sources, extent and related factors in South Korean doctors. Methods : The study subjects were 934 doctors in Taegu, Kyungpook Province, Korea(540 independent practitioners, 105 employed at hospitals and 289 residents in training). Information concerning job stress was obtained using a 9-item questionnaire. Information regarding related factors such as demographic characteristics(age, sex, marital status), perceptions on the socioeconomic status of doctors and working conditions(work time, on-call days per week) was also obtained by self-administered questionnaire during April and May, 2000. Results : Major sources of job stress included clnical responsibility/judgement factor, patient factor and work loading factor. The job stress score of residents was the highest among three groups. The score was lower in older doctors. The score was low among those who thought doctors' socioeconomic status was not good. The longer the work time, the higher the job stress score was. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to control for the mutual influence of independent variables. In regression analysis, the score of residents was higher than practitioners. Work time and socioeconomic status perception had negative effects on job stress score. Conclusion : The average job stress score of the doctors was high. Age, work type, working conditions and perceptions of socioeconomic status were found to besignificantly related to job stress score. Although the job stress of doctors is somewhat inevitable due to the nature of the doctor's job, control of work time, development of coping tools and other intervention methods are needed to reduce job stress of doctors. Further studies are required to understand the characteristics of iob stress and reduce the job stress of doctors.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
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• 제34권
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• pp.36.1-36.12
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• 2022

Background: Many studies have been conducted to investigate the harmful effect of shift work on physical and mental health. Although, by definition, "working evening shift" is included in the scope of shift work, most related studies conducted thus far have focused on working night shifts, overtime work, or different types of shift work, with little research effort dedicated to "working evening shifts." Therefore, to fill this research gap, we investigated the effect of working evening shifts on workers' mental health. Methods: The participants of this study were 16,692 employees of the 50,205 that participated in the 5th wave of the Korean Working Conditions Survey. We performed χ² test and logistic regression analysis to analyze the effects of independent variables on health problems and calculated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: In the logistic regression analysis adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, health-related factors, and work-related characteristics, employees who worked evening shifts showed higher levels of depression and anxiety compared to those that did not. In particular, the adjusted odds ratios of the group working evening shifts between one and nine times a month were the highest with 2.723 (95% CI: 2.014-3.682) for depression, 3.294 (95% CI: 2.547-4.259) for anxiety. Conclusions: The results of our study suggest that working evening shifts has a negative effect on employees' mental health. This trend decreased with an increase in the monthly frequency of evening work.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2008

Abstract - Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of work conditions on job stress of social workers in Seoul. Method: For this survey, a self-reported questionnaire was administrated to 1,000 social workers working in all of organization for social welfare practice in Seoul. The number of responded questionnaires was 431. Multiple linear regression analysis was used for job stress as the dependent variables and control variables. Results: The result of multiple linear regression analysis indicated that regular rest breaks had significantly effect on job stress level but long working hours did not. When regular rest breaks was guaranteed job stress of social workers significantly lowered 8.4 point. In addition standardized regression coefficients and partial R2 of regular rest breaks was the highest score among the variables. Conclusion: This study suggests that it is the most important to guarantee regular rest breaks in the work schedule in order to alleviate job stress of social workers.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.80-93
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to recognize about lingerie company's education and pattern-making actual conditions. This study used a questionnaire method. Respondent of survey is designers who work in exist lingerie company. The collected data were statistically processed using SPSS(Statistical Package for Social Science) for technical statistical analysis, correlation analysis. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Most of lingerie designers educated lingerie design, pattern and textiles etc. after entering a company and satisfaction 57.3% about education has satisfaction of intergrade. 2. Designer's 87.8% has satisfaction more than intergrade about own pattern-making technology and work career is high, satisfaction about pattern-making technology is high. 3. Correlation was expose that is in lingerie education availability and optimum level arrival period of pattern-making ability before entering a company. In case take lingerie education before entering a comany, thought that optimum level arrival period of pattern-making ability is shorter. 4. Most of lingerie company designers used flat pattern-making method and draping method. 5. There is correlation between work career and using the basic pattern. Work career was expose that make and use only own basic pattern in case is more than 3 years. 6. Contents about deepening pattern-making technology are most by 92.2% to contents of lingerie reeducation.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.525-534
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• 2011

This paper describes the current status of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs) and its ergonomic risk factors, including the preventive intervention in terms of the working conditions and health promotion among agricultural workers. Korean agricultural workers have been exposed to the poor working condition. They have suffered from a variety of work-related injury and diseases more than the general population or the other occupational group. MSDs are one of the most prevalent problems threatening the agricultural worker's health and quality of life. Low back pain, osteoarthritis of hip and knee joint and carpal tunnel syndrome are well known MSDs that was found easily and frequently among agricultural workers. MSDs are worsened by poor ergonomic working conditions such as heavy weight lifting, repetitive movement and awkward posture which involves squatting with long sitting work on the ground, long working hours and heavy workload which are inherent in the greater part of agricultural works. Even though Korean agricultural workers are very weak population in terms of occupational safety and health, no many studies were conducted in the past and no many social and institutional supports were provided sufficiently. We need more interests and efforts in agricultural fields to improve its working condition and to promote health status of agricultural workers.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2008

This paper suggests the best work conditions, including short break time and number of mouse clicks on a computer, to prevent MSDs(Musculoskeletal Disorders) on VDT(Visual Display Terminal) work. Discomfort measures are calculated according to the Borg's CR-10 Scale. The short break time conditions are grouped into 7, 15, and 30 seconds after every 10-minute work period and the number of mouse clicks are divided into 10 clicks/min, 20clicks/min, and 30clicks/min. The result of the ANOVA on the shift value of subjective discomfort shows the following: 1) Regarding the break time and the number of mouse clicks, there are statistical differences between the measured values for the neck and the wrist(p<0.05). 2) Regarding the number of mouse clicks, there are statistical differences between the measured values for the shoulder and the forearm(p<0.1). 3) Regarding the break time and the number of mouse clicks, there are no statistical differences between the measures values for the eyes, upper arms and back(p<0.1).

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.656-663
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• 1990

본 연구에서는 이러한 해석적 근사해를 이용한 스터링기관의 최적설계조건에 관하여 취급하고자 한다. 단열해석의 결과를 대응하는 등온해석과 비교, 고찰함으로 써 방법에 따른 조건의 차이를 보이고 주요 설계인자의 성능에 미치는 영향을 규명한 다. 또한, 제인자에 따른 기관성능의 변화추이가 편리하게 표시될 수 이씨는 일종의 성능선도(performance map)를 작성하고자 한다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.61-81
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the policy demands of the family sector for work-family balance, with a focus on the child care and household labor provisions. For empirical analysis, data were collected from 197 dual-income families with at least one young child under age 10 in the metropolitan area via self-administered questionnaires. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, child care provisions for working mothers and fathers were insufficient and unfair, and the ratio of child care provisions offered by familial child care network was high. The characteristics of child care provisions for working parents were associated with family structure, working conditions, and demographic variables. Second, household labor provisions for working mothers and fathers were also insufficient and unfair, and the ratio of socialization was high. Third, the level of family satisfaction varied by the level of child care and household labor provisions, respectively, controlling family structure, working conditions, and demographic variables. The empirical results of the study provided policy implications for work-family balance.